This paper explores the transformation of the German employment and industrial relations model from a political economy approach. Using the IAB Establishment Panel, the evolution of atypical ...employment and the coverage of the dual system of industrial relations is analysed in different groups of firms. Additionally, using a shift-share technique, we estimate the impact of the change in the employment structure on this process. The results reveal that once institutional constraints were relaxed, firms across the whole economy increased their use of flexible work and individualized the wage bargaining. Moreover, our findings suggest that structural change played a minor role in the process.
Temporary Agency Work (TAW) is a unique employment model involving a three-way relationship between a posted worker, an employment agency, and a client organization, enabling clients to adjust their ...labour force in response to fluctuating demands, but also raising concerns about job precariousness. Achieving a balance between flexibility and employment and social security is crucial for integrating TAW effectively into the labour market.TAW arrangements within the labour markets of the EU are confronted by specific contemporary dynamics, including fluctuations and seasonality of labour demands, labour scarcity in some professions and labour migration. Building on a case study of the TAW legislation development in Slovenia, this study aimed to elucidate the repercussions of these challenges on the regulatory landscape of TAW, potentially illuminating the prospective evolution of labour law standards throughout the EU.Despite the inherent limitations of case studies, the findings suggest that a detailed legal framework providing strong rights for posted workers and controlled flexibility for clients can be operational in addressing particular labour market challenges. TAW has the potential for further growth, particularly in supporting groups with limited labour market access and in filling professional gaps, by facilitating the integration of foreign workers.
On the basis of the data derived from China's 2005 1% population sample survey, this paper examines regional and personal factors that shape locations chosen by China's interprovincial skilled ...migrants. It aims to evaluate the relative weight of employment opportunities, and amenities, and the ownership structure of economy in determining skilled migrants' destination choices, and the extent to which such place-based factors work differently among different types of skilled individuals. The results indicate that China's skilled migration is driven mainly by interregional income differentials and that regional variations in amenities and ownership structure play a less important role in this regard. Furthermore, compared with college diploma holders, bachelor's degree holders are more responsive to wage levels and are less sensitive to the risk of unemployment, whereas those with managerial and professional occupations and those without hukou at the destinations are more sensitive to wages and employment possibilities. In addition, there is little evidence that the effects of amenities differ greatly across life-course groups, but those holding hukou at the destinations are more attracted to places with ample government-provided amenities. The findings suggest that at least in the first half of 2000s, China's skilled people prioritise career prospects over amenity-related issues in their migration decisions and that institutional arrangements continue to affect interregional movements of skilled labour in China. Adapted from the source document.
This open access textbook provides an introduction to theories, concepts and methodological approaches concerning various facets of migration and migration-related diversities. It starts with an ...introduction to migration studies and continues with an introductory reading of migration drivers, migration infrastructures, migration flows, and several transversal topics such as gender and migration. It also covers politics, policies and governance as well as specific research methods. As an interactive guide, this book develops an innovative format that brings a connection with various online sources. This means that whereas the chapters bring together literature in a coherent way, they are also connected to IMISCOE's online interactive Migration Research Hub for further reading and for more empirical material on migration and diversity. As such, this textbook provides a very useful introductory reading for undergraduate and graduate students as well as for policymakers, policy advisors, and all those interested in studies on migration and migration-related diversities.
Abstract This research presents the design of Career Counselling Information System (CCIS), a web-based career counselling information system. The research aims to reveal a design framework for a ...web-based career information system integrated with universities' labour market performance to support career guidance processes. This research is structured as a design-based research approach. This research presents the results of the first cycle of design-based research. The research follows a five-step process: (1) analysis, (2) design, (3) development, (4) implementation, and (5) evaluation. The analysis phase identifies indicators, universities/departments, and labour market profiles. The design phase configures the system architecture. The development phase creates the platform. A pilot study involved 30 career counsellors after CCIS development. The system was examined with 14884 career counsellors during implementation. Feedback from 40 career counsellors guided improvements. CCIS digitally transforms Türkiye's universities and departments labour market performance profiles. Career counsellors highlight CCIS indicators as essential for career decisions. The research's performance indicators and systems are expected to enrich career guidance, labour market information, and career information system literature.
This paper assesses the impact of covid-19 pandemic, measured through work mobility reduction, and e-commerce growth on the labour market using data from Indonesian labour force surveys and ...e-commerce transaction values. The findings confirm that the pandemic adversely affects workers' employment prospects, work hours, total earnings, and hourly earnings. E-commerce growth does not counteract the adverse impact of the pandemic as expected, but it plays a role as an employment buffer during the crisis, although it tends to suppress workers' earnings. Our results imply that more efforts are needed to improve the productivity of workers involved in e-commerce.
► Parental education positively affects recent graduates’ occupational returns (status and wage). ► The strength of this association varies according to higher education and labor market features. ► ...Type of qualification mediates the relation between parental education and occupational outcomes. ► This mediation role is stronger in Norway and lower in Italy.
This paper analyses whether social origins affect labor market outcomes (wage and occupational status) of a recent cohort of graduates and whether the type of qualification obtained (program length, field of study and institutional quality) accounts for this relationship. We use data from the 2005 Reflex survey on European graduates in 4 countries (Germany, Norway, Italy, and Spain) which were selected on the basis of their institutional profiles. Results from binomial logistic regression models indicate that those with tertiary educated parents are more likely to have a highly rewarded occupation in all the countries except Germany. Moreover, the effect of parental education is greater on occupational status than on wages. The Karlson-Holm-Breen decomposition method shows that the type of qualification obtained contributes to the reproduction of social inequality in the labor market, but its mediating role is greater in Norway and smaller in Italy, with Spain in the middle. A discussion of the institutional differences between the countries tries to explain the sources of this variation.
The report reviewed the complex of fundamental problems of the Russian Far East development in the context of providing the region's economy with the necessary labor resources. The main directions ...and development characteristics of the migration situation in region are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the analysis of problems of formation and realization in the Far East of the migration policy. The possible ways and solutions in the area of increasing the migration attractiveness of eastern territories are specified. The development of tasks related to the complex of unresolved problems in the field of attracting and using foreign labor migrants was given.
The employability of young graduates has gained increasing importance in the world of work of the 21st century. Higher education (HE) institutions churn out millions of graduates annually to the ...labour market, but at the same time, employers highlight their lack of requisite skills to sustain employment opportunities. The literature extensively illustrates the relevance of employability programmes in supporting the connection between these two parties throughout the educational process. This paper presents the findings of a comparative analysis on the extent to which HE institutions' employability programmes in Italy, Nigeria, and Palestine promote career development skills in young adults. The analysis highlights different backgrounds and levels of structuring of the programmes for reducing youth unemployment. Nonetheless, a common trend is observable in the strong synergy with stakeholders in the development and organisation of programmes in order to respond to labour market requirements and students’ aspirations.
