This study examines the antecedents of destination loyalty and its relation to destination image, consumer travel experience, and destination satisfaction in the tourism context. This study raises ...important questions concerning how destination image, consumer travel experience, and destination satisfaction affect destination loyalty. This research attempts to identify three key antecedents of loyalty in the tourism context. The study empirically tests predicted relationships by using personal interview data from 475 foreign tourists. The conceptual model investigates the relevant relationships among the research constructs by using fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. Findings from the research sample support the argument that destination image, consumer travel experience, destination satisfaction are the key determinants of destination loyalty. Furthermore, destination image and consumer travel experience influence destination satisfaction. The study also discusses theoretical and managerial implications of research findings for marketing the tourism products globally.
The current study develops a theoretical model of the effect of memorable tourism experiences (MTEs) on behavioral intentions by examining the structural relationships between destination image (DI), ...tourist satisfaction, revisit intention, and word-of-mouth (WOM) publicity. The results show that MTEs influence future behavioral intentions both directly and indirectly through DI and tourist satisfaction. Moreover, MTEs are found to be the most influential determinant of behavioral intentions. Thus, the results challenge those practitioners and researchers who perceive visitor satisfaction to be the most important indicator of destination performance. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed based on the study results, and directions for future research are provided.
The aim of this paper is to develop and empirically validate a model which explains the different factors which form the post-visit image of a destination. Based on a literature review, this will ...involve analyzing the relationship between the different components of the perceived image and the factors which influence its formation. These include both sources of information (primary and secondary) and stimuli influencing the forming of perceptions and evaluations of destinations pre- and post-visit, respectively, and motivation, accumulated touristic experiences and sociodemographic characteristics.
Les facteurs qui influencent l’image des destinations. Le propos de cet article est de développer et de valider empiriquement un modèle qui explique les différents facteurs qui forment l’image d’une destination après la visite. En se basant sur un bilan de la litérature, on analyse la relation entre les différents éléments de l’image perçue et les facteurs qui influencent sa formation. Ces facteurs comprennent les sources d’information (de nature primaire ou secondaire) et les impulsions qui influencent la formation des perceptions et d≐s évaluations des destinations avant et après la visite, respectivement, et les caractéristiques sociodémographiques et celles de la motivation et des experiences touristiques accumulées.
Today, communication is a key factor of destination competitiveness. The aim of the present study is to examine the effect of message consistency between different online communication tools on the ...formation of consumer-based destination brand equity (CBDBE), within two distinct brand positioning strategies (single-destination brand vs. multiple-destination brands). An experimental design is applied to manipulate message consistency (high vs. low) and the type of brand positioning strategy implemented by the destination (single vs. multiple brands). The results demonstrate that when the messages received by the tourist are highly consistent across different channels, branding strategy type exerts no differential effect on CBDBE. By contrast, when the messages present low consistency, a single destination branding strategy generates higher CBDBE than a multiple destination branding strategy. The study makes an original contribution to the literature, showing the interaction between destination branding strategy type and degree of consistency in the messages received by the tourist.
The presence or absence of differences in the perceptions of previous visitors and non-visitors toward a destination is important to tourist theorists and practitioners. Destination familiarity, ...destination image, and future visit intention are suitable marketing variables for investigations into these two groups. Destination familiarity has been defined in many different ways. Adding to the complexity, related concepts, such as awareness, knowledge, experience, and expertise, have, in one way or another, been used in combination with familiarity. There is also inconsistency in whether familiarity is a unidimensional or multidimensional construct. Considering previous studies, Prentice (2004) provided an interrelated seven-dimension familiarity construct. Taking into account previous familiarity and familiarity-related studies and setting experiential familiarity as a moderator, this study aims to achieve a deeper understanding of familiarity by examining how Prentice's familiarity dimensions are interrelated, as well as to gain insights into the structural relationships among familiarity, destination image, and future visit intention via the comparison of previous visitors and non-visitors. Hong Kong was selected as the tourist destination, and the partial least squares method was applied to analyze 493 surveys collected from residents in Taiwan. The findings provide a range of academic and practical implications. In this light, certain previous findings may have to be reconsidered. The present work indicates the importance of experience as a criterion for segmenting consumers, and it demonstrates the usefulness of a critical examination of non-visitors. This study offers numerous suggestions regarding how destination marketing organizations can formulate effective strategies for both previous visitors and non-visitors.
•The concept of familiarity is defined, operationalized and used in various ways.•Considers relationships among different destination familiarity dimensions.•Showes relationships among familiarity, destination image and visit intention.•Reveals the different effects of informational and educational familiarity.•Shows the showed importance of experiential familiarity dimensions as criteria to segment visitors.
Egypt depends on tourism as a major contributor in its GDP. With the emerging role of social media in shaping consumer intentions, numerous research is still needed to help Egyptian destinations ...employ new media to affect tourists’ intentions to visit Egypt and its emerging destinations such as El Fayoum. This research aims to investigate the relationship between content and source of Instagram posts, and El Fayoum destination perception and visiting intention. Quantitative research was conducted through collecting and analysing 482 online surveys from Instagram users. Results revealed that credibility and quality of content influence destination perception and visiting intention. Content valence influences destination perception but not visiting intention. Trusting the source, their expertise and attractiveness influence destination perception and visiting intention. Destination perception mediation effect varied between source and visiting intention. This research contributes to tourism marketing literature by investigating interrelationships between content and source of the Instagram posts, destination perception and visiting intention as those research constructs that were previously neglected for destinations such as El Fayoum. Our findings are expected to aid decision makers in tourism marketing in Egypt especially El Fayoum.
