Studies in Intercultural Communication Competence (ICC) has been extensively investigated by numerous experts in the last decade. Some models and approaches have been constructed to the purposes of ...developing individuals’ competency in intercultural communication context. However, some problems occurred due to cultural discrepancy. The purpose of this study is to explore strategies being used by Indonesian postgraduates’ students to be inter-culturally and communicatively competent. Interviews session (adopted from Fantini’s conceptual framework) with sixteen Indonesian students have been conducted to scrutinise their personal experienced and awareness in intercultural communication setting. Despite the fact that the existences of cultural diversity in inner circle countries, Indonesian students have attempted to exposure more in intercultural interaction. They converged themselves with other international students as well as with locals in the community. From a critical perspective, this study suggested that Indonesian students should attempt to shift out from their ‘very own’ circle. Equally significant, to be more open to initiate more deep conversation and involve in a more interactive, intercultural communication settings, with other students from different countries.
There has been a high level of agreement among scholars that communicative competence should be integrated within language learning and assessments. The study attempts to unravel the issues of how ...communicative competence can be assessed and measured in multilingual environments and how communicative language testing can be promoted. Using the content analysis approach as the qualitative method, it begins with the historical review of communicative competence that started at the beginning of 1970s to the most current concept involving intercultural communicative competence. Then, some practical models of communicative competence that can be used to propose a measurement of communicative competence are presented. Later, this article argues that there is an upsurge need to shift the paradigm of language testing and language assessment towards communicative competence. Moreover, the nature of language testing should not only concern linguistic or knowledge competence but also recognize the different varieties of English. This study implies that, in the field of language testing, language test designers should encompass the concept of communicative competence in the test construct to include real-life language use, and by extension, to increase test validity. As for teachers, a reform integrating communicative competence in classroom language assessment has become essential within the scope of language teaching.
English language education in the region of Castilla-La Mancha (Spain) has undergone significant change in the last decade with the rapid implementation of different types of CLIL-based ...Spanish-English bilingual programs. This situation places English linguistic competence at the center of controversy given the need for certified bilingual teachers participating in CLIL-type bilingual programs, who must comply with the minimum B2 level of English and are expected to engage in the successful teaching of content subjects. Within this context, this paper draws from a larger multi-sited linguistic ethnography and analyzes the organization of bilingual classroom interactions in a semi-private school that claims to implement a distinct language program built around teaching partnerships between 'native' language assistants (NLAs) and content teachers (CTs). We draw from critical research on communicative competence and changing definitions of workers in late capitalism to examine how linguistic and professional hierarchies are reconstructed within this bilingual classroom interactional order.
People with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) show anomalies in language processing with respect to “who is doing what” in an action. This linguistic behavior is suggestive of an atypical ...representation of the formal concepts of “Agent” in the lexical representation of a verb, i.e., its thematic grid. To test this hypothesis, we administered a silent-reading task with sentences including a semantic violation of the animacy trait of the grammatical subject to 30 people with SSD and 30 healthy control participants (HCs). When the anomalous grammatical subject was the Agent of the event, a significant increase of Gaze Duration was observed in HCs, but not in SSDs. Conversely, when the anomalous subject was a Theme, SSDs displayed an increased probability of go-back movements, unlike HCs. These results are suggestive of a higher tolerability for anomalous Agents in SSD compared to the normal population. The fact that SSD participants did not show a similar tolerability for anomalous Themes rules out the issue of an attention deficit. We suggest that general communication abilities in SSD might benefit from explicit training on deep linguistic structures.
Cílem studie je analyzovat stav výuky odborného cizího jazyka (OCJ) na středních odborných školách a středních odborných učilištích na příkladu oborů stavebnictví a oborů zpracování dřeva. Dále pak ...analyzovat závěry strategických dokumentů a na základě výsledků kvalitativního výzkumu popsat aktuální stav výuky OCJ na konkrétních SOŠ a SOU a následně nastínit možná didaktická řešení. Výklady jsou konkretizovány na příkladech oborů stavebnictví (Instalatér, Zedník, Stavebnictví) a zpracování dřeva (Truhlář). Vzhledem ke stanoveným cílům studie a designu výzkumu, který se soustředí zejména na analýzu a mapování současné situace ve výuce odborného cizího jazyka na středních odborných školách, jsme si stanovili následující výzkumné otázky: Jaké metody a didaktické materiály jsou využívány k výuce OCJ? Na jaké bariéry pedagogičtí pracovníci při výuce OCJ narážejí? Prostřednictvím jaké podpory by bylo možné efektivitu výuky OCJ zvýšit? S ohledem na stanovené výzkumné otázky byl výzkum proveden kvalitativní formou metodou polostrukturovaného rozhovoru. Celkově se výzkumu zúčastnilo 51 učitelů z 10 různých škol. Během výzkumu byly prozkoumány strategické dokumenty, školní vzdělávací programy a relevantní učebnice FLSP s cílem (ne)potvrdit jejich (ne)vhodnost pro vyučující a studenty. Výsledky studie naznačují, že kvalita výuky OCJ na zkoumaných středních odborných školách a učilištích je nedostatečná. Didaktická efektivita, kterou je třeba nastavit, spočívá zejména v integraci komunikační kompetence a odborného obsahu, v důrazu na praktičnost a reálnou profesní komunikaci, využití prvků informálního učení a v neposlední řadě v implementaci strategií digitálního vzdělávání.
