Legislation pertaining to consumer rights is required since consumers continue to face disadvantages in the fields of commerce, education, and negotiation. The adoption of Law No. 8 of 1999 protects ...consumers, which is a wise decision. National development theories serve as the foundation for this government-community partnership. This study looks at how Customer Protection Law No. 8 of 1999 handles the duties and rights of consumers in the food business. Legal normative research is being done here. The information was supplied by the Consumer Protection Law No. 8 of 1999 and the Food and Medicine Administration Safety and Modernization Law No. 18 of 2012. This study demonstrates that distributors of food and drink in Indonesia will have legal guarantees and protection. Maintain good standards for food and drink. To help customers make purchasing decisions, producers and distributors must clearly label all items that are offered. This rule aids purchasers in making informed decisions. Although the producer provided the information that consumers needed, some of them chose not to read it. Given that certain manufacturers may still fail to pay attention to product information, the Consumer Protection Law No. 8 of 1999 can still be necessary. Customers should be more watchful while purchasing, and producers should be more knowledgeable about product details.
Video games are becoming increasingly monetized with the addition of in-game purchasing options, which has prompted some comparisons of these products to electronic gaming machines. The expansion and ...sophistication of ‘microtransaction’ options in online games (e.g., ‘loot boxes’) has also led to concerns about vulnerable users (e.g., adolescents) overspending on these schemes. Currently, there are limited regulatory and/or consumer protection frameworks for video game monetization schemes. This conceptual paper explores some potential social responsibility measures for monetized gaming products to stimulate further discussion and developments in this area. Loot boxes are a focus of this discussion given the current debate on their legality, i.e., similarity to electronic gambling machines. Drawing on social responsibility principles and research in the field of gambling studies, we outline some potential measures in the areas of: (1) game design and in-game purchasing system characteristics, (2) transparency and accuracy of game design and features, (3) broad consumer protection measures, and (4) consumer information and industry accountability. It is hoped that this paper will encourage further discussion among academics, regulators, and the industry. An empirical evidence base is needed to inform the design and implementation of countermeasures for monetization schemes that increase risk of gaming-related harm for some users.
The financial well-being (FWB) of individuals is a topic that is becoming increasingly important across a multitude of disciplines. In this study, we use the 2016 National Financial Well-Being Survey ...administered by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau to assess the determinants of an individual's FWB. We identify 144 potential covariates that could explain variation in the FWB score of individuals. The statistical methodology of choice is the Bayesian LASSO, which is a covariate selection algorithm that also allows for the importance ranking of covariates. Out of the 144 potential covariates, we find that 26 have 95% credible intervals that do not contain zero. Broadly speaking, the results show that objective measures of financial competency and psychological and sociological factors contribute the bulk of the explanatory power that help explain an individual's FWB score.
Technological shifts within the video game industry have enabled many games to evolve into platforms for repeated expenditure, rather than a one-time purchase product. Monetising a game as a service ...is challenging, and there is concern that some monetisation strategies may constitute unfair or exploitative practices which are not adequately covered by existing law. We asked 1104 players of video games to describe a time when they had been exposed to transactions which were perceived to be misleading, aggressive or unfair. We found 35 separate techniques over eight domains:
game dynamics designed to drive spending, product not meeting expectations, monetisation of basic quality of life, predatory advertising, in-game currency, pay to win, general presence of microtransactions
and
other
. Notably, several of these reported practices seem to not align with existing UK consumer protection regulations. We discuss this potential misalignment, as well as the implications of identifying what players believe to be problematic monetisation techniques.
Transportation business activities are often used by many people, and more and more times there are conflicts between sellers and buyers regarding cooperation in travel agency transactions related to ...promotions that are carried out online but are not in accordance with reality. To find out the implementation of Law No. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection (UUPK) related to business. And to find out the factors that influence the effectiveness of UUPK. The research method, namely normative juridical. The research approach is quantitative, data analysis techniques are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results of the research, that UUPK and UU no. 11 of 2008 concerning electronic information and transactions (UUITE) so that consumers can freely give their opinions. come to the LPKSM office for consultation. If the consumer gives power of attorney to LPKSM, LPKSM then makes a power of attorney which is signed and approved by the LPKSM consumer, an action that is carried out first with family efforts. Factors that influence the effectiveness of UUPK namely; The government is less responsive to community developments in electronic transactions, there are no regulations that technically provide protection to consumers against online transactions, business actors and consumers do not understand their rights and obligations. The conclusion from this study, LPKSM as an extension of the government has been active but there are no policies that technically regulate and protect consumers in electronic transactions, the factors that influence the effectiveness of the UUPK are the government which is less responsive, ignorance of consumers and business actors regarding their rights and obligations.
Advanced technology, Big data, and complex AI/ML algorithms have provided benefits to both consumers and lenders. Fintech has a potential to disrupt and to create new types of risk.
Regulators around ...the globe are working diligently and thoughtfully to provide consumer protection and to maintain financial stability while at the same time to create an environment for safe Fintech innovations.
We explore dynamics of limited attention in the $35 billion market for checking overdrafts, using survey content as shocks to the salience of overdraft fees. Conditional on selection into surveys, ...individuals who face overdraft-related questions are less likely to incur a fee in the survey month. Taking multiple overdraft surveys builds a "stock" of attention that reduces overdrafts for up to two years. The effects are significant among consumers with lower education and financial literacy. Individuals avoid overdrafts by making fewer low-balance debit transactions and cancelling automatic recurring withdrawals. The results raise new questions about consumer financial protection policy.
Consumer protection is an integral part of healthy business activities. Default is one of the parties to the agreement which constitutes negligence to meet the conditions set forth in an agreement. ...This research aims to find out the form of responsibility of businesses for consumer losses due to default and a form of consumer protection for consumer losses due to default. The method of this research is an empirical legal research method or empirical juridical, which is where this empirical law research discusses how the law can operate in society (ius operatum). The results of the study explained that the Consumer Protection Act No. 8 of 1999 already has provided good protection to consumers. This is evident from its wide material coverage and provides maximum protection for consumers. One of them is by regulating the responsibility of businesses to losses experienced by consumers from the sale or transaction. The conclusion of this study shows that the responsibility of businesses for consumer losses due to default under Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection can be done by continuing/canceling the agreement and indemnifying losses incurred as a result of the default. It is in accordance with the positive law that applies in Indonesia namely that a consumer if harmed in consuming goods or services, can sue the party that caused the loss. With the qualification of a default lawsuit or an act against the law.
Around 70 percent of deaths in Indonesia are non-communicable diseases (NCDs) due to excessive consumption of sugar, salt, and fat. This study aims to determine consumer protection over sugar, salt, ...and fat information access. This research used a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected in March 2022 through Focus Group Discussions with informants from regulators, business associations, and consumer protection activists, as well as field observations in South Tangerang City and Semarang. The sampling method used was purposive sampling. Government regulations, business compliance, and supervision influence consumer rights to access sugar, salt, and fat information. Government regulations are still limited, and there needs to be an explanation of the implementation and standards. Many modern and traditional retailers still need to include information about sugar, salt, and fat, as well as health messages, in their product packaging. The government needs to intensify socialization and educate business actors regarding the obligation to include nutritional value information and health messages. Consumers also need to be educated about the dangers of excessive sugar, salt, and fat consumption and the nutritional literacy of their products.
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