Percepcija je javnosti da su državni službenici neučinkoviti, spori i korumpirani, što je teško pobiti. Poznato je da borba protiv korupcije podrazumijeva upotrebu represivnih sredstava, ali i ...prevenciju. Jedan je od alata prevencije korupcije donošenje i primjena Etičkih kodeksa u tijelima državne uprave, ali jednako tako u jedinicama lokalne i regionalne samouprave i općenito javnom sektoru. U svim državnim tijelima imenovani su povjerenici za etiku. Povjerenici prate primjenu Etičkog kodeksa državnih službenika, promiču etičko ponašanje u međusobnim odnosima službenika te odnosima službenika prema građanima, zaprimaju pritužbe na neetično ponašanje i postupanje službenika, provode postupak ispitivanja osnovanosti pritužbi te vode evidenciju o zaprimljenim pritužbama. U radu su korišteni materijali objavljeni na mrežnim stranicama Ministarstva pravosuđa i uprave. Rad daje odgovore na dva pitanja: 1. Je li primjenom Etičkog kodeksa državnih službenika smanjen broj pritužbi na rad i ponašanje državnih službenika u promatranom razdoblju, od 2018. do 2022. godine? 2. Je li u razdoblju od 2018. do 2022. godine povećan ili smanjen broj kazni za neetično ponašanje?
The public perceives government officials as being ineffective, slow and corrupted, which can hardly be refuted. The fight against corruption is known to entail the use of repressive measures, but also prevention. One of the tools for preventing corruption is the adoption and implementation of Codes of Ethics in the public administration, but also in local and regional self-government bodies and the public sector in general. Ethics commissioners are appointed in all bodies of public administration. They monitor the implementation of the Code of Ethics for Civil Servants, promote ethical conduct in mutual relations of the civil servants and relations between civil servants and citizens. They receive complaints against unethical conduct and officials’ actions, conduct the proceedings of examining the merit of complaints and keep records on the received complaints. In this paper, we used data published on the web pages of the Ministry of Justice and Public Administration. The paper provides answers to two questions: 1. Did the implementation of the Code of Ethics for Civil Servants reduce the number of complaints against the performance and conduct of civil servants in the observed period, from 2018 to 2022?; 2. Did the number of sanctions for unethical conduct increase or decrease in the period from 2018 to 2022?
Polazište i okvir ovog rada je određenje zajedničkog cilj državne uprave, odnosno javne uprave (koja u širem smislu obuhvaća državnu upravu, lokalnu i područnu (regionalnu) samoupravu i javne ...službe), koje u najširem smislu imaju za cilj „zadovoljavanje općih interesa i javnih potreba“, pa tako i javnog interesa u području zaštite na radu . U ovome radu piše se o poslovima državne uprave, ustrojstvu državne uprave (pa i u 2023. godini), a posebno o Ministarstvu rada, mirovinskoga sustava, obitelji i socijalne politike (Uprava za rad i zaštitu na radu, istaknuto) i Državnom inspektoratu (područjima inspekcijskih poslova i „sektoru inspekcije rada“), kao i o uredbama o unutrašnjem ustroju tijela državne uprave. Izdvaja se dio sadržaja u radu koji se odnosi na kronološki (razvojni) prikaz tijela državne uprave (njihovo ustrojstvo i djelokrug kroz ministarstva, središnjih državnih ureda i državnih upravnih organizacija u području zaštite na radu od 1990. do 2023. godine). Ustav Republike Hrvatske i zakoni na snazi (kao i oni koji su važili od 1990. godine utvrđuju poslove državne uprave kao uvjetovanih cjelina: provedba državnih politika; neposredna provedba zakona i drugih propisa te izravno primjenjivih propisa Europske unije; inspekcijski nadzori; upravni nadzori; drugi upravni i stručni poslovi državne uprave. Za uspješno funkcioniranje tog sustava bitni su, pored drugih, ustrojstvo državne uprave. To se u ovom radu ističe prikazom ustrojstva nadležnosti tijela državne uprave Republike Hrvatske u području zaštite na radu.
The point and scope of this paper is to determine the common goal of the state administration, local and regional administrations and public services that work to ‘meet public interest and needs’, including occupational safety. Described in the paper are the state administration jobs, its organiza-tion (including in 2023), focusing in particular on the Ministry of Labour, Pension System, Family and Social Policy (Directorate for Labour and Safety at Work), and State Inspectorate, with special focus on the Labour Inspectorate, including the internal organization of the state administration bodies. A separate section addresses the chronology and development of the state administration bodies (their organization and scope through the ministries, central state offices and state administration organizations related to occupational safety from 1990 to 2023. The Constitution of the Republic of Croatia and the acts in force (as well as those valid from 1990 state the competencies of the state administration including the implementation of state policies, implementation of the law and other regulations and the directly implementable EU regulations, inspection, administrative supervision, and other administrative tasks of the state administration. If the system is to function successfully, the organization of the state administration, among other factors, is essential. The paper focuses on the organization of occupational safety under the authority of the various state administration bodies of the Republic of Croatia.
