Jeffrey D. Sachs turns to world history to shed light on how we can meet the challenges and opportunities of the twenty-first century. He takes readers through a series of seven distinct waves of ...technological and institutional change, starting with early modern humans and ending with reflections on today's globalization.
La Convention pour la sauvegarde du patrimoine culturel Immatériel de 2003 et la Convention sur la protection et la promotion de la diversité des expressions culturelles de 2005 sont les deux plus ...récents traités culturels internationaux conclus sous l’égide de l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’éducation, la science et la culture (UNESCO). Puisant leur source dans la Déclaration universelle sur la diversité culturelle adoptée à l’unanimité des membres de l’UNESCO en 2001, les Conventions de 2003 et de 2005 constituent toutes deux une réponse de la communauté internationale aux phénomènes de mondialisation des économies et d’homogénéisation des cultures, notamment générés par l’intégration des marchés. Ces instruments demeurent néanmoins distincts et poursuivent des objectifs qui leurs sont propres, bien que des interactions entre les deux conventions puissent être identifiées. Cet ouvrage a pour vocation de mettre les deux textes en parallèles, de manière à clarifier leur champ d’application respectif, tout en valorisant leur complémentarité et leur contribution au développement durable des sociétés.
The old discussion about ‘Market or State’ is obsolete. There will always have to be a mix of market and state. The only relevant question is what that mix should look like. How far do we have to let ...the market go its own way in order to create as much welfare possible for everyone? What is the responsibility of the government in creating welfare? These are difficult questions. But they are also the only interesting questions. That is why they are analysed in this book. The desired mix of market and state is anything but easy to bring about. It is a difficult and sometimes destructive process that is constantly in motion. There are periods in history in which the market gains in importance. During other periods the opposite occurs and the government is everywhere more dominant. The turning points in this pendulum swing typically seem to coincide with disruptive events that test the limits of market and state. Why we experience this dynamic is an important theme in this book. Will the market, which today is allocated a greater and greater role thanks to globalization, run up against its limits? Or do the financial crisis and growing income inequality show that we have already reached those limits? Do we have to brace ourselves for a rejection of the capitalist system? Are we returning to an economy in which the government is running the show? These are important questions this book seeks to answer.
Welchen Beitrag kann das Recht auf Nahrung zur Überwindung der globalen Ernährungskrise leisten? Statt das Ziel einer hungerfreien Welt als Utopie abzutun, werden Menschenrechtsklagen als wirksame ...Instrumente beschrieben, um Diskurse über Ursachen von Nahrungsunsicherheit anzuregen und die Ergreifung notwendiger Anti-Hunger-Programme zu beschleunigen. Aufbauend auf der nationalen und internationalen Rechtsprechung zum „right to food“ werden drei Zugangsrechte entwickelt: das Recht auf soziale Fürsorge, das Recht auf ein ausreichendes Einkommen und das Recht auf Selbstversorgung. Angesichts globaler Gefährdungslagen, die sich etwa in abrupt schwankenden Weltagrarpreisen sowie dem Klimawandel offenbaren, wird zudem eine transnationale Schutzdimension begründet. Die Bedeutung grenzüberschreitender Menschenrechtsdiskurse wird exemplarisch anhand von zwei Fallstudien zum Agrardumping und zur Förderung von Biokraftstoffen verdeutlicht.
Globalization, surely one of the most used and abused buzzwords of recent decades, describes a phenomenon that is typically considered to be a neutral and inevitable expansion of market forces across ...the planet. Nearly all economists, politicians, business leaders, and mainstream journalists view globalization as the natural result of economic development, and a beneficial one at that. But, as noted economist Martin Hart-Landsberg argues, this perception does not match the reality of globalization. The rise of transnational corporations and their global production chains was the result of intentional and political acts, decisions made at the highest levels of power. Their aim - to increase profits by seeking the cheapest sources of labor and raw materials - was facilitated through policy-making at the national and international levels, and was largely successful. But workers in every nation have paid the costs, in the form of increased inequality and poverty, the destruction of social welfare provisions and labor unions, and an erratic global economy prone to bubbles, busts, and crises. This book examines the historical record of globalization and restores agency to the capitalists, policy-makers, and politicians who worked to craft a regime of world-wide exploitation. It demolishes their neoliberal ideology - already on shaky ground after the 2008 financial crisis - and picks apart the record of trade agreements like NAFTA and institutions like the WTO. But, crucially, Hart- Landsberg also discusses alternatives to capitalist globalization, looking to examples such as South America's Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas (ALBA) for clues on how to build an international economy based on solidarity, social development, and shared prosperity.
