•Intellectually disabled (ID) children belong to the highest risk groups for sexual abuse.•ID children should be educated more regarding sexuality and ‘empowered’ by programs.•Perpetrators of sexual ...abuse of ID children are often ID peers who have been abused.•Care providers should be trained in open communication and recognition of signals of abuse.•Improvements are possible in registration of reports, research and (concrete) policy.
The current paper provides a narrative review of the literature on sexual abuse, involving children with Intellectual Disability (ID). The thirteen articles that were found and met our criteria vary in their definitions of sexual abuse and in how ID was determined. Still, they do paint a general picture concerning (1) the extent of sexual abuse, (2) the nature of the sexual abuse, and (3) the institutional reactions following sexual abuse of children with ID. Our findings confirm the greater vulnerability of children with ID to become involved in sexual abuse both as a victim and as a perpetrator, and we discuss ways to help strengthening prevention and intervention methods. Nevertheless, more research is needed, as it is still a rather unexplored topic, which is striking in light of the high vulnerability of this group.
Children with mild intellectual disabilities need to receive optimal educational services during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze inclusive education services for children with mild ...intellectual disabilities during the pandemic. This study used a survey method with a sample of 10 inclusive elementary schools in Jakarta with 25 teachers and 10 parents who have children with mild intellectual disabilities. The finding shows that inclusive education services in the sub-district of Setiabudi, South Jakarta need improvement and improvement in all aspects, from teachers, curriculum, media and in terms of parents. All components must contribute to providing optimal learning services for children with mild intellectual disabilities to match the vision of inclusive education itself, where schools make adjustments both in terms of curriculum, educational facilities and infrastructure, as well as learning systems tailored to the individual needs of students. Thus the results of this study can be used as benchmarks for us as academics, especially for policy makers to contribute to improving the quality of education, especially inclusive education services for children with special needs.
Intellectual disability is a serious lifelong disability that places heavy demands on society and the health system. The study was designed to determine the extent to which the intellectually ...challenged children are capable of improving their cognitive abilities as well as adaptive functioning through the Montessori Sensorial Training program when introduced in a different setting (i.e. special education school system). With randomised control trial (RCT) of pre-and post-testing, 30 children with mild intellectual disabilities were randomly allocated to Montessori Sensorial Training intervention condition (n = 15) and waitlist control condition (n = 15). The intervention group showed significant improvement in cognitive abilities (i.e. classification, seriation, recognition, ordination, and visual and auditory discrimination) as compared to the control group at post-assessment. Children who received training also showed improvement in communication and self-care domain as compared to the control group. This study provides evidence that Montessori Sensorial Training is not only effective for children going to mainstream schools but also for children with intellectual disabilities. Despite some limitations, the results of the study are encouraging and suggesting that Montessori Sensorial Training is an effective intervention to facilitate self-based learning, independence, and decision-making skills in children with mild intellectual disabilities.
Background:
Children with mild intellectual disabilities and emotional and behavioural problems whose parents have mental health concerns are at an increased risk of developing problems themselves. ...This study analysed the effectiveness of the ‘You are Okay’-program aimed to support these children and parents and to reduce the risk of problem development in children.
Method:
A quasi-experimental design was used to compare the experimental group (‘care as usual’ and ‘You are Okay’) with the control group (‘care as usual’) on the main outcome of emotional and behavioural problems and proposed intermediate outcomes.
Results:
Children in the experimental group reported a significant medium to large decrease in emotional and behavioural problems compared to the control group. The effects on the intermediate outcomes were non-significant.
Conclusions:
This specific study population comprising a vulnerable group of children seems to benefit from this specially adapted ‘You are Okay’-program. More research is necessary to draw further conclusions.
Razvoj misaonih struktura djeteta utječe na uspješnost u savladavanju matematičkih pojmova. Pojava konkretnog logičkog mišljenja i njegovi indikatori (pojmovi konzervacije) značajni su za pozitivno ...školsko postignuće učenika u okviru matematičkih sadržaja. Oblikovanjem formalnih operacija, kao posljednjom najsavršenijom fazom razvoja mišljenja, omogućuju se najsloženiji vidovi konzervacije. Kombinatorika predstavlja generalizaciju operacija stečenih u stadiju konkretnih operacija i obilježje posljednje faze razvoja mišljenja.
Cilj ovog rada usmjeren je na procjenu razvoja misaonih struktura konkretnih logičkih operacija (ostvarivanjem konzervacije broja, duljine, mase i volumena) i formalnih operacija (ostvarivanjem kombinatorike), kao i njihovu povezanost s matematičkim postignućem učenika s blažim intelektualnim teškoćama starije školske dobi.
U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 120 učenika oba spola (43,3% djevojčica i 56,7% dječaka), kronološke dobi od 12 do 15 godina. Sudionici su učenici od V do VIII razreda beogradskih osnovnih škola za djecu s blažim intelektualnim teškoćama.
Za procjenu operativnosti mišljenja korišteni su standardni Piagetovi zadaci za procjenu konzervacije (broja, duljine, mase i volumena) i kombinatorike, a za procjenu usvajanja matematičkih sadržaja korišten je kriterijski test znanja, posebno konstruiran za potrebe ovog istraživanja.
Rezultatima istraživanja je utvrđena povezanost između stupnja misaone razvijenosti na svim primijenjenim zadacima i razine savladavanja gradiva matematike.
Imajući u vidu loša postignuća ispitanika našeg istraživanja u svim segmentima rada, naglašavamo značaj prezentiranja Piagetovih i matematičkih zadataka kroz igru, kao što i Piagetova teorija zastupa stav o primjeni igara kojima se potiču reverzibilnost, identitet i konzervacija te kojima se matematičko mišljenje čini gipkijim, aktivnijim, širim, dubljim i originalnijim.
