There are many problems resulting from the lack of coordination between the architect and the construction, when the architect finishes setting his design and construction vision from developing the ...executive perceptions, some problems appear that may sometimes lead to the mismatch of the walls with the spatial space, or this results in the occurrence of large voidsWith neglected areas, and from here some architectural problems appear, and this requires the Intervention of the designer to develop functional and aesthetic solutions by which these problems are avoided.For examples, Sometimes the civil put a column as a solution, but this column may be at the middle of spatial space so it leads to useless spaces or lose side from the façade aesthetics which is combatable with the aesthetic vision for the architectural engineer in this case the role of interior designer comes trying to find functional solutions for this useless spaces and create aesthetic worlds to serve firstly the human feeling to be more comfortable inside the spatial space.From this point of view, the research aims to formulate a set of requirements to deal with the problems resulting from the executive perceptions of architectural solutions, and to reach through this applied study to proposals and design solutions to the defects resulting from those problems, part of which was monitored through actual practices in the labor market in order to achieve unity and balance And integration, taking into account the functional and aesthetic aspect.The research came in three axes as follows, the first axis: the relationship between architecture and construction, the second axis: the requirements for dealing with problems resulting from the executive perceptions of architectural designs, the third axis: the applied aspect (design solutions). The research recommends the necessity of cooperation and coordination between the pillars of the design process (the owner, the architect, the structural and the interior designer), to obtain the best results that achieve user satisfaction and meet their actual needs, as well as saving time, effort and cost.Key words:Architect – Constructor – Creativity- Interior Designer.
Although different satisfiability decision procedures can be combined by algorithms such as those of Nelson–Oppen or Shostak, current tools typically can only support a finite number of theories to ...use in such combinations. To make SMT solving more widely applicable one needs theory-generic satisfiability algorithms allowing a potentially infinite number of decidable theories to be user-definable, instead of needing to be built in by tool implementers. This work studies how folding variant narrowing, a generic unification algorithm that offers good extensibility in unification theory, can be extended to a generic variant-based satisfiability algorithm for the initial algebras of user-specified input theories when such theories satisfy Comon and Delaune's finite variant property (FVP) and some extra conditions. Several, increasingly larger infinite classes of theories whose initial algebras enjoy decidable variant-based satisfiability are identified and illustrated with examples. A method based on descent maps to bring other theories into these classes and to improve the generic algorithm's efficiency is also proposed.
•A new, theory-generic satisfiability decision procedure is proposed.•The procedure takes an equational theory enjoying the finite variant property and decides satisfiability of quantifier-free formulas in the initial algebra of the theory.•The algorithm extends to all quantifier-free formulas the well known, theory-generic satisfiability algorithm for positive formulas based on variant-based unification using folding variant narrowing.•Several, increasingly larger infinite classes of theories whose initial algebras enjoy decidable variant-based satisfiability are identified and illustrated with examples.•A method based on descent maps to bring other theories into these classes and to improve the generic algorithm's efficiency is also proposed.
The subject of building information modelling (BIM) has become a central topic to the improvement of the AECOO (Architecture, Engineering, Construction, Owner and Operator) industry around the world, ...to the point where the concept is being expanded into domains it was not originally conceived to address. Transitioning BIM into the domain of infrastructure projects has provided challenges and emphasized the constructor perspective of BIM. Therefore, this study aims to collect the relevant literature regarding BIM within the Infrastructure domain and its use from the constructor perspective to review and analyse the current industry positioning and research state of the art, with regards to the set criteria. The review highlighted a developing base of BIM for infrastructure. From the analysis, the related research gaps were identified regarding information integration, alignment of BIM processes to constructor business processes & the effective governance and value of information. From this a unique research strategy utilising a framework for information governance coupled with a graph based distributed data environment is outlined to further progress the integration and efficiency of AECOO Infrastructure projects.
