The carotenoids from yellow tamarillo were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection/mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA/MS). Xanthophylls were found as esterified with ...palmitic and myristic acids.
All-
trans-
β-cryptoxanthin esters and
all-trans-
β-carotene were the major carotenoids of tamarillo. Changes in carotenoid and vitamin C contents after thermal pasteurization of degassed and not degassed tomato tree nectars were studied. Zeaxanthin esters appeared to be the less thermo-labile carotenoids. Carotenoids degradation was not significantly influenced by dissolved oxygen level. However, thermal treatment induced 5,8-epoxidation and
cis-isomerization. Retention of ascorbic acid was total under degassed conditions while losses of dehydroascorbic acid were not affected by the initial level of dissolved oxygen.
The profile and level of 11 biogenic amines were evaluated in commercial fruit juices (apple, grapefruit, orange and pineapple) and fruit nectars (apricot, peach and pear) by HPLC/FD after dansyl ...chloride derivatization. The biogenic amine most present in nectars is cadaverine, followed by putrescine, spermidine and spermine. Fruit juices showed a wider variability in biogenic amines profile and level, with the highest total content in orange juices. The application of chemometric tools as hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis on the biogenic amine profiles of the juice samples succeeded in grouping juices on the basis of the fruit of origin. A mathematical model with high predictive ability for fruit juices classification was obtained by linear discriminant analysis: orange (100 %), pineapple (100 %), grapefruit (80 %) and apple (70 %). This study represents the first description of biogenic amines content in these beverages. These compounds are well-known important quality parameters and demonstrated to have also a characteristic profile depending on the fruit of origin.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality characteristics of physical, chemical and microbiological of some fruit nectar samples produced from some local and imported companies and sold in the ...city of Tripoli, and to determine their conformity with Libyan specification standards. In this study, 40 samples of different fruit nectars (grape, pineapple, guava, orange, apple, and mixed fruits) were collected from different local supermarket, five imported companies and 4 domestic which were available at the time of study. The Samples were classified based on their type of fruit nectars and also marked as (A, B, C, D) and (E, F, L, M, N) for different domestic or imported and imported companies respectively. The results showed that all the samples were free from artificial colours added. Local and imported samples were conform with the Libyan specification standards (990-2014) for fruit nectars. Five local and four imported samples were unconfirmed with the standards. In terms of acidity, some local and imported samples were conform to the Libyan specification standards, except one local sample and 5 imported samples. However, 35.3% of local samples and 43.5% of the imported samples unconfirmed to the Libyan standard specifications. Microbiological results showed that all local and imported samples were free from total bacterial count, yeasts and molds and coliform bacteria. Heavy metals (cadmium, lead, arsenic, copper, zinc, iron) of local and imported samples were conform to the Libyan specification standard, except 3 samples of imported products were had higher arsenic concentration. Based on the results of this study which indicated the importance of quality control programs for such products not only during production but also during storage and sales due to possibility of contamination and spoilage.
Queen Garnet plum (QGP), known for its high levels of anthocyanins, is a hybrid of the Japanese plum developed in Queensland, Australia. Anthocyanins provide the red, blue, and purple pigments in ...plants with demonstrated beneficial health effects. This study hypothesized that low-dose anthocyanin QGP intake will have a significant positive effect on cognition, blood pressure, and gut microbiota in healthy older adults. A randomized crossover trial was conducted to determine the effect and within subject variance on cognition and 24 hr. ambulatory blood pressure in older adults without cognitive impairment following daily consumption of 200 mL low-dose anthocyanin (5 mg/100 g) QGP nectar (intervention) or raspberry cordial (control). Secondary outcomes included inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein), nerve growth factor (BDNF), and gut microbiota (16S rRNA gene sequencing). Twenty-eight participants (55+ years) were recruited. Each randomized treatment arm lasted for 8 weeks with a 4-week washout period. Cognition, blood pressure, and urine samples were measured at each visit (5 total) while blood and fecal samples were collected at baseline, 8 weeks, and 20 weeks. Repeated-measures ANOVA was used to analyze the data. Across the treatments, no significant difference was observed for the different domains of cognition, blood pressure, or anti-inflammatory biomarkers. No intervention effect was found for genera or class of gut microbes. Low anthocyanin nectar derived from the QGP did not have any significant effects on cognition, blood pressure, or gut microbiota in healthy older adults.
•The detection of grape nectar adulteration with cashew or apple was studied.•One-class and multiclass approaches were implemented.•The multivariate classification methods SIMCA, PLS-DA and PLS-DM ...were compared.•PLS-DA provided better performance to detect grape nectar adulterations.
There is no any doubt about the importance of food fraud control, as it has implications in food safety and in consumer health. Focusing on fruit beverages, some types of adulterations have been detected more frequently, such as substitution with less expensive fruits. A methodology based on attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform mid-infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and multivariate classification was applied to detect whether grape nectars were adulterated by substitution with apple juice or cashew juice. A total of 126 samples were obtained and analyzed. Two strategies were proposed: one-class and multiclass approaches. Soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and partial least squares density modeling (PLS-DM) were used to build the models. Among them, PLS-DA presented the best performance with a sensitivity and specificity of nearly 100%. The multiclass strategy was preferred if the adulterants to be studied are known because it provides additional information.
