This paper offers an analysis of the mission and role of municipalities in the Czech national crisis management system. The paper clarifies the nature of population protection within the national ...security system accentuating resource availability. The significance of local municipal budgets as the baseline to crisis solution support within the administered area is discussed. The problem is not the system of budgets or the budgeting system itself at the level of local government. The key issue, however, is the determination of budget resources, which are primarily predetermined ex ante for the crisis prevention resolution phase. Current legislation does not address this requirement. The authors also point out the fundamental influence of local policy in the allocation of resources in the municipal budget in relation to their political preferences. Therefore, the authors of the article propose the calculation method for the standard minimum amount of financial resources allocated to coping with crises in the municipal budget at their level, as appropriate. The submitted proposal will contribute to guaranteeing a minimum level of preparedness for crisis management in ensuring the safety of all residents.
The need to influence public opinion as well as the need to achieve a certain type of communication with the public is as old as human society. Marketing and advertising rulers of ancient Greece and ...Rome who tried in various ways to gain the support of their citizens are the forerunners of today's public relations experts. Public Relations (PR) could be defined as the management of communications and relations in order to build the company's reputation and mutual understanding between the company and its public. The basic function of public relations is to maintain two-way communication with the environment. It is considered that two-way communication with users is the best method for their motivation, because "conversation" with them contributes to users continuing to express their opinions, since it creates the impression that someone hears what they are saying. A crisis for a certain company is a circumstance in which it is no longer possible to act normally. It endanger the company's ability to function, makes it harder to achieve goals, and affects the very survival of the organization. Even a minor crisis, which at first glance seems to have no dramatic proportions, its negative impact on the organization's image can become so great that it threatens its long-term survival. Unexpectedly poor publicity is associated with the crisis and therefore public relations (PR) is a managerial function, which takes care of establishing and maintaining communication between the organization and the public. The success or failure of the company depends on the management, the management manages the identity and image,and the reputation of the organization, which is also its most valuable asset. In crisis situations, it is important to attract and interest neutral audiences and various target groups, internal and external public, for the activities of the organization, and this can be achieved with a correct relationship with the media. This paper will try to explain the correlation between management and crises that occur in organizations, and how best to deal with them.
Under the conditions of precarious situation, caused by the global pandemic and unprecedented restrictions, aimed at countering it, productivity of specialists in various fields of work is reducing ...significantly. This is particularly true of activities, conducted through direct communication between concerned parties. In order to counter instability, workers have to develop creativity, readiness for changes and tolerance for ambiguity. The goal of research is to establish correlations between the type of professional activity and creativity, readiness for changes and tolerance for ambiguity. The respondents of the study were 260 people of working age –the staff of event, tourism, restaurant business, trade, IT spheres. The research procedure included organizational, target-oriented, empirical, final stages. Time limits of the study – April – July 2020. For psychodiagnostics the article uses the Torrance test of creative thinking, diagnostics of personal creativity by Tunik, the methodology “personal readiness for changes”, the scale of individual’s tolerance for ambiguity by McLain. The study found clear correlations between the indicators of creativity, readiness for changes and tolerance for ambiguity. The original model of a creative specialist (endowed with originality, adaptability, optimism and common sense) in the conditions of changes and uncertainty was formed in the research. The results of psychodiagnostics showed the highest indicators of creativity among IT workers, readiness for changes–among the staff of IT and event spheres, tolerance for ambiguity–among retail workers. In the conditions of pandemic destruction, the workers of the tourism industry were the least creative, while the workers of the event sphere turned out to be unprepared for changes and the workers of the event and tourism industries –intolerant for ambiguity. The results of the study can be used to develop correctional programs to increase the staff’s creativity, readiness for changes, tolerance for ambiguity. It is the development and implementation of effective psycho-correctional programs for the use of real communication and digital tools that are the prospect of further scientific research on the ways to solve the problem.
In the article, a theoretical analysis of the study of crisis states and the methodological foundations of crisis psychotherapy, taking into account foreign and domestic experience, is carried out. ...Based on the results of empirical studies, modern foreign and domestic researchers have established that crisis conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic are accompanied by suicidal reactions, depression, neurotic conditions with post-traumatic stress disorders, exacerbation of psychosomatic diseases, psychopathological disorders.Psychological approaches in psychotherapy together with crisis psycho-psychotherapeutic interventions for working with acute crisis states and crisis psychotherapy of clients in the post-quarantine period are considered.The concepts of a crisis state, the features of the influence of "covid" psychotrauma on the mental and psychological health of a person, and the provision of psychological assistance in crisis situations during the COVID-19 pandemic are described in detail. It is noted that in working with crisis conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic, modern foreign and Ukrainian specialists prefer cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy.At the theoretical and methodological level, it has been proved that psychotherapy of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is close to crisis psychotherapy and is aimed at reintegration of mental activity disturbed by the "conductive" psychotrauma and restoration of psychological adaptation to a certain extent.The psychotherapeutic model of psychological crisis intervention in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is based on a biopsychosocial approach and requires a comprehensive and integrated use of crisis psychotherapy methods with the integration of neuropsychotic methods and Internet technologies into the entire therapy process.
Human-animal bonds, by providing social support, have been shown to improve the health and wellbeing of pet owners, especially those experiencing a crisis situation. The human-animal bond for people ...in crisis situations is complex and multifaceted, as it has shown to improve health, whilst it can also discourage people from seeking help, due to fears of leaving their pet behind. The purpose of the study is to capture and to assess the role of the human-animal bond for people in crisis situations. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with pet owners involved in the RSPCA NSW Community Programs (n = 13) in 2021 and 2022. The findings of the study indicate that the human-animal bond is highly valued by people experiencing crisis situations, that the human-animal bonds can affect people's ability to seek help or refuge, and that the human-animal bond helps people to recover after a crisis. The findings suggest that community crisis support services, prison systems, hospital systems, emergency housing, and government legislation should recognize and aim to preserve this bond to provide the best help for people experiencing crisis situations.
The study focused on the influences of different crises situations on development of business continuity management. Empirical study was conducted in Croatian companies via quantitative research. ...Hypothesized model for development of business continuity management was tested. Crisis situation was measured as a composite variable based on three elements: recovery time period, impact on corporate profits and amount of operations affected by the crisis. Correlation between crisis situations and development of business continuity management indicated that the increase of the risk of a crisis situation will increase the degree of development of business continuity management. Furthermore, strategic and
operational risks influence more on development of business continuity management than natural disasters. Also, unintended risks influence the business continuity management development more than intentional risks. The second part of
the research focused on the influence of likelihood of recurrence of the crisis situation on the development of business continuity management. The relationship between likelihood of crises recurrence and business continuity management
development was not determined. The main contribution of the research lies in modelling business continuity management development related to different crises situations and likelihood of crises recurrence.
Conference report: Ensuring the Operation of the Constitutional Bodies of the Slovak Republic during Crisis Situations: Current Possibilities, Limits and Possible Solutions (Bratislava, 20 April 2022)
The complexity of the current context, accentuated by the global pandemic, has caused substantial changes in educational activity. Precisely, the objective of the work was aimed at assessing, from ...the analysis of bibliographic sources, essential aspects of the current situation of education and the different strategies derived from emerging pedagogies. The methodology was based on bibliographic research, which made it possible to recognize the content of a selection of publications on educational processes. The results reaffirmed that the development of innovative thinking from emerging pedagogies should be reflected in the various strategies within the framework of the teaching process, in order to make possible the readjustment in the operation of educational institutions in the post-pandemic stage. The conclusions summarized basic ideas on the context, emerging pedagogies and strategies for educational institutions to assume their leading role in the transformation of society.