The subjects of this study are the effectiveness of budget innovations in the field budgetary rule making and the role of the government in shaping fiscal policy in a digital economy. The article ...makes a case for new approaches to budget formation, for the enhanced use of budgetary levers to boost socio-economic development in the context of global digitalization. In order to make the influence of social informatization on economic development more effective, the economy has to move to a flat (network) management model. The problems of budget control are analyzed
Predmet ove studije su učinkovitost proračunskih inovacija u izradi proračunskih pravila na terenu i uloga države u oblikovanju fiskalne politike u digitalnoj ekonomiji. U članku se razmatraju novi pristupi oblikovanju proračuna, poboljšano korištenje proračunskih poluga za poticanje socio-ekonomskog razvoja u kontekstu globalne digitalizacije. Kako bi učinak socijalne informatizacije na ekonomski razvoj bio djelotvorniji, gospodarstvo se mora preseliti u model ravnog (mrežnog) upravljanja. Analiziraju se problemi proračunske kontrole.
Većina se znanstvenih istraživanja u području migracije bavi politikama na državnoj, te odnedavno i europskoj razini; stoga se migracijskim i integracijskim politikama rijetko bavimo iz perspektive ...državne uprave na teritoriju. Cilj je ovog rada pokušati nadoknaditi taj zaostatak analizom suvremenoga razvoja, uloga i organizacije dekoncentrirane državne uprave, kao i istraživanjem uloge dekoncentrirane državne uprave u migracijskim i integracijskim politikama u nekoliko europskih zemalja. S vremenom se uloga dekoncentrirane državne uprave promijenila, te se ona više ne bavi implementacijom državnih zakona i izravnim pružanjem usluga, već očuvanjem cjelovitosti teritorijalnih
javnih politika, strateškim planiranjem i koordinacijom različitih teritorijalnih aktera u izvedbi javnih poslova. Zadaća je dekoncentrirane državne uprave osigurati učinkovitu i ujednačenu implementaciju državnih politika na cijelom državnom teritoriju. Ta je uloga iznimno važna u području migracije i integracije jer su pripadajuće politike obično osmišljene na razini središnje vlasti, no provode ih različite razine javne uprave pa tako i lokalna samouprava. Istraživanje je pokazalo sve veću važnost dekoncentrirane državne uprave u
području migracije i integracije. U šest analiziranih država dekoncentrirana je državna uprava preuzela znatnu ulogu u migracijskim politikama, a ta se uloga pokazala implementacijskom ili koordinacijski-strateškom bez obzira na različite institucionalne značajke dekoncentrirane državne uprave. U radu se donose argumenti administrativno-tehničke i interesno-političke prirode za šire uvođenje dekoncentrirane državne uprave u migracijske i integracijske politike.
In terms of academic research, the vast majority of papers on migration have focused on state-level and more recently on European-level policies, while migration and integration policies have rarely been examined from the perspective of state administration in the territory. This paper attempts to take a step towards filling this gap by analysing the contemporary development, roles, and organisation of deconcentrated state administration, and investigating the role of deconcentrated state administration in migration and integration policies in selected European countries. Over time, the role of deconcentrated state administration has changed from implementing state legislation and direct service provision to safeguarding the cohesion of territorial public policies, strategic planning, and coordination of different territorial actors in the performance of public affairs. Deconcentrated state administration should ensure that state policies are implemented
uniformly and efficiently throughout the state territory. This role is very
important in the field of migration and integration, as these policies are usually developed at the level of the central government but implemented at different levels of public administration, including local self-government. Our research has shown that deconcentrated state administration is becoming increasingly important in migration and integration affairs. In the six analysed countries deconcentrated state administration has acquired a substantial role in migration policies. It is either more implementing or coordinative–strategic in nature, independently of its different institutional characteristics. Based on the arguments presented in the paper, it is argued that there are administrative–technical and interest–political reasons for the broader inclusion of deconcentrated state administration in migration and integration policies.
U povodu prestanka rada ureda državne uprave u županijama od 1. siječnja 2020. (dalje u tekstu: uredi) u radu se pokušava utvrditi koju su ulogu te upravne organizacije ostvarivale u hrvatskome ...upravno-političkom sustavu. Njihova uloga utvrđuje se pravnom analizom sektorskih zakona kojima je središnja državna vlast uredima dodjeljivala javne poslove tijekom razvoja upravljanja u hrvatskim teritorijalnim jedinicama. Osim utvrđivanja uloge ureda, na temelju provedene analize mijenjanja djelokruga ureda tijekom vremena raspravlja se o
tome u kojoj je mjeri institucijski razvoj ureda pratio europske trendove, kakav je bio odnos ureda sa središnjim tijelima državne uprave i ostalim dijelovima dekoncentrirane državne uprave te o opravdanosti prijenosa poslova ureda na tijela županijske uprave. Rad sadržava sustavni pregled zadaća ureda od njihova ustrojavanja do danas.
On the occasion of the county administrative offices abolition from January 1, 2020, the paper aims to analyze what role the administrative organizations played in the Croatian administrative-political system. The role of the offices is determined by the analysis of sectoral laws through which the central state government had assigned public affairs to the county offices during the development of territorial administration in Croatia. In addition to determining the role of the county administrative offices, the paper also discusses the extent to which the institutional development of the offices followed European trends, what the relationship of the offices was with the central state administration bodies and other parts of the deconcentrated state administration, and the justification of the transfer of the public affairs of the offices to the bodies of the county government. The paper contains a systematic overview of the tasks of the county offices since their establishment to the present day.
Performance measurement is a modern managerial instrument used to quantitatively express the outputs and outcomes of certain public organizations. These pieces of information are then used to make ...rational decisions about organization’s future functioning. Performance measurement is a highly advocated instrument whose importance has expanded since the 1980s and it is being used by a growing number of countries. Croatia is presently at the beginning stage of performance measurement implementation. The purpose of the paper is to explain the legal regulation of performance measurement momentarily existing in Croatian state, regional and local administration de lege lata, and to assess the real effect which this regulation has led to. This is done by using the data provided by a number of conducted researches and the review of relevant literature. The purpose of the paper is also to suggest changes for further expansion of performance measurement in Croatian public administration. Methodologically, the paper is based on legal analysis of the regulation in five sectors: financial management and control, state audit, strategic planning, internal organization and civil servants’ status, secondary documents analysis and questionnaire research results.
This paper addresses the problems of implementing quality management systems in state administration bodies. Due to an increasing number of acts and regulations, their implementation has become very ...difficult, resulting in greater costs and dissatisfied clients of the state. Thus, quality management has emerged as one of the solutions to adequately structure state administration management. In the field of modernisation of the administration, only two approaches to quality are being analyzed: total quality management and international standards ISO 9000. This paper aims to examine specific features of quality management in state administration, as well as the possibility of implementing above mentioned approaches in overall reform of state administration activities (ministries, state administrative organization and offices of state administration). In addition, this paper shows the need to change the way state administration in the Republic of Croatia has operated so far, which is necessary for adequate functioning of quality management systems. It stresses the need for greater transparency and work flexibility, as well as depoliticization of state administration. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
Politički savjetnici između politike i uprave Musa, Anamarija
Hrvatska i Komparativna Javna Uprava = Croatia and Comparative Public Administration,
12/2018, Volume:
18, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Open access
Politički savjetnici obilježje su suvremene državne uprave.
Predstavljaju osobe koje temeljem imenovanja prema nedefiniranim kriterijima pružaju savjete ministru ili premijeru u pogledu javnih ...politika, političkih aspekata i koordinacije ili odnosa s javnošću. Dolaze i odlaze s ministrom, a njihov je status u pravilu nejednako reguliran u pojedinim državama, ako je uopće i reguliran. Javljaju se zbog promjena u upravljanju, potrebe za jačanjem koordinacije, vodstva
i strategije kao i odgovora na intenziviranje komunikacija.
Dovode do promjena u odnosu između politike i uprave u državnoj upravi, a osnovne zamjerke i nepovjerenje javnosti proizlaze iz netransparentnosti, izostanka regulacije i nedostatka odgovornosti. U radu se razmatraju razlozi zbog kojih politički savjetnici postaju neizostavan dio ministarskih kabineta, analiziraju se pojam, vrste i funkcije političkih savjetnika te opisuju posljedice i ključni elementi koncepta. Naglašava se važnost uređenja statusa političkih
savjetnika i transparentnosti radi osiguravanja ostvarivanja
javnog interesa i povjerenja javnosti u institucije.
