Direct capture of CO2 from air is a concept that, if successfully implemented, could lead to capture of CO2 from disperse sources. We have developed process models to consider the viability of ...adsorption-based air capture technologies. Our models focus on using an amino-modified silica adsorbent, TRI-PE-MCM-41, and a structured monolithic contactor unit. We have studied several different temperature swing adsorption processes using the purity of CO2 and annual product throughput as metrics for comparing process performance. This analysis identifies some of the operational parameters, adsorbent characteristics, and other factors that have a significant effect on the performance of the process. Using the total energy requirement of the process and available sources of energy, such as low pressure steam and electricity, we carry out an economic analysis to obtain a net operating cost for air capture of CO2. We identify a process with a daily throughput of ∼1.1 t CO2 at 88.5% purity using standard shipping container sized air capture units. The total energy required (6745 MJ/t CO2) is dominated by the parasitic lossessensible heat requirements of the contactor (40%) and the adsorbent (28%) and not by the mechanical energy associated with air flow (∼5%). On the basis of our analysis of factors such as source of electricity, availability of low pressure steam, and geographic location, the net operating cost of capture is estimated to be ∼$100/t CO2. These cost estimates do not include capital expenses necessary to construct or maintain the air capture units. Potential strategies for further reducing the energy and monetary cost of these processes are identified. Our analysis supports continued work to establish the technological and economic feasibility of adsorption-based air capture.
Measuring Culture JOHN W. MOHR; CHRISTOPHER A. BAIL; MARGARET FRYE ...
08/2020
eBook
Social scientists seek to develop systematic ways to understand how
people make meaning and how the meanings they make shape them and
the world in which they live. But how do we measure such ...processes?
Measuring Culture is an essential point of entry for both
those new to the field and those who are deeply immersed in the
measurement of meaning. Written collectively by a team of leading
qualitative and quantitative sociologists of culture, the book
considers three common subjects of measurement-people, objects, and
relationships-and then discusses how to pivot effectively between
subjects and methods. Measuring Culture takes the reader
on a tour of the state of the art in measuring meaning, from
discussions of neuroscience to computational social science. It
provides both the definitive introduction to the sociological
literature on culture as well as a critical set of case studies for
methods courses across the social sciences.
This book provides an up-to-date reading of Capital Volume I, emphasizing the relevance of Marx's analysis to everyday twenty-first century struggles. Harry Cleaver's treatise outlines and critiques ...Marx's analysis chapter by chapter. His unique interpretation of Marx's labour theory of value reveals how every theoretical category of Capital designates aspects of class struggle in ways that help us resist and escape them. At the same time, while rooted within the tradition of workerism, he understands the working class to include not only the industrial proletariat but also unwaged peasants, housewives, children and students. A challenge to scholars and an invaluable resource for students and activists today.
Ferdigheiter i samfunnskunnskapsemne skal setje elevar i stand til å delta i samfunnet på like vilkår, men vi veit lite om korleis dette skjer i praksis. For å skaffe meir inngåande kunnskap om ...ulikskap i ferdigheitstileigning har eg med inspirasjon frå Bourdieu (1985, 1977) sitt teoritilfang om sosial klasse og kulturell kapital og Barton (2015) intervjua elevar om fem undervisingssituasjonar eg har observert dei i. To oppgåvetypar viste seg særleg relevante for å få fram ferdigheiter: klasseromsdiskusjonar og drøftingsoppgåver. Problemstillinga er: Har elevar med ulik sosial klassebakgrunn ulik oppleving og verdsetjing av samfunnsfaglege ferdigheiter? Middelklasseelevar sine opplevingar av ferdigheiter til å skrive drøftingsoppgåver verka meir prosessorienterte ved at drøfting handla om å utforske ulike sider av ei sak. Samanlikna var arbeidarklasseelevane meir resultatorienterte og opptatte av å skrive korrekt faktainnhald. Når det kom til klasseromsdiskusjonar, opplevde middelklasseelevane desse som interessante der deltaking handla om å utforske og lære i samtale med andre. Samanlikna opplevde arbeidarklasseelevane oftare deltaking som stressande, og om å presentere rett svar. Desse skilja blir relaterte til kunnskapskulturelle forventingar om danning som i hovudsak middelklasseelevane oppfattar. I tillegg fortel middelklasseelevane at dei får betre karakterar enn arbeidarklasseelevane som fokuserer på fullføring av skulefaget. I tråd med Bourdieu og Passeron (1990) fortel middelklasseelevane om korleis dei lærer ferdigheiter heime, og verkar ha ein meir omfattande læringsprosess enn arbeidarklasseelevane. Vidare forsking bør tydeleggjere kva ferdigheiter er og utvikle undervisinga for studie-, yrkes- og samfunnsdeltaking.