Današnju fazu društvenog i ekonomskog razvoja svijeta karakterizira digitalizacija koja donosi velike promjene u području odgoja i obrazovanja. U posljednje dvije godine, koje su obilježene borbom ...protiv pandemije bolesti COVID-19, primjena informacijske i komunikacijske tehnologije u ovom području zabilježila je eksponencijalni rast što je rezultiralo potrebom da se prilagode nastavne metode i načini poučavanja kako bi se ostvarili zadani ishodi učenja. Nastavnici su se suočili s kontinuiranim izazovom usavršavanja metoda poučavanja i učenja kako bi adekvatno odgovorili na zahtjeve učenika i njihove različite obrazovne potrebe, ali i kako bi povećali razinu motivacije za sudjelovanje u nastavnom procesu koji je sve više orijentiran na virtualno. Sve veća upotreba digitalne tehnologije u nastavnom procesu posljednjih godina inicirala je i ubrzani razvoj novih područja pedagogije. U znanstvenoj literaturi sve se više govori o digitalnoj pedagogiji kao novoj grani ili pristupu u pedagogiji koji proučava zakonitosti digitalnog odgoja i obrazovanja te razvija nove strategije i pristupe koji omogućuju obogaćivanje kurikuluma korištenjem informacijsko-komunikacijske tehnologije. Slijedom toga, u radu se nastoji objasniti koncept digitalne pedagogije i njezin potencijal u rješavanju tradicionalnih didaktičkih problema, oblikovanju i razvoju inovativnog procesa učenja te razvoju i podršci kurikulumu koji je sve više okrenut digitalnoj tehnologiji. Sugeriraju se mogućnosti koje nastavnici mogu koristiti u nastojanjima unaprjeđenja kvalitete nastavnog procesa te se ističu nedostatci i neki novi izazovi koje sa sobom donosi povećana uporaba informacijske i komunikacijske tehnologije u nastavi.
Autorice razmatraju s teorijskog i praktičnog aspekta pitanje načina na koji novi oblici komunikacije utječu na promjene u diplomatskoj profesiji te kada su i u kojim situacijama novi digitalni ...oblici bolja solucija od tradicionalnih oblika komunikacije. Pokazalo se da se diplomacija u digitalnoj eri pozitivno razvija uz pomoć novih komunikacijskih medija. Međutim, tradicionalni modeli komunikacije i dalje zauzimaju značajno mjesto u diplomatskoj profesiji. Komunikacijsko umijeće diplomatskih predstavnika ogleda se u pronalasku optimalnog spoja između tradicionalnih i novih modela komunikacije u nalaženju odgovora i djelovanja na novonastale okolnosti u globalnom međunarodnom okruženju. Autorice drže vrijednim i nužnim nastavak daljnjeg istraživanja te tematike koja je itekako relevantna, a istraživački u nacionalnim okvirima tek načeta.
Avtorja v članku na podlagi kvantitativnih in kvalitativnih metod analizirata pojavnost slovenske in tuje glasbe v slovenskih radijskih in televizijskih medijih. Pri tem posebno pozornost namenjata ...vlogi vratarstva slovenskih medijev pri formiranju popularne glasbe in glasbenih okusov v Sloveniji. Analiza pokaže, da medijsko odbiranje glasbe upošteva specifične kulturne, družbene in politične kriterije, kar se med drugim kaže v nevključevanju »odbojnih« žanrov, v polarizaciji na ravni glasbenega okusa, v regulaciji migracij glasbe ter v konstruiranju specifičnih konceptualnih mej, ki jih vratarji glasbe vzpostavljajo (in obenem tudi upoštevajo).