These days political advisors are indispensable to state administration. They are appointed to their positions to advise ministers and the prime minister on public policy, various political aspects and coordination, or on public relations and aspects of communication. Their appointments depend on the minister’s term of office. Political advisors are not part of the civil service and different states take different approaches, if any at all, to regulating their status. The need for political advisors arises in conjunction with changes in management, the need to strengthen coordination, leadership and strategy, as well as the need to address a growing intensity of communication. Political advisors constitute a
new factor in the dynamic between politicians and civil servants, and they bring about changes in the relationship between politics and administration. They generate a mistrust among the general public, due to a lack of transparency and accountability, as well as the fact that, as a rule, their position is governed by specific regulations, if any at all. Conflict of interest, in particular, is a cause for concern. The paper examines the reasons why political advisors may become
key members of ministerial cabinets, analyses the concept of the political advisor and their various types and functions, and describes the consequences and key elements of the concept. Trends in some countries are also included.
Konstruiraju se i analiziraju modeli organizacije obavljanja dekoncentriranih poslova državne uprave na državnom teritoriju: model prenesenog djelokruga, funkcionalno fragmentirani model, personalno ...integrirani model i model organizacijske integracije.1
Kako bi se ispitala analitička vrijednost tih modela, teorijska analiza svakog od modela popraćena je prikazom organizacije obavljanja poslova državne uprave u postsocijalističkim zemljama koje su postale članice Europske unije proširenjima iz 2004. i 2007.
čiji je teritorijalni sustav upravljanja dugo vremena karakterizirala intenzivna prisutnost (dekoncentrirane) državne uprave na teritoriju. Kako je uvjet pristupanja EU-u bilo jačanje lokalnih kapaciteta, očekuje se da će trendovi u institucionalnom razvoju organizacije obavljanja poslova državne uprave na teritoriju u tim zemljama uputiti na narav korelacije između jačanja lokalne samouprave i primijenjenog modela teritorijalne državne uprave. Zaključci se
interpretiraju i u svjetlu razvoja teritorijalne državne uprave
u Republici Hrvatskoj.
The author develops models of how state administration tasks are performed within a particular state: the delegated affairs model, the functionally fragmented model, the personally integrated model, and the organisational integration model. In order to examine their analytical validity, a theoretical description of the models is accompanied by an overview of the territorial state administration in post-socialist countries that became EU members in 2004 and 2007, and which had previously been characterised by a dense network of territorial state administration. The models are differentiated by the level of integration of state bodies within the territorial unit. In the delegated affairs model, there are no state administrative bodies in the territory and administration tasks are carried out by local self-government units. This model is adopted in the Czech Republic. In the functionally fragmented model, state administration tasks are carried out by the territorial administrative units of central state bodies that operate separately in the territory. This model is adopted in Latvia and Lithuania. In the personally integrated model, the central state
has its own representative in the territory (e.g. prefect, governor, voivode, or king’s commissioner), who has certain powers in relation to the territorial administrative units, and thus the territorial units are more or less integrated in performing state administration tasks within the same territorial unit. This model is adopted in the majority of post-socialist countries (Bulgaria, Estonia, Poland, and Romania). In
the organisational integration model, all state administration tasks are performed by a single territorial state body. This model is adopted in Hungary, Slovakia, and Slovenia. Since these countries had to develop local self-government capacities in order to become EU members, it is expected that trends in the institutional development of their territorial state administration might indicate a relationship
between the growth of local capacities and the applied organisational model of territorial state administration. The conclusions are interpreted in the light of the development of territorial state administration in Croatia.
Rad1 obrađuje politički sustav i javnu upravu u Saveznoj Republici Njemačkoj kako bi se prikazalo njezino sadašnje uređenje kao i niz reformi kroz koje je prošla. Tako se prikazuje povijesni razvoj, ...počevši od 18. stoljeća pa do današnjih dana. Prikazuje se političko-ustavno uređenje zemlje, što uključuju prikaz Bundestaga i Bundesrata, savezne vlade i predsjednika te organizaciju centra vlade. U kontekstu političke upravne i financijske decentralizacije prikazuje se i trenutačno teritorijalno uređenje zemlje. Kroz prikaz
funkcionalne decentralizacije objašnjavaju se faze reforme kroz koje je Njemačka prošla, od eksperimentiranja s privatizacijom do ponovne remunicipalizacije. Kroz prikaz nacionalne uprave objašnjavaju se ustrojstvo njemačke savezne uprave, unutarnja i vanjska kontrola nad radom uprave, unutarupravna koordinacija te odnos građana i uprave. Prikaz uređenja službeničkog sustava pokazuje temeljna načela weberijanske uprave koja su još uvijek očuvana, dok prikaz reformi javne uprave daje osvrt na menadžerske reforme javne uprave, uvođenje neposrednog izbora načelnika
i teritorijalne reforme lokalne samouprave.
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