Integrating local knowledge into English learning material is crucial in this globalized era as it has multiple functions, such as building students’ identity, motivating them to learn, making them ...attached to their culture, and preserving their local knowledge. Anchored by the curriculum theory, this study systemically developed an Acehnese Islamic cultural knowledge-based lesson material for learning English by students at senior high school and analyzed its quality based on the curriculum perspective. In doing so, this study involved EFL teachers using Tiagarajan’s 4D (Define-Design-Develop-Disseminate) model for developing the English learning material as a supplementary material for senior high schools. Local knowledge, such as Molod Nabi, Meuleumak, and Toroyong, was selected to be its content. Its quality was then assessed based on the quality criteria of a curriculum product, such as validity and practicality. The results revealed that the Acehnese local culture knowledge-based EFL lesson material for senior high schools is valid based on the teachers’ perceptions. It contains state-of-the-art knowledge and is practical for teaching English to foster the deradical characters of senior high school students. In conclusion, using the 4D model in collaboratively developing the local knowledge-based EFL English lesson material is beneficial for producing high-quality curriculum products.
Demonstration lessons are used in China to provide models of quality music instruction. However, to date, no research has been done on the quality of demonstration lessons and how this relates to the ...improvement of school music education in China. This content analysis provides an insight into China’s music demonstration lesson implementation and its contextual adaptation for student-centered education (SCE). A total of 19 music demonstration lessons over 760 minutes have been examined, using both a systematic observational method and a qualitative thematic analysis method to look at in-class behavior and interaction. An analysis of data reveals that: (a) direct content-driven activities are still taking dominant roles in class, (b) students’ individuality is seldomly promoted, (c) activity-based lesson structures have become prevalent, and (d) sequential patterns under a behaviorist perspective still can be seen in China’s demonstration lessons. Although findings may not necessarily represent exactly what is happening in a regular school setting and it reveals a different adaptation of SCE compared to an international perspective, it serves as a starting point for understanding the official educational views of China and a different angle in perceiving the adaptation of SCE in practice under China context.
Although posterior myelotomy leaves patients with dorsal column deficits, few reports have explored the anterior cervical approach for cervical intramedullary tumors. The authors describe the ...resection of a cervical intramedullary ependymoma through an anterior approach with a two-level corpectomy and fusion.
A 49-year-old male presented with a C3-5 ventral intramedullary mass with polar cysts. Because of the ventral location of the tumor and the added benefit of avoiding a posterior myelotomy and dorsal column deficits, an anterior C4-5 corpectomy offered a direct route and excellent visualization of the ventrally located tumor. After a C4-5 corpectomy, microsurgical resection, and C3-6 anterior fusion with a fibular allograft filled with autograft, the patient remained neurologically intact. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on postoperative day (POD) 1 confirmed gross-total resection. The patient was extubated on POD 2 and was discharged home on POD 4 with a stable examination. At 9 months, the patient developed mechanical neck pain refractory to conservative treatment and underwent a posterior fusion to address pseudarthrosis. MRI at 15 months showed no evidence of tumor recurrence with the resolution of neck pain.
An anterior cervical corpectomy provides a safe corridor to access ventral cervical intramedullary tumors and avoids posterior myelotomy. Although the patient required a three-level fusion, we believe the tradeoff of decreased motion compared to dorsal column deficits is preferred.
BACKGROUND Chronic cough is a common but challenging clinical condition that can adversely affect the safety of awake surgical endeavors such as awake craniotomy (AC). This case lesson highlighted a ...patient with severe refractory chronic cough undergoing AC for resection of a recurrent left frontal, insula, anterior temporal anaplastic ependymoma of the eloquent cortex. OBSERVATIONS The patient was successfully managed using a multifaceted medical treatment regimen combined with preoperative and intraoperative cough suppression therapy with a speech-language pathologist. The patient coughed only once intraoperatively and had a positive outcome. LESSONS Chronic cough is often multifactorial and requires a multifaceted treatment approach. