Editorial Toro, Javier
Gestión y ambiente,
05/2017, Volume:
20, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
El pasado 5 de junio se celebró el Día Mundial del Medio Ambiente impulsado por las Naciones Unidas. En diferentes lugares del mundo se realizaron actividades lúdicas y pedagógicas sobre el cuidado ...de los recursos naturales. Desde la declaración de este día en 1972, este tipo de iniciativas se han encaminado a concientizar sobre la importancia del ambiente para el bienestar de las comunidades humanas y los ecosistemas. En todo el mundo se desarrollan jornadas de recolección de residuos sólidos, acciones contra el tráfico de fauna y flora silvestre, reforestación, ahorro de agua y energía, reciclaje y visitas a lugares protegidos; no obstante, estas acciones por parte de la sociedad civil son inanes ante las decisiones de los países y los líderes políticos y económicos, como los que conforman el grupo G7. De modo específico, es extremadamente preocupante la salida de los Estados Unidos de América del Acuerdo de París por las razones equivocadas, relacionadas con la competitividad y el desempleo.
El Jardín Botánico Clavijero (JBC) es poseedor de una colección de orquídeas mexicanas; alberga alrededor de 2915 plantas pertenecientes a más de 100 géneros y 329 especies. La misión ...principal del JBC es mantener una colección científica de plantas vivas, que permita realizar investigación, educación, difusión y propagación, así como contribuir a la con- servación y el uso sustentable de especies endémicas o en peligro de extinción, particularmente de la flora regional, con énfasis en las especies del bosque mesó- filo de montaña (BMM).
An updated inventory of the vascular flora alien to Italy, providing details on the occurrence at regional level, is presented. The checklist includes 1597 species, subspecies, and hybrids, ...distributed in 725 genera and 152 families; 2 taxa are lycophytes, 11 ferns and fern allies, 33 gymnosperms, and 1551 angiosperms. 157 taxa are archaeophytes and 1440 neophytes. The alien taxa currently established in Italy are 791 (570 naturalized and 221 invasive), while 705 taxa are casual aliens, 4 are not assessed, 7 are of unknown regional distribution, 47 have not been confirmed in recent times, 3 are considered extinct or possibly extinct in the country, and 40 are doubtfully occurring in Italy. This checklist allows to establish an up-to-date number (9792) of taxa constituting the whole (native and alien) Italian flora.
Voyage of the botanists King, Barbara J
Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science),
05/2023, Volume:
380, Issue:
6646
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
A reporter recounts the tale of a daring expedition that yielded vital insights about the Grand Canyon’s flora
Dendrobium derryi has been added to the orchid flora of India from Karbi Anglong district of Assam. This article provides an updated description of the species, accompanied by detailed photos and ...line drawings based on material collected within the country.
Polysaccharides with low toxicity and high biological activities are a kind of biological macromolecule. Recently, growing studies have confirmed that polysaccharides could improve obesity, diabetes, ...tumors, inflammatory bowel disease, hyperlipidemia, diarrhea, and liver-related diseases by changing the intestinal micro-environment. Moreover, polysaccharides could promote human health by regulating gut microbiota, enhancing production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), improving intestinal mucosal barrier, regulating lipid metabolism, and activating specific signaling pathways. Notably, the biological activities of polysaccharides are closely related to their molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, glycosidic bond types, and regulation of gut microbiota. The intestinal microbiota can secrete glycoside hydrolases, lyases, and esterases to break down polysaccharides chains and generate monosaccharides, thereby promoting their absorption and utilization. The degradation of polysaccharides can produce SCFAs, further regulating the proportion of gut microbiota and achieving the effect of preventing and treating various diseases. This review aims to summarize the latest studies: 1) effect of polysaccharides structures on intestinal flora; 2) regulatory effect of polysaccharides on gut microbiota; 3) effects of polysaccharides on gut microbe-mediated diseases; 4) regulation of gut microbiota on polysaccharides metabolism. The findings are expected to provide important information for the development of polysaccharides and the treatment of diseases.
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