In this review article for the 20th Anniversary Issue, I look back at research from the last two decades on the role of computer technology in understanding and facilitating second language ...acquisition (SLA) and forward to what future research might investigate. To be discussed are both how technology has been used to conduct research on SLA processes and what the impacts of technology have been as a mediator of those processes. As we progress into the 21st century, I suggest that technology in SLA research will assume an increasingly greater role, approaching Bax's (2003, 2011) notion of "normalization" for the field of computer-assisted language learning, namely that technology is gradually being fully integrated into second language teaching, learning, and research. In addition, I propose that SLA research investigate not only the traditional aspects of linguistic and communicative competence but newer types of "symbolic competence" (e.g., Kramsch, 2011) and "intercultural communicative competence" (e.g., Byram, 1997), which include integral technological components, and which are a part of general "digital literacies" or "multiliteracies."
This study aimed to present a model of intercultural communicative competence (ICC) by incorporating international posture, motivational disposition (ideal L2 self), second language (L2) ...self-confidence, and metacognitive learning strategies. To this end, 150 Iranian L2 learners, selected through convenience sampling procedure, took part in the research. The findings of structural equation modelling revealed that the proposed model showed adequate fit to the data, implying that the model is appropriate in Iranian English as a foreign language (EFL) context. Also, the results indicated that learners with a high level of international posture are more likely to bridge the gap between their present and ideal selves. This was, additionally, argued that internationally oriented and ideally motivated learners become confident of their abilities to get engaged in interaction with L2 target communities. Furthermore, metacognitive learning strategies were found to be directly associated with ICC, implicating that the learners who continuously reflect on their learning and evaluate their performances are more prone to have a higher level of ICC. Finally, suggestions were offered for language teachers and policy-makers to inspire their learners to be more competent in communication with people of other cultures and languages.
This article reviews 26 empirical studies on digital multimodal composing (DMC) published in well-established journals between 2010 and 2020. It provides a holistic overview of these studies in terms ...of context and participants, multimodal tasks, technology, and research data. Research strands and themes are also identified. This review shows that most studies on DMC were conducted in tertiary ESL/EFL contexts. The research was informed by various theoretical/pedagogical frameworks across multiple disciplines. The multimodal writing tasks included digital storytelling, digital video production, and multimodal presentation. Data were analyzed to address three main strands: 1) L2 students' DMC process, 2) students' perceptions of DMC, and 3) effects of DMC. Of note, DMC practices were reported to have benefited L2 students, such as enhancing audience and genre awareness, learner autonomy, language learning investment, identity development, multimodal communicative competence, and L2 competence. This article ends with pedagogical recommendations and directions for future research.
This is a thoroughly revised, updated and expanded edition of a practical introduction to intercultural education for teachers of English as a second language. It provides a concise summary of the ...intellectual and pedagogical traditions that have shaped intercultural language education, from ethnography to critical pedagogy and cultural studies. The book offers clear illustrations of the practical impact of these traditions on curriculum design, classroom activities and assessment. As well as addressing developments in the field since the publication of the 1st edition, this new edition also reflects on the impact of online resources for English language education. The book continues to make a powerful case for developing intercultural as well as linguistic competences and will remain invaluable reading for English language teachers across the world.
Background
Children with Tourette syndrome (TS) have historically experienced problems in academic and social settings, yet their language and communication abilities have not been extensively ...researched.
Aims
This scoping review maps the literature on the oral language and social communication abilities of children with TS in order to describe the nature of the current literature, present a summary of major findings and identify where gaps exist.
Methods
A scoping review was completed to identify studies measuring the oral language or social communication abilities of children with TS. A systematic search of six electronic databases was conducted to obtain published and unpublished literature. All English studies measuring the oral language or social communication abilities of children with TS were included. Information was extracted from records and knowledge was synthesised in a narrative summary.
Main Contribution
We identified 56 records for inclusion. Almost all records were located in journals within the fields of psychology and psychiatry. Skills most often studied were verbal IQ and verbal fluency. The literature suggests an increased prevalence of language disorders and social communication problems in children with TS; however, literature comprehensively detailing these challenges was scarce. Language strengths were identified in verbal intelligence, story/sentence recall, categorisation and performance on tasks at the single‐word level.
Conclusions
Oral language and social communication skills are important for academic and social success. This review brings scattered literature together to provide up‐to‐date information about language in children with TS and highlights that there are considerable gaps in our knowledge about language and communication in this population. This scoping review can inform future research and support speech language pathologists in the assessment of young people with TS.
WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS
What is already known on the subject
Speech‐language pathologists (SLPs) working in various contexts (e.g., schools, mental health teams) are likely to encounter children with Tourette syndrome (TS); however, the description of this population and potential communication characteristics is not well represented in the SLP literature. Previous literature reviews have reported strengths in verbal fluency and morphological processing. Challenges in expressive language, higher order language, social cognition and a propensity towards autistic traits have also been identified.
What this paper adds to existing knowledge
This review differs from previous narrative reviews by employing a systematic approach to searching for literature. As a result, we identified 25 additional studies that had not been cited in previous reviews and additional relevant findings in 23 previously reviewed studies. This review confirms several previous conclusions about language in children with TS and extends or clarifies several others, thereby providing the most current information on oral language and social communication abilities. The use of current taxonomies of language and social communication helps to organise this literature for clinicians and researchers in speech‐language pathology and identifies a need for further research from the SLP perspective.
What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?
These results imply that SLPs should screen children with TS for language disorders and investigate social communication and social interaction development. Clinicians can expect greater challenges in language and communication development for children with complex forms of TS (i.e., those who exhibit co‐occurring conditions such as attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder). The multidisciplinary nature of the current literature implies that clinical collaboration with other disciplines will be of particular benefit to serving this group of children.
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