•259 academic publications reviewed regarding infrastructure and construction BIM•Analysis of trends exhibited within the domain of infrastructure BIM.•4 research gaps identified for infrastructure and general BIM•Gaps identified address definition, process and connection of information.•Roadmap for infrastructure constructor BIM development proposed
Constructor Gráfico de Consultas para AUDAT v2.1 Angelica Rodríguez Pérez; Wilder López Elias; Albeto Mendoza Garnache
Serie científica de la Universidad de las ciencias informáticas,
02/2020, Volume:
13, Issue:
5
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
La presente investigación surge como parte de la colaboración que existe entre la Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas (UCI) y la Contraloría General de la República (CGR) de Cuba. La UCI con el ...Centro de Tecnologías de Gestión de Datos (DATEC) asumió la tarea de desarrollar el Sistema de Auditoría de Datos AUDAT v1.0, sistema que facilita a los auditores y contadores realizar las auditorías a entidades y organismos, y posteriormente la v2.0 a la cual el centro le ha dado soporte y mantenimiento hasta la actualidad. El sistema cuenta con un Constructor Gráfico de Consultas (CGC), el cual permite diseñar consultas SQL, este componente requiere de perfeccionamiento en cuanto a sus funciones y rendimiento. Para el desarrollo de esta nueva versión del constructor se realiza un análisis e investigación de constructores gráficos de herramientas como el Navicat y SQL Server. Esta solución permitirá una optimización del tiempo de respuesta del constructor contribuyendo así al rendimiento del mismo.
FSCIL (Few-shot class-incremental learning) is a prominent research topic in the ML community. It faces two significant challenges: forgetting old class knowledge and overfitting to limited new class ...training examples. In this paper, we present a novel FSCIL approach inspired by the human brain's analogical learning mechanism, which enables human beings to form knowledge about a target domain from the knowledge of the source domains that are analogical to the target in some aspects. The proposed analogical learning-based FSCIL (ALFSCIL) method consists of two major components: new class classifier constructor (NCCC) and Meta-Analogical training (MAT). The NCCC module utilizes a multi-head cross-attention transformer to compute analogies between new and old classes, generating new class classifiers by blending old class classifiers based on the computed analogies. The MAT module updates the parameters of the CNN feature extractor, the NCCC module, and the knowledge for each encountered class after each round of the FSCIL session. We turn the optimization process into a bi-level optimization problem (BOP) whose theoretical analysis proves the stability and plasticity of our proposed model. Experimental evaluations reveal that this proposed ALFSCIL method achieves the SOTA performance accuracies on three benchmark datasets: CIFAR100, miniImageNet, and CUB200.
Embolization therapy is an attractive strategy for antitumor therapy, especially for solid tumors. In vivo self-coagulation behavior holds great potential in a new type of tumor embolization therapy. ...However, spatiotemporal controllable in situ formation of thrombus in tumor is a challenge. Herein, an ultrasound (US)-responsive ultra-sensitive “thrombus constructor” (UUNC), which was prepared by loading thrombin into a nanobubble, and modified with NGR peptide on its surface, is rational designed for tumor embolization therapy. Benefiting from the targeting ability of NGR peptides to tumor neovascularization, UUNC efficiently enriched in tumor vessels, and then released thrombin rapidly to form thrombi in situ of tumor blood vessels in the presence of US. In vivo antitumor experiments demonstrated that UUNC could significantly lead to tumor cell apoptosis and necrosis, and the tumor growth inhibition rate (TGI) was 85.3% with a transient US in tumor, while maintain high stability, and no obvious thrombus was observed in normal tissues. UUNC holds an attractive potential for tumor embolization therapy via spatiotemporal controllable thrombus construct strategy.
Abstract
In this paper I demonstrate a novel distinction between work and heat, in terms of the distinguishability of states. Specifically, I show that if it is possible to extract different amounts ...of work deterministically from a physical system prepared in any one of a set of states, then those states must be distinguishable from one another. This result is formulated independently of scale and of particular dynamical laws; it also provides a novel connection between thermodynamics and information theory, established via the law of conservation of energy. This connection, unlike the well-known one between information and the second law, is exact, i.e., it does not depend on coarse-graining or ensemble approximation. Albeit compatible with these conclusions, existing thermodynamics approaches cannot provide a result of such generality, because they are scale-dependent (relying on ensembles or coarse-graining) or tied to particular dynamical laws. This result provides a foundation for thermodynamics that is both broader and more secure than existing ones, with implications for the theory of von Neumann’s universal constructor.
This paper introduces MesoBioNano (MBN) Studio – a graphical user interface for a popular multiscale simulation package MBN Explorer. MBN Studio has been developed to facilitate setting up and ...starting MBN Explorer calculations, monitoring their progress and examining the calculation results. It is tailored for any calculations that are supported by MBN Explorer, such as for example the single-point energy calculations, structure optimization, molecular dynamics, and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. Apart from that MBN Studio has built-in tools allowing the calculation and analysis of specific characteristics that are determined by the output of the simulations, such as the diffusion coefficients of molecular species, melting temperatures and associated heat capacities, radial distribution function; a dedicated modeling plug-in allows constructing molecular systems in a quick and efficient manner. Employing this plug-in, one can easily construct molecular systems of different geometries (e.g., spherical or ellipsoidal nanoparticles, cubic crystalline samples) with various atomic composition. The paper presents the first public release of MBN Studio and provides an overview of its significant capabilities, as well as the reference point for further extensions.
