This is the tenth volume (‘Geographic information systems in Slovenia, 2009–2010’) in a row, featuring thirty-four research and survey papers on the current use of geographic information systems ...(GIS) in Slovenia. GIS offer an excellent opportunity for interdisciplinary cooperation. This allows knowledge from a specific discipline to be expanded with findings from related disciplines, which enables further development of individual disciplines and synergy effects in finding solutions to emerging problems.
Čeprav je identifikacijski sistem za zemljišča v Sloveniji star šele nekaj let, je doživel že kar nekaj pomembnih sprememb. Sprva so bili uporabljeni atributni podatki zemljiškega katastra, nato kot ...grafična podlaga podatki zemljiškokatastrskega prikaza, vendar takšna rešitev ni ustrezala visokim zahtevam po kakovosti prostorskih podatkov. Treba je bilo začeti znova in na podlagi državnih ortofoto načrtov so bila ponovno zajeta vsa kmetijska zemljišča posameznih kmetijskih gospodarstev. Do danes je sistem, ki ga v Sloveniji predstavljajo grafične enote rabe kmetijskih zemljišč, ali krajše GERK, prerasel v sistem, ki se navezuje na ali informativno uporablja obsežno zbirko prostorskih podatkov in vključuje registre trajnih nasadov. Ti prostorski podatki se uporabljajo za zagotavljanje zahtevane kakovosti v postopkih vzdrževanja in rednih postopkih administrativnih kontrol v okviru kmetijske politike. Del podatkov je vsako leto preverjen na kraju samem. Proaktivno zagotavljanje kakovosti in stalna kontrola sta najpomembnejši nalogi. Cilj je učinkovitejši sistem in torej zmanjšano tveganje pri dodeljevanju javnih sredstev upravičencem pomoči v kmetijstvu. Še dodaten korak naprej je naredila Španija, kjer je sodelovanje med zemljiškim katastrom in SIGPAC v duhu direktive INSPIRE primer dobre prakse, ki bi lahko postala model tudi za druge države članice ; Although the land parcel identification system in Slovenia was established only few years ago, it has already had been changed many times. At first, an alphanumeric land cadastre data was used, then (as a graphical basis) a digital cadastral index map was introduced; however, such solutions did not meet the high quality requirements of spatial data. It had to be started again and all agricultural parcels of individual agricultural holdings were defined on the basis of digitised orthophotos. At present, the system that is represented with graphical units of agricultural parcels (GERK) has grown into a system related to or using a broad collection of spatial data, including registers of permanent crops. This spatial data is used for the assurance of the required quality in procedures of maintenance and in regular procedures of administrative controls in the framework of agricultural policy. Every year, a part of the data is checked on the field. Proactive quality assurance and continuous control are the highest priority tasks. The objective is a more efficient system and a consequent reduction of risk in the distribution of public funds to the entitled farmers. Another step forward was made in Spain, where cooperation between land cadastre and SIGPAC in the frame of the INSPIRE directive is an example of good practise, which could become a model for the other Member States.
A monograph, ninth in a row, in 42 scientific and professional articles presents on overview of temporary use of geographic information systems (GIS) in Slovenia.Many possibilities of their use are ...introduced~three-quarters of all articles present applicability of GIS. Furthermore possibilities of their use in geography, geology, geodesy, cartography, pedology, biology, forestry, civil engineering, and hydrology are introduced, as well their use in dialectology, archeology, history, by cultural heritage and natural hazards research and in addition also the use in spatial planning.
Documents related to social sciences are processed/indexed by several field-specific (e.g. Sociological Abstracts) and general (Web of Science, Scopus) bibliographic databases. These topics are ...scattered also among other specialized databases and information systems in agriculture, biomedicine, and other life-sciences, for example Agris, Agricola, FSTA, Medline (PubMed), etc. Agriculture can also involve social issues such as rural sociology, public services, settlements, demography, tourism (agritourism). Relevant documents may thus elude attention of researchers which seek information in a limited number of databases. We used CAB Abstracts (CABI/CAB International), the leading global database for agriculture, environment, veterinary sciences, applied economics, food science and nutrition. In a bibliometric/scientometric analysis, we used the classification based on subject categories CABICODES (CC), which enable identification of general research subject areas, in order to assess publishing patterns by researchers from Slovenia in 1991-2010. We assessed growth, and identified database records which had been classified with the social-sciences-related CC. We assessed co-classification or co-occurrence of these categories with other general subjects, such as Economics, Plant Science and Protection, Food Science and Produce, Animal Science, Forestry and Wood, Pathogen, Pest, Parasite and Weed Management, Soil Science, Human Health and Nutrition, Education, Extension, Information, Training, Natural Resources. 336 records were published by Slovenian authors, and classified with social sciences CC in CAB Abstracts. In total, 1313 different CC had been assigned to the records. The social-sciences-related research co-occurs with the following subject matter, in a decreasing order: economics, forestry/wood science, natural resources (e.g. water, meteorology, pollution), human biology/health/nutrition, food, plant, animal science/protection.