A complexidade do contexto atual, acentuado pela pandemia global, tem provocado mudanças substanciais na atividade educativa. Precisamente, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar, a partir da análise de fontes bibliográficas, aspectos essenciais da situação atual da educação e das diversas estratégias derivadas das pedagogias emergentes. A metodologia foi apoiada por pesquisa bibliográfica, que permitiu reconhecer o conteúdo de uma seleção de publicações sobre processos educativos. Os resultados reafirmaram que o desenvolvimento do pensamento inovador a partir das pedagogias emergentes deve se refletir nas diversas estratégias no âmbito do processo de ensino, para possibilitar a readequação do funcionamento das instituições de ensino na fase pós-pandemia. Nas conclusões, foram sintetizadas ideias básicas sobre o contexto, pedagogias emergentes e estratégias para que as instituições educacionais possam assumir seu papel de protagonistas na transformação da sociedade.
El objetivo de este trabajo se dirige a valorar en el contexto educativo actual, las posibilidades de las pedagogías emergentes, que conducen a la aplicación de diversas estrategias en el proceso docente educativo en este momento de tránsito de la docencia presencial a la semi presencialidad o virtualidad. Una variedad de métodos de la investigación bibliográfica permite el tratamiento indagatorio en torno al tema. En la Introducción se expresan las ideas básicas sobre la complejidad del contexto actual acentuado por la pandemia global por el covid 19, y los cambios en los procesos en las instituciones educativas. En el Desarrollo se abordan aspectos esenciales sobre la Educación en situaciones de crisis y las estrategias desde las pedagogías emergentes. En las conclusiones se resumen ideas básicas como resultado del análisis del tema, vinculando el contexto, las pedagogías emergentes y las estrategias docentes.
The article talks about the personality-oriented approach of postmodern practical psychology to counseling a crisis client. Coping strategies for overcoming a life crisis by a person at the ...cognitive, emotional and behavioral levels are analyzed. Based on the consideration of practical work with crisis clients, algorithms for overcoming a crisis situation in the form of stages and phases of its experience are highlighted. The important role of neuropsychological correction at the first stage of work with the client is emphasized. Theoretical and methodological provisions of postmodern psychotherapy and practical psychology on the features of psychological support of a crisis client, taking into account his personal resource. The variability of the personality as one of its fundamental properties and the psychological mechanism providing a flexible choice of coping strategies, process of adaptation to conditions of crisis situation are considered. It is revealed that in the conditions of overcoming the life crisis there are personal transformations as expression and development of specific personal characteristics and properties. The model of overcoming a life crisis situation by an individual in the context of postmodern practical psychology is presented. In the presented author’s model of overcoming the personal crisis the postmodernist, personality-oriented and phenomenological approaches are applied.
The subject of research was technogenic waste systems formed in the last century due to the activities of presently closed mining enterprises in the Amur River Region and Primorye of the Far Eastern ...Federal District of the Russian Federation. Experimental studies allowed to establish that toxic sulphidized mineral processing waste accumulated for the 20th century in tailings storage facilities (TSF) in large quantities produce negative impact on the environment. It was revealed that their conservation and reclamation were not carried out. However, they pose huge threat not only to the environment, but also to public health. In this regard, the research goal was to assess environmental hazard of the accumulated toxic waste and substantiate the possibility of mitigating their negative impact on biosphere components and human health. Based on the research goal, the following tasks were set: 1) analysis and generalization of the existing experience of studying the problem in Russia and abroad; 2) identification of the main sources of crisis situations at closed mining enterprises, indicators and criteria for as sessing the environmental hazard of the accumulated mineral processing waste; 3) assessment of the environmental hazard of the accumulated mineral processing waste; 4) development of principles and measures aimed at ensuring environmental safety of TSF comprising toxic waste. The following methods were used: physical-chemical, bio logical, as well as mathematical modeling, GIS technologies, etc.Based on the study of the TSF current state, assessment of the level of technogenic environment pollution, and patent search, the authors substantiate the need for effective solution to this problem. It was found that the waste belongs to the second hazard class (highly hazardous). The excess of 4 to 46 times above the regional background indicators (metal concentrations), and more than 200 times above MPC was revealed. It has been proven that the TSF surface does not naturally run wild for 30 years. Patent search and our own experimental research allowed developing measures to ensure environmental safety of sulfidized tin ore processing waste, novelty of which was confirmed by patents of the Russian Federation.
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