Effects of high intensity ultrasound (US, 5–40 min) on pectin-enriched mango nectar were evaluated, with regards to its rheological properties and related factors, including microstructure, particle ...size, and water-soluble pectin (WSP) changes. Results showed that the rheological properties of mango nectar exhibited a complex change, with an initial increase and subsequent decrease in apparent viscosity, storage modulus G’, and loss modulus G”. All these changes were ultrasonic time dependent. Ultrasound treatment caused significant degradation on suspended particles in mango nectar, as evidenced by optical microscopy, and particle-size distribution. The surface mean diameter (D3, 2) was reduced to 30.7 μm from an original value of 37.6 μm after ultrasound treatment. Moreover, US further caused the molecular degradation of WSP, with Mw being reduced from 3000 to 367 kDa in mango nectar. The interaction among them during processing determined the final rheological properties.
•Ultrasound caused an initial increase and then decrease on mango nectar viscosity.•The two stage rheological behavior followed different mechanism.•Ultrasound decreased the particle size of mango nectar.•Ultrasound decreased molecular weight of water soluble pectin in mango nectar.
•A fast HPLC determination of 11 biogenic amines in food has been described.•A new technology core–shell particle column has been used with UV and FLD detection.•This is the first article reporting ...the analysis of biogenic amines in fruit nectar.•The developed method resulted in a significant saving of analysis time and solvents.
A fast and reliable HPLC method for the determination of 11 biogenic amines in beverages has been performed. After pre-column derivatization with dansyl-chloride a Kinetex C18 core–shell particle column (100mm×4.6mm, 2.6μm particle size) has been employed and the biogenic amines were identified and quantified in a total run time of 13min with ultraviolet (UV) or fluorescence detection (FLD). Chromatographic conditions such as column temperature (kept at 50°C), gradient elution and flow rate have been optimized and the method has been tested on red wine and fruit nectar. The proposed method is enhanced in terms of reduced analysis time and eluent consumption with respect of classical HPLC method as to be comparable to UHPLC methods. Green and cost-effective, this method can be used as a quality-control tool for routine quantitative analysis of biogenic amines in beverages for the average laboratory.
The effect of power ultrasound and increased temperature (thermosonication) on antioxidant capacity, color, total phenolic compounds, degree of non-enzymatic browning (NEB) and sensory properties by ...electronic tongue, of blueberry nectar was investigated. Samples were treated with high power ultrasound (HPU) at 50%, 75% and 100% amplitude, during treatment time of 3, 6 and 9min at elevated temperatures. Antioxidant capacity determined by DPPH and ABTS methods shows a positive correlation between the values. It was observed that treatment time has statistically significant impact on antioxidant capacity (ABTS) of nectar. Color was the darkest and with highest levels of red and yellow in the sample treated with ultrasound at 100% amplitude for 6min. The degree of non-enzymatic browning was highest for samples treated with ultrasound at 100% amplitude for 9min, and total phenolic compounds concentration indirectly increased. Sensory evaluation by electronic tongue showed differences in samples. The best results of blueberry nectar were obtained for antioxidant capacity by treatment of ultrasound amplitude at 50% for 6min and highest value of anthocyanins (50% amplitude for 3min). The treatment at amplitude of 50% for 3 and 6min can be considered to give the best outcome of processed blueberry nectar because of lower influence of ultrasound treatments in terms of lower oxidative deterioration, as well as influence of cavitation.
This paper reports possible in-line methods and significance of the research data presented towards potential industrial applications. These methods could be used for quick monitoring of thermosonication process in order to preserve fruit juice. Through those methods, food technologist could optimise and conduct thermosonication in-line (on processing plant), in the way of obtaining high value food product.
•Thermosonication was used for the treatment of the blueberry nectar.•There was largest increase in antioxidant capacity of blueberries nectar.•Color values showed decreasing tendency after thermosonication treatment.•Amplitude of 100% is having greatest impact on non-enzymatic browning.•Electronic tongue analysis is demonstrating differences in samples treated by thermosonication.
The partial/total sugar replacement by sweeteners in processed beverages is a worldwide tendency. In this context, we assessed how 460 Brazilian participants perceived passion fruit nectars sweetened ...with different concentrations of stevia and sucralose and evaluated if the differences in sweetness preferences could be explained due to the differences in participants' personal profile (especially prevalence of diabetes and consumption habits of sweeteners). From the results of the ideal of sweetness (IS), consumers were divided into 4 clusters, with preferences of 0.17–0.57% for stevia and 0.14–0.40% for sucralose. The participants’ profile evaluation in each cluster showed that sweetness preference was not determined by diabetes and regular consumption of sweeteners, but was affected by the body mass index of the participants, with a high percentage of obese/overweight people in the cluster that preferred over sweetened samples (P < 0.05). The sweetness strongly impacted the samples acceptance, being observed high rejection of nectars with sweetness below of IS (P < 0.05) and acceptance of samples over sweetened for most clusters. Results from the Check-all-that-applied test helped to explain the different levels of sample acceptance among the clusters, whereby cluster 1 (lower IS value) was less sensitive to acid and astringency in unsweetened samples while cluster 4 (higher IS value) had no perception of cloying and less perception of sweetener aftertaste than other groups (P < 0.05). Therefore, these results highlighted the wide range of sweetness preferences among the participants and the negative consequences of under/over sweetness of passion fruit nectar, being useful for guiding product development in food industry and food policy actions.
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•Sucralose sweetened nectar was preferred than stevia sweetened ones.•There was a wide difference in the desired sweetness for different participants.•Participants who preferred highly sweetened nectar were generally overweight/obese.•A strong correlation occurred between acidity, flavor, sweetness and overall liking.
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