Italian criminal organisations (COs) engage in contact with community members to assert their control over local populations in Southern Italy. According to intracultural appropriation theory, COs’ ...presence in these regions is legitimised by values of masculinity and honour. Here, we test the role of these values in drawing people closer to COs, facilitating more frequent contact with COs’ members. Study 1 (NT1 = 176, NT2 = 170) used a two‐wave longitudinal design demonstrating that endorsement of masculine honour predicts more frequent contact with COs after five months. In contrast, results revealed no longitudinal effect of contact frequency on masculine honour endorsement. Using a cross‐sectional design, Study 2 (N = 314) extended these results by revealing an indirect effect of masculine honour on the tendency to see COs as embodying honour and respect (romanticisation), through more frequent contact with COs’ members. Limitations, directions for future research and implications of these results are discussed.
Adopting a social psychological approach, across three studies (N = 927) in two western immigrant-receiving societies (UK and Canada), we examined the role of honour in acculturation variables (i.e., ...immigrants' heritage and mainstream cultural orientation and well-being), controlling for some of the commonly studied predictors of immigrant adaptation. We assessed honour as concern (Studies 1 and 2) and as a desired attribute for men and women (Study 3) and studied well-being in terms of acculturative stress (Study 1) and subjective evaluation of one's life (Studies 1 and 3). We examined our questions among groups of immigrants originating from honour (Studies 1 and 2) and dignity cultural groups (Study 1) and from first- and second-generation immigrants (Study 3). Overall, despite some significant associations at the bivariate level between honour and acculturation outcomes, findings provided mixed support for the claim that honour (measured as concerns and cultural codes) plays a significant role in immigrant acculturation above and beyond commonly studied predictors of immigrant adaptation.
Purpose: This study aims to interpret workers' desire, especially copywriters, to work from home while producing profitable results for the company and maintaining a competitive advantage.
...Theoretical framework: Motivation is an essential aspect of human decision-making because it motivates people to act, according to Abraham H. Maslow (2002). Motivation is an inner drive that guides a person's behavior and can be influenced by factors such as comfort, style, prestige, or a desire to fit in with others.
Design/methodology/approach: This study uses a qualitative inductive reasoning-based exploratory technique to investigate individual experiences in the advertising industry during a pandemic. It uses a phenomenological paradigm. Creswell (2014) defines phenomenological research as a branch of economics, management, and psychology that describes participants' life experiences related to a phenomenon.
Findings: Employee loyalty can be developed by trusting and respecting colleagues, which is essential for a pleasant work environment, especially when working remotely. Remote working has several benefits, including increased productivity, improved work-life balance, and cost savings for employees and businesses. Flexible work arrangements and focusing on employee time off can significantly impact employee loyalty, productivity, and overall competitive advantage.
Research, Practical & Social implications: Trust and respect for their employees' time and well-being must be prioritized by transformational leaders, which can increase company loyalty, productivity, and growth.
Originality/value: Trust and confidence in the company's leadership and mission can foster employee loyalty and a healthy work environment, even when working remotely.
Italian criminal organisations (COs) are a serious global threat. Intracultural appropriation theory (ICAT) holds that such groups exploit cultural codes of masculinity and honour to legitimise and ...lower resistance to their actions. Such codes are an important feature of Southern Italian group membership. A large survey (N = 1,173) investigated the role of two previously underexamined facets of honour cultures—personal concerns for reputation, and female honour ideology. In addition, drawing on social identity theory, and testing a dual-route hypothesis, this research investigated the role of beliefs about the necessity of social change in the articulation between identification, honour, and collective action intentions. Consistent with ICAT, and with previous research, male-honour-related values uniquely predicted collective action intentions against criminal organisations. In addition, consistent with the dual-route hypothesis: (a) regional identification positively predicted social change beliefs which in turn explained stronger intentions to oppose COs collectively, and, (b) regional identification was also positively associated with masculine honour which in turn predicted weaker intentions to oppose COs. The evidence supports the idea that social identity can have opposing effects on collective action in the same context, depending on which beliefs are mobilised.
Abstract
This article discusses so-called honour killing as a form of murder of women in Jordan, which is more generally a crime against mankind. The article focuses Jordan since the country has ...recorded the highest rate of killings of women under the pretext of honour for long periods. In an attempt to unpack the social, cultural, and religious roots that may be the cause of the spread of these crimes, the role of the legislator in the aggravation of these crimes—by not taking the appropriate legislative mechanisms to reduce them— is examined. This article concludes that the Jordanian legislator may be responsible for the exacerbation of this phenomenon to a large extent through a slow approach to legislative reform and to amending the relevant articles, and its lack of seriousness in bringing about reform through its focus on certain articles and the neglect of others over a long period of time. The article concludes that reform attempts were not comprehensive enough to encompass all the articles considered to be the cause of this increasing phenomenon; and the legislator’s movement of one step forward and two steps back cannot be separated from the cultural, social, religious, and even political reality.
