Purpose:This research aims to know and measure the impact of financial independence on financial fragility and to provide an applied knowledge framework that shows the relationship between these ...variables.
Theoretical framework: and the research problem was represented in several questions, such as can financial independence reduce the financial fragility of the research sample companies?; and what is the level of financial independence and financial fragility of these companies?.
Design/methodology/approach: Financial and statistical methods were relied on using the (SPSS) and (Excel) software. To answer these questions, test hypotheses and analyze the relationship between independent and dependent variables , several conclusions were reached, the most important of which is financial independence when companies reduce their dependence on debt and increase their dependence on internal resources as a main source of financing. Based on the conclusions, a set of recommendations was reached. The most important of which is the attention to restructuring the sources of financing for companies with high financial fragility, which contributes to increasing financial stability and reducing financial risks to a minimum.
Findings: The research was based on a sample consisting of (6) industrial companies listed in the Iraqi Stock Exchange for the period from (2011-2020).
Research, Practical & Social implications: The importance of the research lies in the fact that it has exploited the concepts of financial independence as it leads to reducing risks and assisting companies in reducing financial risks and reaching the required levels of performance, growth and continuity in a highly complex, unstable and limited environment, as well as contributing to urging companies to reconsider financial resources, and ways to benefit from it, which contributes to reducing costs and risks and increasing profitability.
Originality/value: The importance of the current research is highlighted by delving into very important topics for industrial companies, as the concepts of financial fragility and financial independence are of increasing importance in the current era, especially in light of the competitive environment, high costs and difficulty in obtaining financial resources.
Local government units are an important link in the implementation of public objectives. It is related to meeting the needs of local communities as well as managing property and public funds. The ...article deals with the financial independence of local government units in the context of the implementation of the tasks of these units. The concept and types of independence of local government units from economic and legal perspectives and their limitations were reviewed. The author poses a question about the impact of the defined limits of financial independence of local government units on the implementation of tasks. The discussed issues are of an interdisciplinary nature. The activities of local government units are strictly regulated by law and should be analyzed from this perspective. At the same time, the concept of independence of local government units includes a reference to the foundations of local economy, which should direct their activities towards activities similar to local entrepreneurship. Summarizing the considerations, the author emphasizes that in the economic and legal system in Poland, there are rules guaranteeing local government units' financial independence, and the designated boundaries provide a stable basis for the implementation of assigned tasks. At the same time, it also emphasizes that the discussed independence is clearly distinguished from the independence of private enterprises.
Bank Indonesia as the central bank in Indonesia has financial independence in which Bank Indonesia has the authority to manage its assets separately from the State Budget. However, in carrying out ...its roles and duties, Bank Indonesia often faces demands or lawsuits, which result in execution of judgments against assets of Bank Indonesia. This can clearly disrupt the financial stability of Bank Indonesia, affecting Bank Indonesia’s ability to carry out its roles and duties effectively. Currently, there has been an argument put forth to assert Article 50 of the treasure law in an effort to protect for Bank Indonesia’s finances. However, the application of this article as a legal basis for protection of Bank Indonesia’s finances is inappropriate because it is not in accordance with Bank Indonesia’s financial independence, separating from the State Budget. Departing from these problems, based on data collected through document studies in the form of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, this study examines how the policies of financial independence of Bank Indonesia, legal protection of Bank Indonesia’s finance, and ideal arrangements for legal protection of Bank Indonesia’s finances considering the attention to the independence of Bank Indonesia. The conclusion of this research is that there is still disharmony in regulations regarding Bank Indonesia’s financial protection in the State Finances Law and the State Treasury Law which creates legal uncertainty regarding Bank Indonesia’s financial protection.
The independence of local government is complex and multi-faceted. It should be considered taking into account many aspects, including the financial aspect. It is financial independence, especially ...its income approach, that plays an important role from the point of view of the current functioning of local government units. The aim of the article is to analyze the level of financial independence and development activities of municipalities in Poland. The data used for the analysis come from the Statistics Poland and Regional chambers of audit databases. The time taken for analysis is 2014-2022. The study used the following methods to assess the degree of financial independence and development activities of municipalities: an analysis of the level of communes' income from individual sources, an analysis of the level of operating surplus in municipalities and an analysis of the level of debt .
Background and Aims: Widows in India face immense challenges through enduring abuse, discrimination, and poor financial opportunities. Whilst there are many non-governmental organisations (NGOs) ...undertaking women’s empowerment programs, there is a paucity of literature reviewing their impact. Project Sampan, located in Uttarakhand, India, started by helping widows form self-help groups and provides financial education and agricultural skills training as well as group and private counselling. This study aims to evaluate the experiences of participants in the Sampan widows’ empowerment program. Methods: This qualitative study involved conducting seventeen semi-structured interviews between February to March of 2021; fifteen with participant widows and two with program facilitators. Widows who were minimum of 18 years of age and had 18 months of involvement were included. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling. Thematic analysis was undertaken to generate common themes relating to the impact of Sampan on the widows, and triangulation of this data was also conducted with observation diaries kept by program facilitators. Results: The evaluation revealed four key themes. Firstly, it was found that the agricultural education Sampan provides changed widows’ daily practices, leading to improved produce as well as corresponding sales and an increased opportunity to partake in community business. This has helped improve widows’ confidence, agency, and independence. Furthermore, the microfinancing component of the Sampan program was consistently found to be a strength of the project, providing widows with financial security. Their improved productivity and contribution to their communities has led to increased recognition by society, helping to mitigate some of the social stigma surrounding widowhood. The Sampan program has also strengthened solidarity among widows through opportunities to socialise together. Conclusions: This evaluation describes the plight of widows in Uttarakhand, who have been historically excluded and financially vulnerable, but are growing in confidence and emancipation though their involvement in Sampan. This study serves to underscore the existing literature about the discrimination Indian widows face and demonstrate the value of self-help groups in empowering widows.
