Who is most responsible for the proliferation of counterfeit goods-the illicit purveyor of such products or the consumer who procures them? This paper seeks to address this question by presenting a ...behavior analysis of counterfeit marketing firms in China and the interdependent relationships between legitimate retailers, consumers, and the authorities who populate these competitive environments. This is achieved via an operant interpretation of these key agents and the network of contingent relationships in operation. The results suggest that purveyors of pirate products function as "bad competitors" in the marketplace according to normative business behaviors-behaviors that are amenable to analysis in behavioral terms.
Introduction Chaudhry, Peggy
The Economics of Counterfeit Trade,
12/2008
Book Chapter
The desire to own a prestigious brand seems to have spread across the world. But multiple factors conspire to prevent most consumers from acquiring a real Prada handbag or Rolex watch. Many search ...for black-market vendors in places like Chinatown in New York City, venturing like Toth (2007) down dodgy alleys into dingy basements to find fakes at nearly unbelievable prices.
Selecting the best keywords for your campaign is only the first step. Getting users to click your ad and convert are the essential next steps. Finding the right message that attracts the attention of ...your audience is an important piece of a successful campaign, as is addressing your audience’s questions and needs with well-crafted landing pages.
Consumers can take many different roles in counterfeit trade. They may buy counterfeit goods knowingly or in the belief that they are purchasing genuine products, they may try to ensure obtaining ...only original articles or invest considerable effort in acquiring less expensive fakes, and they can even become actively engaged in selling illicit products themselves. In fact, understanding their multifaceted roles is essential for evaluating the implications of counterfeit trade and for developing effective consumer information programs.
The following chapter aims to provide the essential insights into consumer behavior in markets where counterfeit products are available. We investigate the awareness and the willingness to purchase such goods, and we analyze the motives of those who intentionally buy fakes. The survey-based findings enable licit manufacturers to assess counterfeit-related risks for specific product categories and help to identify those buyers who are likely to intentionally purchase illicit goods, thus showing where relying on the consumers’ help is or is not expedient. Furthermore, the investigation of consumers’ reasoning for and against intentional purchases of fakes helps to find arguments to effectively influence public opinion on counterfeit trade. The empirical data also allows conclusions to be drawn on whether counterfeit consumers and consumers who do not purchase illicit goods form two distinct groups, or whether and to what extent both groups overlap, thus helping to develop a better understanding of alternative buying behavior and substitution effects.
This chapter is designed to provide a synopsis of the latest government policymakers’ tactics designed to battle counterfeiters. The question of whether the STOP! Program in the United States, the ...novel directive in the EU on enforcement, and the imminent tactics of both the US and the EU targeted at “third countries” will reduce fakes is a matter for future assessment. However, previous studies have already established that enforcement of any type of government and/or multilateral agency sponsored anti-counterfeiting strategy remains a leading concern in the continuing battle to reduce the proliferation of fake goods
In Part A we outlined the characteristics of the counterfeit market with a focus on both supply and demand of illicit goods. These analyses were essential to obtain a better understanding of the ...different illicit business models, the corresponding production and distribution strategies and the role of the consumers. They also allowed us to identify the strengths and weaknesses of counterfeit actors and the drivers and enablers of counterfeit demand. In Chapter 4 we described current best practice with respect to brand- and product-protection from a company’s perspective. Chapter 5 now combines the market insights with knowledge of state-of-the-art countermeasures. We describe how to design and implement effective monitoring, reaction, and prevention processes and outline how an adequate organizational structure of a brand- and product-protection program can look.
The purpose of this study is to find the genealogy of counterfeit goods from the Indonesian experience. This study uses genealogy as a method for understanding discourse, whether it is written in the ...library or spoken in terms of proverbs, words of wisdom, or social praxis that has become local wisdom. The genealogy of counterfeit goods in Indonesia was inseparable from the historical roots of global capitalism which were embedded through Auteurswet 1912. The term counterfeit goods is related to copyright and intellectual property rights in positive law vis a vis local wisdom and the socio-cultural history of indigenous peoples is related to imitative goods.
This research introduces "brand prominence," a construct reflecting the conspicuousness of a brand's mark or logo on a product. The authors propose a taxonomy that assigns consumers to one of four ...groups according to their wealth and need for status, and they demonstrate how each group's preference for conspicuously or inconspicuously branded luxury goods corresponds predictably with their desire to associate or dissociate with members of their own and other groups. Wealthy consumers low in need for status want to associate with their own kind and pay a premium for quiet goods only they can recognize. Wealthy consumers high in need for status use loud luxury goods to signal to the less affluent that they are not one of them. Those who are high in need for status but cannot afford true luxury use loud counterfeits to emulate those they recognize to be wealthy. Field experiments along with analysis of market data (including counterfeits) support the proposed model of status signaling using brand prominence. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
Dupe—slang for duplicate—influencers are individuals who persuade buyers to purchase counterfeits using social media platforms to drive a brand message intended to confer legitimacy on the purchase ...decision. Dupe influencers sell fake luxury goods online to their cadres of followers, who relate to the influencers’ fashion savviness and who trust their judgment of products’ quality. In this article, I provide a synopsis of a case Amazon settled against two dupe influencers who used social media to promote the sale of counterfeit luxury products. I highlight the persistent challenge of luxury counterfeits sold online, the consumer complicity of obtaining luxury fakes, and the problem of discerning a knockoff from a counterfeit product. Dupe influencers leverage trust with their followers and use social media tactics, such as unboxing videos and designer haul promotions, to peddle luxury fakes. Recommendations to combat dupe influencers center on monitoring and working with e-commerce platforms to shut down social media posts that infringe a company’s intellectual property, raising consumer awareness of the illicit activities of counterfeiters through education campaigns, leveraging legitimate social influencers to debunk the dupe influencers, and pursuing legal remedies.
Even in difficult economic times, many consumers consider the social implications of the goods they select and therefore take into account whether those goods carry a luxury brand label—which for ...some will be authentic, for some counterfeit. While previous research has investigated influences on the authentic vs. counterfeit choice, this study adds a third possibility: rejecting both types of luxury brands to show that one has better claims to status than “buying the label.” This study tests a model of three alternative brand type choice processes and finds support for the importance of status considerations in the selection or rejection of luxury brands.
PDF