Intellectual limitations are among the reasons children have difficulty building one of them on tooth-scrubbing. It has been marked by an oddity problem in the lightweight t children, including the ...children with mild intellectual disability that will be researched. If not treated, the problem can lead to other oral infections. Management requires a proper method of help with the enjoyable media - the drill method of visiting videos. The study USES the design of the A-B-A single-subject research (SSR) method. Research shows a rise in mean levels of 66.6% on baseline, 1, to 83% on intervention conditions, but two goes down to 79.5% on the baseline. However, the tendency of stability to baseline’s condition is 100%, which means the data it finds is stable despite declining. Capitalization between baseline’s condition, 1 to intervention state is 0%. So the conclusion from the research is that an intervention of a drilling method with a video successfully affects the ability to brush a child’s teeth.
Več študij je preučevalo bližnje in daljne transferne učinke kognitivnega treninga (predvsem treninga delovnega spomina), a je bilo le malo študij narejenih na populaciji otrok z lažjo motnjo v ...duševnem razvoju. Iz tega razloga smo želeli v naši raziskavi preveriti, kakšne učinke ima računalniški kognitivni trening – virtualni labirint – na kognitivne funkcije otrok z lažjo motnjo v duševnem razvoju. V raziskavi so nas še posebej zanimali učinki treninga na izvršilne funkcije in nekatere z njimi povezane kognitivne funkcije: preklapljanje med mentalnimi seti, verbalno fluentnost, delovni spomin, dolgotrajni spomin in hitrost procesiranja. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 21 učencev, 11 v eksperimentalni in 10 v kontrolni skupini. Vključili smo učence od 4. do 9. razreda, stari so bili od 10 do 19 let. Eksperimentalna skupina je trening izvajala 12-krat po 35 minut. Intervencija je potekala skupinsko, dvakrat na teden. Kontrolna skupina je bila pasivna in ni izvajala nobenih aktivnosti. Pred in po končanih treningih smo udeležence v kontrolni in eksperimentalni skupini testirali z nevropsihološkimi testi in računalniško baterijo CogState. Rezultati so pokazali pomembne izboljšave pri eksperimentalni skupini v primerjavi s kontrolno skupino na Reyjevem slušno-verbalnem testu (s katerim preverjamo kognitivne sposobnosti na področju slušno-besednega spomina), pri meri skupnega števila priklicanih besed (vsoti preizkusov od I do III) ter na preizkusu po interferenci (preizkusu IV). Pomembne izboljšave pri eksperimentalni skupini v primerjavi s kontrolno pa so se pokazale tudi pri Testu povezovanja – delu A, ki preverja motorično hitrost. Najmočnejši je bil torej učinek treninga na hitrost procesiranja vidnih informacij in besedni spomin.
A lot of studies investigated near and far transfer effects of cognitive training (especially working memory training), but only few were carried out on children with mild intellectual disability. ...For this reason, we wanted to study the effects of computerised cognitive training (using virtual labyrinth) on cognitive functions of children with mild intellectual disability. We were particularly interested in its effects on executive functions and the related cognitive functions: shifting, verbal fluency, working memory, long-term memory and processing speed. Twenty-one fourth to ninth graders aged 10 to 19 participated, 11 in the experimental and 10 in the control group. The experimental group participated in 12 training sessions, each lasting 35 minutes. Intervention took place in groups, twice a week. The control group was passive and was not involved in any activities. Before and after trainings both groups were tested with selected neuropsychological tests and the CogState computer battery. The results showed that in the second wave, the experimental group considerably improved its results on several measurements of cognitive functions. Compared to the control group, experimental group showed significantly higher total gains on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT; total score and test IV score) and the Trail Making Test, Part A. The training therefore had the largest effect on the speed of processing visual information and verbal memory.
The main aims of this study were to further validate the Children's Social Understanding Scale (CSUS), which is a parent-report measure developed by Tahiroglu and colleagues, and to fill in some gaps ...in the existing research. Our study included more than 700 Polish parents from a diverse educational background who had children with disabilities, including mild intellectual disability (MID) and hearing impairment (HI), or typically developing children. After conducting a confirmatory factor analysis, we built a model with acceptable fit. The model turned out to be invariant in each of our subsamples. Children without disabilities had the highest scores on the CSUS, whereas children with MID had the lowest scores. We were able to obtain not only good reliability on the measure but also a high test-retest correlation between longitudinal results over a period of 20 months. We validated the CSUS using laboratory theory of mind (ToM) tasks, as well as a social skills measure, after controlling for the language skills and age of the children.
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CEKLJ, FFLJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PEFLJ
The purpose of thus research was to determine the influence of icebreaker in enhancing students achievement on mathematic of the children with mild intellectual. Disability of grade IV of SLB Putra ...Manunggal Gombong in the academic year of 2017 / 2018. This research used quantitative approach with the pre-experimental design using one group pre-test post-test design. The subject of this research were eight students with mild intellectual disability of grade IV of SLB Putra Manunggal Gombong in the academic year of 2017 / 2018. The technique was objective test in the form of multiple choice . the obtained data were analyzed quantitatively with Wilcoxin Sign Rank Test non parametric statistical analysis using 23 SPSS program. Based on the data analysys the post-test mean score of the research subject increased significantly, pre-test mean score was 63,12 and post-test mean score was 77,12. The result of non-parametric statistical analysis showed the score of 2 value= -2,530 with Asymp. Sig (2 tailed) = 0,011 which under 0,05 is smaller than a predetermined significance level or 0,011 < 0,05. It can be concluded that the use of icebreaker had influence in enhancing students achievement on mathematics of the children with mild intellectual disability of grade IV of SLB Putra Manunggal Gombong in the academic year of 2017/2018.
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