Sex, smoking, and social stratification are three very different social phenomena. And yet, argues sociologist Randall Collins, they and much else in our social lives are driven by a common force: ...interaction rituals.Interaction Ritual Chainsis a major work of sociological theory that attempts to develop a "radical microsociology." It proposes that successful rituals create symbols of group membership and pump up individuals with emotional energy, while failed rituals drain emotional energy. Each person flows from situation to situation, drawn to those interactions where their cultural capital gives them the best emotional energy payoff. Thinking, too, can be explained by the internalization of conversations within the flow of situations; individual selves are thoroughly and continually social, constructed from the outside in.
The first half ofInteraction Ritual Chainsis based on the classic analyses of Durkheim, Mead, and Goffman and draws on micro-sociological research on conversation, bodily rhythms, emotions, and intellectual creativity. The second half discusses how such activities as sex, smoking, and social stratification are shaped by interaction ritual chains. For example, the book addresses the emotional and symbolic nature of sexual exchanges of all sorts--from hand-holding to masturbation to sexual relationships with prostitutes--while describing the interaction rituals they involve. This book will appeal not only to psychologists, sociologists, and anthropologists, but to those in fields as diverse as human sexuality, religious studies, and literary theory.
Many researchers claim that emotions arise either from human biology (i.e., biological reductionism) or as products of culture (i.e., social constructionism). This book challenges this division ...between the body and culture by showing how human emotions are to a large extent 'constructed' from individuals' embodied experiences in different cultural settings.
This series promotes theory and research in the growing area of occupational stress, health and well being, and in the process, showcases the work of the best researchers and theorists who contribute ...to this area. Furthermore, the series promotes the development of truly path-breaking contributions that significantly advance theory and provide specific directions for future work. Each volume of this series has a specific theme and provides a rich compilation of the insights of the top researchers from a variety of fields concerning what we know about work stress and well being and what the critical gaps are that most need attention for the field to progress. The theme for volume 11 concerns the role of emotion and emotion regulation in job stress and well-being.
Though modern readers no longer believe in the four humors of Galenic naturalism—blood, choler, melancholy, and phlegm—early modern thought found in these bodily fluids key to explaining human ...emotions and behavior. In Humoring the Body, Gail Kern Paster proposes a new way to read the emotions of the early modern stage so that contemporary readers may recover some of the historical particularity in early modern expressions of emotional self-experience. Using notions drawn from humoral medical theory to untangle passages from important moral treatises, medical texts, natural histories, and major plays of Shakespeare and his contemporaries, Paster identifies a historical phenomenology in the language of affect by reconciling the significance of the four humors as the language of embodied emotion. She urges modern readers to resist the influence of post-Cartesian abstraction and the disembodiment of human psychology lest they miss the body-mind connection that still existed for Shakespeare and his contemporaries and constrained them to think differently about how their emotions were embodied in a premodern world.
This volume aims to enrich the current interdisciplinary theoretical discussion of human emo-tions by presenting studies based on extensive linguistic data from a wide range of languages of the ...world. Each language- specific study gives detailed semantic descriptions of the meanings of culturally salient emotion words and expressions, offering fascinating insights into people's emotional lives in diverse cultures including Amharic, Chinese, German, Japanese, Lao, Malay, Mbula, Polish and Russian. The book is unique in its emphasis on empirical language data, analyzed in a framework free of ethnocentrism and not dependent upon English emotion terms, but relying instead on independently established conceptual universals. Students of languages and cultures, psychology and cognition will find this volume a rich resource of description and analysis of emotional meanings in cultural context.
If there is one value that seems beyond reproach in modernity, it is that of the self and the terms that cluster around it, such as self-esteem, self-confidence and self-respect. It is not clear, ...however, that all those who invoke the self really know what they are talking about, or that they are all talking about the same thing. What is this thing called 'self', then, and what is its psychological, philosophical and educational salience? More specifically, what role do emotions play in the creation and constitution of the self? This book proposes a realist, emotion-grounded conception of selfhood. In arguing for a closer link between selfhood and emotion than has been previously suggested, the author critically explores and integrates self research from diverse academic fields. This is a provocative book that should excite anyone interested in cutting-edge research on self-issues and emotions that lies at the intersection of psychology, philosophy of mind, moral philosophy and moral education.
Cognizione sociale Bertoux, M.
