U studiji se analizira problem relativnih cijena i tečajne politike kao
determinanti izvora rasta. Izvori rasta se analiziraju u predtranzicijskom razdoblju komparativno sa tranzicijskim razdobljem, ...i to za razvijene zemlje i Hrvatsku. Dezindustrijalizacija se povezuje s politikom intervalutarnog tečaja i stabilizacije. Primjenjena je komparativna metoda uređenih statističkih podataka i grafička analiza. Autor zaključuje da je Hrvatska u
dvanaestogodišnjem razdoblju vodila strategiju razvoja liberalnog tipa, a ne strategiju oporavka i vraćanja stanja što veće uposlenosti nacionalnih resursa, što bi bolje odgovaralo u prvoj fazi tranzicijske strategije.
Officially recorded remittance flows to developing countries are estimated to increase by 6 percent to $325 billion in 2010. This marks a healthy recovery from a 5.5 percent decline registered in ...2009. Remittance flows are expected to increase by 6.2 percent in 2011 and 8.1 percent in 2012, to reach $374 billion by 2012. This outlook for remittance flows, however, is subject to the risks of a fragile global economic recovery, volatile currency and commodity price movements, and rising anti-immigration sentiment in many destination countries. From a medium-term view, three major trends are apparent: (a) a high level of unemployment in the migrant-receiving countries has prompted restrictions on new immigration; (b) the application of mobile phone technology for domestic remittances has failed to spread to cross-border remittances; and (c) developing countries are becoming more aware of the potential for leveraging remittances and diaspora wealth for raising development finance.
The foreign equity effect Schaefer, Klaus
Benefits Canada,
02/2002, Volume:
26, Issue:
2
Trade Publication Article
Increases in the foreign property limit to 25% in 2000 and 30% last year were welcomed by pension plan administrators. An increased allocation to foreign equities requires administrators to confront ...the currency risk of foreign equities on a policy level, as opposed to a strategic or tactical level, which is the fund manager's job. A recent currency study can help administrators with policy development. William M. Mercer Investment Consulting's Survey of Pension Plans On Currency Issues - conducted in 2000 with responses from more than 100 large funds - explores investment beliefs on currency issues relating to pension plans, and looks at how large plans around the globe are addressing currency issues.
The purpose of this paper is to report on the level of access to formal financial services in the Kyrgyz Republic, assess the key obstacles to improving access, and make recommendations to overcome ...these obstacles. The paper is organized as follows. Sections II to IV examine the supply of financial services. Specifically, section II presents a profile of financial intermediation by banks, focusing their supply of financial services, particularly lending and deposits. Section III presents a profile of lending by Aiyl Bank, a specialized bank with a limited license, which is mandated to lend for agriculture. Section IV presents a profile of lending by non-bank financial institutions (NBFIs), including microfinance organizations (MFOs) and credit unions. Section V examines the demand side for financial services, drawing on enterprise surveys to assess firms' perceptions of their access to finance. Section VI presents a brief analysis of the impact of the events of April 2010 on access to finance. Section VII discusses key obstacles in increasing access to finance from banks and NBFIs. Section VIII concludes with policy recommendations that derive from the preceding analysis.
The currency exchange has a huge impact, which is compounded by lead times, specialty pallets, ocean and freight rates. Hector Narvaez, vice president of sales, American Marazzi The reduction in the ...costs of doing business for Italian tile firms is perhaps the greatest benefit for the manufacturer, but in the end the greatest benefit for the industry is the dramatic change at the distributor level. Not only can distributors carry less inventory and turn inventory over faster, the lead time in delivering the products to the point-of-sale is considerably and noticeably reduced.
This book covers the early years of the International Bank of Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), commonly known as the World Bank when it first confronted the issue of development as a ...fundamental part of its mission. The book is mainly concerned with how the Bank interpreted its mission and, more specifically, how its mission was born: what events shaped it, what cultural and ideological background influenced it and what was the historical context in which it arose. So this book is a contribution to the study of the prehistory of development, understood in its social and economic context. In this respect, the study of the early years of the World Bank offers excellent context for observation for three reasons. First, during its history there is a clear separation between the growth phase and the phase of social objectives. Second, in the first years of activity already the Bank could hear murmurs of opposition. Finally, there was a sudden change in the mandate of the institution changed from supporting the reconstruction of Europe after the war, to help developing countries. The transition from one phase to another was a formative one and redefined the institution. The upshot of the foregoing was to set a fertile ground for exploring the signs of conflict between the different approaches to development. The first chapter deals with the historiography that underlies the writing. It refers to a wide literature using periods of transition or crisis in the history of the institution to understand its dynamics and mechanisms. Reducing its support for European reconstruction, the Bank focused on the development of countries. The internal tensions that arose and led to a complete break between the Bank and the director of the mission (the economist Lauchlin Currie) are very useful for understanding better the evolution of the institution. The third chapter explores the tensions between Currie and the Bank and particularly, between Currie and the economist Albert Hirschman, who the Bank replaced as envoy to Colombia. The final chapter focuses again on the International Bank and particularly in lending mechanisms for developing countries.
TORONTO (CP) - Most small investors aren't giving in to panic and selling their holdings despite fierce market gyrations in the runup to the Quebec referendum, say money managers. But it seems ...they're not buying either, at least when it comes to Canada Savings Bonds. "Customers are sitting and waiting," Harriet Shenker, assistant vice-president of term services at Canada Trust, said Tuesday. "They're uncertain about what to do so they're doing nothing." She said sales of CSBs at the trust company are way down so far this year to about $20 million. "At this time last year we would have been in the hundreds of millions." A spokeswoman for Bank of Montreal said sales of savings bonds there are down by half from last year with only a week to go in this year's campaign. The bonds are offering interest rates of 5.25 per cent in the first year, and investors may be holding out in hopes interest rates will move higher due to referendum volatility.
Credit cards are the payment method of choice overseas. There are additional foreign conversion charges that a credit card company and bank could be issuing on a person's bill that may not have been ...noticed. Some credit card issuers charge 1% to 4% commission for foreign currency conversion when customers use their card. Overseas refunds also experience foreign conversion fees - twice. Shop around when choosing a credit card to avoid the hassle of the foreign currency conversion fee. Aside from the fees, credit cards are still more practical to use than any other form of payment.
Somalia has lacked a recognized government since 1991-an unusually long time. In extremely difficult conditions the private sector has demonstrated its much-vaunted capability to make do. To cope ...with the absence of the rule of law, private enterprises have been using foreign jurisdictions or institutions to help with some tasks, operating within networks of trust to strengthen property rights, and simplifying transactions until they require neither. Somalia's private sector experience suggests that it may be easier than is commonly thought for basic systems of finance and some infrastructure services to function where government is extremely weak or absent.
The proliferation of tainted currency as Europe prepares to convert to the euro is discussed. Some experts believe that conversion of illicit cash to dollars is one reason for the bafffling weakness ...of the euro.