Dokumente v povezavi z družboslovjem oz. sociologijo obdelujejo in indeksirajo različne specializirane (npr. Sociological Abstracts) in splošne (Web of Science, Scopus) bibliografske podatkovne zbirke (baze podatkov). Ta tematika je razkropljena tudi med drugimi specializiranimi zbirkami in informacijskimi sistemi v kmetijstvu (biotehniki), biomedicini in drugih disciplinah, npr. Agris, Agricola, FSTA, Medline (PubMed). Kmetijstvo se navezuje na ruralno sociologijo (sociologijo podeželja), javne storitve, demografijo, naselja, turizem (kmečki turizem) ipd. Raziskovalci, ki uporabljajo samo določene zbirke, lahko spregledajo številne relevantne dokumente. V bibliometrični/scientometrični analizi smo uporabili zbirko CAB Abstracts (CABI/CAB International), ki je vodilna zbirka za kmetijstvo, okolje, veterino, uporabno ekonomiko, živilstvo in prehrano, in sicer glede na klasifikacijo, temelječo na predmetnih kategorijah CABICODES (CC), ki omogočajo identifikacijo splošnih raziskovalnih področij in na tem temelju ocenili objave avtorjev iz Slovenije v 1991-2010. Ocenili smo letno rast objav in identificirali vse zapise v zbirki, ki so bili klasificirani s kategorijami iz sekcije družboslovje (social sciences). Ovrednotili smo soklasifikacijo-sopojavnost teh kategorij z drugimi splošnimi kategorijami, kot so ekonomika, rastlinska pridelava in varstvo rastlin, živilstvo, znanost o živalih in varstvo živali, gozdarstvo in lesarstvo, bolezni, škodljivci in pleveli, pedologija, zdravje, biologija in prehrana ljudi, izobraževanje, svetovanje, informacije, naravni viri ipd. Slovenski avtorji so v tem obdobju objavili 336 dokumentov, ki so bili klasificirani z družboslovnimi kategorijami zbirke CAB. Ti dokumenti so bili skupno opremljeni s 1313 različnimi kategorijami. Družboslovna tematika se najbolj prepleta z ekonomiko, sledijo gozdarstvo/lesarstvo, naravni viri (npr. voda, meteorologija, onesnaževanje), zdravje, biologija in prehrana ljudi, živilstvo, rastlinska proizvodnja in varstvo ter živalska proizvodnja.
Raziskave na področju geomagnetizma lahko označimo kot prve raziskave na področju geofizike. Opazovanje geomagnetnega polja je bistvenegapomena za razumevanje temeljnih postopkov v središču Zemlje, ...njeni skorji in bližnji okolici planeta Zemlja. V prispevku je predstavljena metodologija izbire lokacije za postavitev geomagnetnega observatorija na ozemlju Republike Slovenije. Izbira temelji na večstopenjskem in večkriterijskem modelu odločitve.Prvi del je zasnovan v okolju GIS kot postopek analize in vrednotenja prostora ter opredelitve lokacije glede na predhodno postavljena merila. Nadaljnja analiza temelji na metodi utežne vsote, saj moramoupoštevati različne skupine parametrov, ki v končni oceni primernosti lokacije nimajo enakega pomena. Pri zasnovi modela je bil poseben poudarek na izločitvi območij, kjer je mogoče pričakovati višjeravni elektromagnetnega šuma. Na potencialno primernih območjih so bili opravljeni terenski ogledi in preliminarne meritve homogenosti gradienta totalne intenzitete magnetnega polja ter absolutne, bazne intrikomponentne meritve geomagnetnega polja. ; The study of geomagnetic fields is one of the earliest studies in the field of geosciences. At present, measurement of the geomagnetic field is concerned with answering the fundamental questions about the Earth’s deep interior, mantel conductivity, structure and the thermo-mechanical properties of its crust, its lithosphere and the near-Earth environment. This paper presents a method that addresses the problem of site selection for a new geomagnetic field observatoryin the Republic of Slovenia. The method relies on a multi-stage multi-criteria decision model. The Geographic Information System (GIS) was used as a platform enabling the management of the criteria data, spatial analysis, cartographic modelling and production of map layers. Feasible areas were produced using a Boolean overlay, followed by the application of the multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) method on feasible areas to select the best one. Furthermore,preliminary measurements of geomagnetic fields were observed, including the measurement of the total-intensity gradient of the magnetic field vector, the measurement of the geomagnetic field at a basepoint, as well as the absolute and the three componentmeasurements of the geomagnetic field.
Načrtovanje raznih dejavnosti v prostoru je zahtevno in odgovorno. Terja dobro poznavanje naravnih in družbenih razmer, poleg tega pa morajo biti rezultati v procesu načrtovanja podani čim bolj ...nazorno. V prispevku smo na primeru občine Kočevje skušali določiti najbolj primerne nepozidane površine za morebitno širjenje poselitve z vidika naravnih in družbenih dejavnikov. Pri tem smo uporabili metode geografskih informacijskih sistemov.
Spoznati preferencije potrošača je složen istraživački zadatak. Proces izbora nekog proizvoda i njegova kupovina temelji na većem broju dimenzija, kriterija i faktora koji konvergiraju u svijesti ...potrošača u trenutku kupovine. Zato je poseban istraživački zadatak je otkriti što potrošač ocjenjuje u procesu izbora proizvoda, koja njegova svojstva i obilježja. U radu se polazi od pretpostavke da kupac uvijek postavlja određene kriterije i na temelju subjektivne procjene njihovih relativnih važnosti donosi odluku i bira određenu alternativu. Kompleksnost odluke i napor potrošača je izravno proporcionalan iznosu novca potrebnog za kupovinu. Ipak, proces kupovine je izomorfan u odnosu na proizvod koji se kupuje. Drugim riječima, proces kupovine slijedi određene zakonitosti i logiku neovisnu o predmetu kupovine. Pretpostavka je da se kupovina temelji na vrednovanju različitih kriterija i alternativa. Zato je nužno prikupiti veliki broj podataka, obaviti složene obrade nad tim podacima i spoznati preferencije potrošača. Takav istraživački zadatak je moguće obaviti samo izgradnjom odgovarajućeg marketing informacijskog sustava za potporu odlučivanju.
PDF