Responses to Marx's Capital: From Rudolf Hilferding to Isaak Illich Rubin is a collection of primary sources, translated from German and Russian, dealing with the reception of the economic works of ...Karl Marx from the First to the Third International.
Like skydiving without a parachute Friedman, Sam; O'Brien, Dave; Laurison, Daniel
Sociology (Oxford),
10/2017, Volume:
51, Issue:
5
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
There is currently widespread concern that access to, and success within, the British acting profession is increasingly dominated by those from privileged class origins. This article seeks to ...empirically interrogate this claim using data on actors from the Great British Class Survey (N = 404) and 47 qualitative interviews. First, survey data demonstrate that actors from working-class origins are significantly underrepresented within the profession. Second, they indicate that even when those from working-class origins do enter the profession they do not have access to the same economic, cultural and social capital as those from privileged backgrounds. Third, and most significantly, qualitative interviews reveal how these capitals shape the way actors can respond to shared occupational challenges. In particular we demonstrate the profound occupational advantages afforded to actors who can draw upon familial economic resources, legitimate embodied markers of class origin (such as Received Pronunciation) and a favourable typecasting.
Die Ökonomisierung der Bildung ist ein aktuelles, weit verbreitetes, aber nicht immer einfach zu erkennendes Phänomen. Diese leicht verständliche Einführung bietet eine Klärung der Grundbegriffe ...sowie drei verschiedene Theorieperspektiven, mit denen Prozesse der Ökonomisierung fassbar gemacht werden können: von Uwe Schimank und Ute Volkmann, Pierre Bourdieu sowie von Michel Foucault und Ulrich Bröckling. Sie zeigt an verschiedenen pädagogischen Praxisfeldern anschaulich wie beispielhaft ihr Voranschreiten und dient mit Reflexionsfragen und Literaturempfehlungen als Fundament für eine weiterführende Beschäftigung mit dem Thema.
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•An innovative self-recuperative expander-based integrated process.•Offshore coproduction of LNG, LPG, and Pentane-plus.•Commercial feasibility of integrated LNG-LPG-condensate ...production process.•Energy and exergy analysis are performed.•Environmental impact in terms of CO2 emissions was also calculated.
In the current scenario of energy challenges, natural gas (NG) and associated liquids such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) are considered to be clean energy sources compared with coal and oil. Liquefaction is one of the most feasible and safe approaches for transporting NG from the site of production to the site of consumption. However, NG processing to produce liquefied natural gas (LNG) and LPG is extremely costly in terms of both operating and capital expenses because it requires a tremendous amount of energy, particularly at offshore sites. We have developed a new liquefaction process that uses N2 self-recuperation rather than external precooling with 80% less energy consumption than that required by existing single N2 expander processes. In this work, we evaluate the use of an innovative self-recuperative expander-based integrated process to produce LNG–LPG–pentane plus (condensate) at an offshore site in an energy-efficient manner with minimal capital expenditure. Thermodynamic and economic analyses were performed to evaluate the commercial feasibility of the proposed process. Furthermore, the environmental impact in terms of CO2 emissions was calculated. This study reveals that LNG–LPG can be produced at a specific energy expense of 0.2362 kW with a payback period of 1.38 years.
Social Capital and Health Kawachi, Ichiro; Subramanian, S. V; Kim, Daniel
2007, 2008, 2007-11-15, 20080401
eBook
This text discusses social capital, a concept that originated in the social sciences, & its application to the field of public health. The editors take care to define the concept of social capital, ...describe its theoretical origins, & discuss the controversies & debates surrounding the use of the concept in public health research.
The present study investigates the relationship of PsyCap with objective and subjective career success. Based on conservation of resources theory (COR Theory) and psychological capital theory (PsyCap ...Theory), we assume that career-specific resources, in particular protean career attitude, career planning, and internal and external networking, are important mechanisms that mediate the relationship between PsyCap and both outcomes. We tested our assumptions by means of time-lagged path analysis with R and the lavaan package in a sample of 1110 German academic scientists. Our results indicate a positive relationship between PsyCap and career success. However, we found differential effects regarding the assumed mediation for subjective and objective career success. The effect of PsyCap on subjective career success is mediated by protean career attitude and career planning. The effect of PsyCap on objective career success is mediated by external networking. Our results strengthen the research of PsyCap as a predictor of career success. However, the results also imply that the relationship between PsyCap, career-specific resources, and both aspects of career success is more complex than expected.
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