Purpose : One of the key characteristics that can indicate a person's maturity is financial independence. Unfortunately, not many young adults in Indonesia are successful to become financially ...independent. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the variables that may have an impact on young adults’ financial independence.
Design/methodology/approach : 118 Surabaya-based young adults served as the study's respondents. Distribution of questionnaires was used to collect data, which was then processed using logistic regression. Findings : The findings of this study demonstrate that age, education, marital status, and self-efficacy all have an impact on young adults' financial independence. It is expected that the findings of this study will help those involved in the attempt to increase financial independence among Indonesian young adults. Furthermore, it is expected that this research will contribute to ongoing studies on financial independence.
Paper type : research paper
This study empirically examines the factors that influence the level of disclosure of local government financial statements, with audit opinion as a moderating variable. The ratio of financial ...independence, capital expenditure, intergovernmental revenue, and legislative size are independent variables in this study. The dependent variable is the degree of disclosure of local government financial statements (LKPD). The population used in this study is the financial statements of local governments in Indonesia that have been audited by BPK RI. The sample on this study consisted of 338 district/city governments on Java Island in 2018–2020 with purposive sampling. The test carried out is Multiple Linear Regression analysis using STATA version 16. Based on the results that have been analyzed, it can be concluded that the ratio of financial independence and intergovernmental revenue has a significant effect on the level of LKPD disclosure. Meanwhile, capital expenditure and legislative size have no significant effect on the level of LKPD disclosure. Audit opinion moderated the ratio of financial independence and legislative size on the level of disclosure of LKPD. Meanwhile, audit opinion does not moderate capital expenditure and intergovernmental revenue on the level of LKPD disclosure. This study provides information on the factors that influence the level of disclosure of LKPD in local governments, both districts/cities. A high level of LKPD disclosure indicates an accountability and transparency carried out by local governments.
Identifying the characteristics of Indonesian local governments that disclose financial statements looks relevant in order to find out the reasons for local governments in making policies to disclose ...financial statements. This study aims to examine whether financial condition, financial independence and political competition have an effect on the disclosure of financial statements in local governments, particularly districts/cities in Sumatra, Indonesia. A sample of 151 districts and cities on the Indonesian island of Sumatra were used in this quantitative analysis. The use of cluster sampling due to the implementation of accrual accounting based on the government regulation No. 71 of 2010 is applied in all districts/cities in Sumatra and has the same characteristics. The data analysis technique used in this study is a multiple linear regression with the SPSS test tool. The results reveal that factors influencing the financial statements disclosure is influenced by financial conditions (β = 0.095; p < 0.05), financial independence (β = 0.069; p < 0.05), and political competition (β = 0.038; p < 0.05). Overall, the results show a strong conclusion regarding the factors that affect the financial statements of the Indonesian government. The findings of this investigation can be a useful consideration for local governments in improving the quality of their external communications and improving public governance.
The extension of parental financial support into young adulthood has fueled concerns in the U.S. about young people’s development of independence and responsibility—financial and otherwise. This ...study draws on data from the Transition to Adulthood Supplement to the Panel Study of Income Dynamics to examine young people’s self-assessments of these qualities as well as their financial concerns. The findings indicate that receiving financial support from families was negatively associated with young adults’ assessments of their independence and how much financial responsibility they have for themselves. It was also associated with more frequent worrying about money. Panel models offered no support for the argument that such associations result from financial assistance undermining these accomplishments, instead indicating that financial assistance is in some cases beneficial. In contrast, earlier assessments of these qualities and concerns predicted later receipt of financial support, supporting more of a selection argument.
This article analyses how highly skilled refugees experience barriers and enablers to entrepreneurship in the Netherlands. Using the welcoming talent model, the article claims that material and ...procedural norms as well as the governance of support for refugee entrepreneurship in the Netherlands needs a new design. Through socio‐legal research on the experiences of highly skilled Syrian refugees, private support structures and municipalities with migration, integration and welfare policies and practices, we reveal that financial independence through entrepreneurship requires not just entrepreneurial skills but meeting the right people and not running into municipalities propagating work first. Policies and practices need to be developed in which welcoming entrepreneurial (highly skilled) refugees is key. Welcoming policies and practices are to offer refugees nationwide, equally accessible, transparent support structures, and access to finance instead of barriers towards financial independence.
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