EMC - Neurologia,
February 2017, 2017-02-00, Volume:
17, Issue:
1
Journal Article
I processi neurocognitivi che ci permettono di interagire con gli altri in modo idoneo costituiscono la “cognizione sociale”, che si riferisce specificamente al modo in cui percepiamo, elaboriamo e ...interpretiamo le informazioni sociali. Componente significativa dell’intelligenza umana ancora a lungo trascurata, gode, dagli ultimi quindici anni, di un crescente interesse, proporzionale allo sviluppo delle neuroscienze sociali. Il buon funzionamento della teoria dello spirito, dell’empatia e del riconoscimento delle emozioni (permettendo di inferire su ciò che gli altri pensano e sentono) così come la conoscenza delle norme sociali e una dettagliata analisi dei contesti ci permettono di vivere insieme in “armonia” e di cooperare efficacemente, due elementi che assicurano la sopravvivenza della specie. Supportate da alcuni processi cognitivi trasversali, queste funzioni modulano drasticamente il nostro comportamento sociale di tutti i giorni e hanno un’influenza decisiva sul nostro benessere e sul nostro successo sociale. Questo articolo offre una panoramica delle attuali conoscenze sulla cognizione sociale e sulle funzioni ad essa associate. Ne presenta i correlati neuroanatomici ed evoca subito le malattie neurologiche e psichiatriche spesso associate a (o caratterizzate da) un turbamento della cognizione sociale, prima di terminare con un breve inventario degli strumenti neuropsicologici più frequentemente utilizzati per la sua valutazione clinica. L’articolo sottolinea l’importanza delle funzioni della cognizione sociale nei comportamenti umani e nell’adattamento alla società. Facendo eco al riconoscimento della cognizione sociale come uno dei sei campi cognitivi principali nel Manuale Diagnostico e Statistico dei Disturbi Mentali (quinta edizione), l’articolo sostiene la necessità di una valutazione quasi sistematica della cognizione sociale in neurologia e in psichiatria e per lo sviluppo di nuovi test clinici per una valutazione rapida ma multidimensionale di questo campo cognitivo.
Emotions are the common ground of child psychotherapy and a therapist's essential means of communication with children. Improved emotional resilience must be the shared therapeutic goal of all those ...who work with children and families. In Emotions in Child Psychotherapy, Kenneth Barish presents an integrative framework for child therapy, based on a contemporary understanding of the child's emotional experience. Barish begins with a concise review of recent advances in the psychology and neuroscience of emotions and an analysis of several emotions-interest, shame and pride, anxiety, anger, and sadness-that are essential, but often underappreciated, in therapeutic work with children. Offering an emotion-based perspective on optimal and pathological development in childhood, Barish argues that in pathological development, negative emotions have become malignant and children are locked in vicious cycles of interaction that perpetuate defiance and withdrawal. Based on these principles, Barish presents a comprehensive model for therapeutic work with children and families. He demonstrates how a systematic focus on the child's emotions provides new understandings of all phases of the therapeutic process and effective means of solving persistent clinical problems: how to engage more children in treatment, mitigate the child's resistance, and provide the kind of understanding to children that promotes openness, initiative, and pro-social character development. Finally, Barish offers a set of active therapeutic strategies that will help repair family relationships damaged by frequent anger and resentment, as well as specific techniques to help parents resolve many of the most common challenges of childrearing. Emotions in Child Psychotherapy includes extensive clinical illustrations and addresses many of the problems faced, at some time, by every child therapist. Both richly informative and highly practical, this book will be value to all students of child therapy and to practicing clinicians of differing theoretical orientations.
Lo sviluppo delle Neuroscienze ha portato contributi molto significativi allo studio della mente umana e delle sue funzioni di base: memoria, inconscio, sogno, rimozione, empatia, condivisione di ...stati affettivi ed emozionali, imitazione, intenzionalità. Tali funzioni costituiscono la base della teoria psicoanalitica della mente e della pratica clinica. In particolare, la scoperta della memoria implicita ha permesso di estendere il concetto di inconscio includendovi quello di inconscio non rimosso i cui contenuti sono correlati alle esperienze primarie infantili.
Lo studio con bio-immagini e la scoperta dei neuroni specchio ha inoltre contribuito a far conoscere le basi neurofisiologiche di processi mentali coinvolti nel transfert e nel controtransfert.
Il libro, centrato sulla possibile integrazione tra Psicoanalisi e Neuroscienze, è uno strumento essenziale di formazione per psicoanalisti, psicoterapeuti, psichiatri, neurologi e per gli studiosi interessati alle origini e funzioni della mente umana.
The relationship of emotions, ethics, and authenticity constitutes a nexus of philosophical and psychological problems with wide interdisciplinary relevance. What is the proper role of emotions in ...moral behavior and theory; are emotions reliable guides to our authentic personal values; and finally; what does it mean to be authentic in one's emotions, assuming that there is such thing as emotional authenticity in the first place? The various contributions of this book seek to answer these vexing but rarely discussed questions, offering a broad intellectual tour that ranges from philosophy to psychology, sociology, and gender studies.