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•A graphical user interface for multiscale simulations developed.•A direct setup of simulations with the popular MBN Explorer software now possible.•MBN Studio permits constructing molecular structures of varied complexity.•Comprehensive analysis of physical processes made possible through MBN Studio.
Purpose.The main article purpose is to develop and implement the method for identifying the correspondence between the text and the program algorithm represented in the form of a flowchart. As part ...of the method work conversion of the input data in the graph representation is performed by means of constructive-synthesizing modelling. Methodology. To compare the program text and flowchart, we constructed a mathematical model for converting the program code into a graphical representation on the basis of control structures. To build the model, the apparatus of constructive-synthesizing modeling and its methods were used: specialization, concretization, interpretation and implementation. The graph representation of the text is created taking into account the control operators; the flowcharts are created using a json file containing the description of the diagram elements and their links. To compare the graphs we use the breadth-first search algorithm with the number of identical vertices being counted. To obtain the software implementation of the developed method and models we used the technology of object-oriented programming and CASE-technologies, which are based on the unified modeling language UML. Findings A method is proposed to present the text and the flowchart of the program in a uniform format of the directed graph (control graph) and to evaluate their correspondence by the number of identical vertices. For its formalization and automated usage, we developed constructive-synthesizing models of input data transformers. The program application was developed based on the models and the method. Originality. The methods of constructive-synthesizing modeling in the tasks of processing texts written in artificial languages were further developed. We developed the system of constructors, which transforms text program in C++ into a control graph. Practical value. The results are significant for solving such tasks as assembling program texts for borrowings detection, determining the correspondence of the program algorithms and their software implementations to improve coding skills. The graph representation produced by the developed system of constructors can be used for investigation of influence of optimization and code refactoring on the program complexity using McCabe's metrics.
Мета. Основною метою статті є розробка та програмна реалізація методу визначення відповідності тексту алгоритму програми, представленого у вигляді блок-схеми. Методика. Для зіставлення тексту програми та блок-схеми побудовано математичну модель їх перетворювачів у графове представлення з використанням апарату конструктивно-продукційного моделювання та його методів: спеціалізації, конкретизації, інтерпретації та реалізації. Графове представлення (графи) тексту будується з урахуванням операторів керування, блок-схеми – за json-файлом, що містить опис елементів схеми та їх зв’язків. Для порівняння графів застосовано метод пошуку в ширину з підрахунком кількості однакових вершин. Для програмної реалізації розробленого методу й моделей була застосована технологія об’єктно-орієнтованого програмування та CASE-технології, в основі яких лежить уніфікована мова моделювання UML. Результати. Запропоновано метод, що дозволяє представити текст та блок-схему програми в єдиному форматі орієнтованого графа (графа керування) та виконати оцінку їх відповідності за кількістю однакових вершин. Для його формалізації та автоматизованого використання розроблено конструктивно-продукційні моделі перетворювачів вхідних даних. На основі моделей та методу створено програмний додаток. Наукова новизна. Отримали подальший розвиток методи конструктивно-продукційного моделювання в задачах обробки текстів, написаних штучними мовами. Побудована система конструкторів, що виконує перетворення тексту програм мовою С++ у граф керування. Практична значимість. Результати роботи мають значення для розв’язання таких задач, як зіставлення текстів програм із метою виявлення запозичень, визначення відповідності алгоритмів програм їх програмним реалізаціям із метою поліпшення навичок кодування. Графове представлення, яке продукує розроблена система конструкторів, може бути застосоване для дослідження впливу оптимізації та рефакторингу коду на складність програм із використанням метрик МакКейба.
Abstract
Erasure is fundamental for information processing. It is also key in connecting information theory and thermodynamics, as it is a logically irreversible task. We provide a new angle on this ...connection, noting that there may be an additional cost to erasure, that is not captured by standard results such as Landauer’s principle. To make this point we use a model of irreversibility based on constructor theory—a recently proposed generalization of the quantum theory of computation. The model uses a machine called the ‘quantum homogenizer’, which has the ability to approximately realise the transformation of a qubit from any state to any other state and remain approximately unchanged, through overall entirely unitary interactions. We argue that when performing erasure via quantum homogenization there is an additional cost to performing the erasure step of the Szilard’s engine, because it is more difficult to reliably produce pure states in a cycle than to produce maximally mixed states. We also discuss the implications of this result for the cost of erasure in more general terms.
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