This article proposes that an understanding of transphobic ‘honour’-based abuse can be employed as a conceptual tool to explore trans people’s experiences of familial abuse. This conception has ...evolved by connecting a sociology of shame, Goffman’s work on stigma and ‘honour’-based ideology. The discussion draws upon findings of a qualitative study which explored trans people’s experiences of domestic violence and abuse. Narrative interviews were undertaken with 15 trans people who had either experienced abuse or whose perceptions were informed experientially through their support of others. Transcripts were analysed using the Listening Guide. Findings indicate that trans people can experience abuse as a result of a family’s perceptions of shame and stigma. This article offers a novel way of conceptualising trans people’s experiences of family-based abuse, but it also holds potential for understanding other relational contexts, for example, those of intimate partnerships.
The rise of Islamic fundamentalism in Europe seems to be tangibly signalled by an increase in women and young girls wearing the Muslim veil, the hijab. In France, this has led to the legal banning of ...all headscarves and other religious symbols in state schools in the name of French secularism. The article considers the ambiguities and ambivalences associated with the politics of embodiment surrounding veiling and honour killings comparatively, in Britain and France, and the implications for ongoing debates on multiculturalism. The article argues that the publicity surrounding symbolic practices of sexual intimacy in the context of modernity may come to be loaded with secondary symbolic connotations, often highly politicized, for both Muslims and Europeans, leading to irresolvable conundrums. The processes of higher order symbolization outlined here raise critical questions of authority: who has the authority to interpret the scriptures, in this case the Koran and ideas about individual liberty? Who has the right to determine the limits of modesty, or whom a young person should marry? As in the earlier confrontations in South Asia between Sufi saints and learned Muslim clerics, the current contestation involves a range of actors claiming authoritative sacred knowledge.
In Ghana reliable official data on suicidal behavior are not available. There is also limited empirical research on suicidal behavior in the country. At the same time, police-recorded suicide data, ...media reports, and communication from professionals in the field indicate that suicidal behavior is a growing problem. To identify current patterns and meanings of male suicidal behavior in Ghana, the study examined official police data spanning 2006–2008. This investigation revealed that reported cases of fatal and nonfatal suicidal behavior overwhelmingly involved males. Furthermore, the majority of males who engaged in suicidal acts did so to deal with feelings of shame and dishonor of variable sources. Findings suggest changing the rigid dichotomization associated with male-female gender roles and socialization that emphasize masculinity ideals in Ghana and the need for increased research and the promotion of counseling for males facing emotional stress.
► The paper provides a rare analysis of police-recorded data on suicidal behavior in Ghana. ► The data indicate that suicidal behavior in Ghana overwhelmingly involved males. ► Ghanaian males exceeded their female counterparts in both fatal and non- fatal suicidal behavior. ► The pursuit of cultural notions of masculinity influences male suicidal behavior. ► Changing male-female gender roles and socialization may help reduce suicidal behavior in Ghanaian males.
Although extensive research has been carried out in the field of social justice in terms of femicide in defence of family honour around the globe, intersecting aspect of identity as an underlying ...psychological mechanism to justify the social sources of these killing has not been addressed in much detail. The present study, therefore, examined the role of (a) diverse social representations in femicide, (b) geography and ethnicity in social representations of honour violence, and (c) the functions of these diverse social representations in maintaining social injustice towards women through the promotion of occidentalism in line with the boundaries for a hegemonic notion of western modernisation. Two studies were conducted. The first study includes a content analysis investigating data from 73 respondents living in the western part of Turkey. The present findings showed that there are different social representations of honour killings, such as
töre
killings and
namus
killings. These diverse representations were found to reflect the fact that individuals delegitimise
töre
killings as eastern, outrageous, tribalistic, and related to family honour while legitimising
namus
killings as personal, valuable, self-aware, and vulnerable, in the context of “westernised” Turkey. The second study comprises an experimental design in which participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions:
namus
killing,
töre
killing, and control. The results showed that diverse social representations of femicide have psychological functions such that a
namus
representation gives more legitimacy to femicide than does a
töre
representation. The consideration of diverse representations in honour killings and their functions has the potential to inform research as well as to build effective prevention policies targeting the reduction in femicides. A focus on the concept of
namus
and an emphasis on moving the focus of social representations away from responsible backwards, “the other East” and towards
namus
as one of the leading sources of domestic violence may switch the problem from the perception of victimised eastern women and to a general injustice problem.
This article deals with the manner in which family and community in Mandate Palestine attempted to keep the criminal justice system from intervening in cases defined as 'Family Honour Killing'. ...Drawing on criminal court cases, we argue that the familial, domestic and communal features of this crime and its social, predominantly rural, context were critical for the attempts to keep it within the community and to prevent state intervention by obstructing, concealing and denying evidence. We focus on the mechanisms used by members of the family and community for that purpose. Our case study is in line with previous findings indicating the under-reporting of domestic violence, especially when witnesses were closely related to both the victim and the perpetrator. This domestic and communal alignment was most likely reinforced under colonial rule, though it was not necessarily caused predominantly in opposition to it.
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