This paper reviews the literature on tourism destination competitiveness from different aspects, focusing on comparative and competitive advantages. Also, the paper highlights the importance of ...information and communication technologies (ICTs) in tourism destinations and their increasing impact on the achievement of destination competitiveness. Thanks to the wider application of ICTs in tourism, tourists nowadays are well informed and have access to global market which creates a new dynamic environment by creating a smart demand. Since smartness emphasizes on ICT-based tools, including smartness integration for value co-creation, it can increase and enhance destination competitiveness. In this regard, special emphasis is placed on exploring the core components of smartness and smart tourism destination.
People nowadays travel to a destination and then become a source of information about that destination. This study concentrated on the information-sharing behavior of individuals regarding ...destinations within the context of online brand advocacy. This study aims to investigate online brand advocacy behavior and provide an explanation for it using individual assessments of destination management, brand experience, and satisfaction. Using Amazon's Mechanical Turk, 657 participants were contacted online. Using partial least squares-structural equation modeling, the data were analyzed. The effects of destination management, destination brand experience, and destination satisfaction on online brand advocacy were empirically validated by the findings. The findings have significant implications for destination managers seeking to develop strong destination identities, as well as for tourism research, as they provide a novel method for examining destination branding.
Purpose Mianzi can powerfully influence tourists’ behavior. Compared with product brands, destination brands are more multidimensional, consisting of intangible and tangible elements. Therefore, this ...paper aims to explore the relationships among the Chinese culture-related variable mianzi, destination product quality, destination service quality, destination brand value, destination brand resonance, destination brand self-congruity and destination overall brand equity. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire survey was conducted in 2021, yielding 475 valid responses from tourists who had traveled to Hainan, China. Data was analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings The results showed that mianzi plays a significant role in shopping destination brand equity, and the mianzi effect shapes tourists’ positive perceptions of destination product and service quality. Meanwhile, destination product quality and service quality enhance shopping destinations’ overall brand equity through destination brand value, brand resonance and brand self-congruity. Originality/value This study, focusing on shopping destinations, presents a novel view of brand equity. The research also uncovers influencing factors (e.g. product quality and service quality) that further enrich the destination brand equity model. Finally, findings offer valuable insights for academic research and the practical development of shopping destinations.
购物目的地品牌资产和服务质量 摘要 目的 面子能有力地影响游客的行为。与产品品牌相比, 目的地品牌更加多维, 由无形要素和有形要素构成。因此, 本文旨在探讨与中国文化相关的变量面子、目的地产品质量、目的地服务质量、目的地品牌价值、目的地品牌共鸣、目的地品牌自我一致和目的地整体品牌资产之间的关系。 设计/方法/步骤 2021年对去过中国海南旅游的游客进行问卷调查, 最终获取了 475 份有效问卷。 研究结果 果表明, 结果表明面子在购物目的地品牌资产中发挥着重要作用, 面子效应塑造了游客对目的地产品和服务质量的积极认知。同时, 目的地产品质量和服务质量通过目的地品牌价值、品牌共鸣和品牌自我一致提升了购物目的地的整体品牌资产。 原创性 本研究以购物目的地为重点, 提出了一种新颖的品牌资产观点。研究还发现了一些影响因素（如产品质量和服务质量）, 进一步丰富了目的地品牌资产模型。最后, 研究结果为学术研究和购物目的地的实际发展提供了宝贵的见解。
Valor de marca de los destinos comerciales y calidad de los servicios Propósito Mianzi puede influir poderosamente en el comportamiento de los turistas. En comparación con las marcas de producto, las marcas de destino son más multidimensionales y constan de elementos intangibles y tangibles. Por lo tanto, este artículo pretende explorar las relaciones entre la variable mianzi relacionada con la cultura china, la calidad del producto del destino, la calidad del servicio del destino, el valor de la marca del destino, la resonancia de la marca del destino, la autocongruencia de la marca del destino y el valor general de la marca del destino. Diseño/metodología/enfoque En 2021 se llevó a cabo una encuesta por cuestionario, que arrojó 475 respuestas válidas de turistas que habían viajado a Hainan, China. Los datos se analizaron mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Conclusiones Los resultados mostraron que el mianzi desempeña un papel significativo en el valor de marca de los destinos de compras, y que el efecto mianzi determina las percepciones positivas de los turistas sobre la calidad de los productos y servicios del destino. Por su parte, la calidad de los productos y servicios del destino mejora el valor de marca global de los destinos de compras a través del valor de marca del destino, la resonancia de la marca y la autocongruencia de la marca. Originalidad Este estudio, centrado en los destinos de compras, presenta una visión novedosa del valor de marca. La investigación también descubre factores influyentes (por ejemplo, la calidad del producto y la calidad del servicio) que enriquecen aún más el modelo de valor de marca del destino. Por último, los resultados ofrecen valiosas perspectivas para la investigación académica y el desarrollo práctico de los destinos de compras.
Tourism has been negatively impacted by the global COVID-19 pandemic, making it even more important for tourist destinations to focus on their brand equity from the perspective of their ...customers-visitors. The aim of this paper is therefore to verify and modify the model of customer-based brand equity for a tourism destination (CBBETD) and its attributes for the destination of Croatia from the perspective of Czech tourists, among whom primary research was conducted using the CAWI method (n = 451). The main CBBE dimensions were extracted using factor analysis and a model with four dimensions (awareness, image, quality and loyalty) was created. The identified attributes explain between 55% and 82% of the variability of a given dimension. Although the study's results follow the published models of CBBETD, the attributes in each dimension and the subdimension in the image dimension reflect the specificities of the destination of Croatia. Thus, the results of this paper extend the economic theory with another model and are also applicable in the field of destination management.
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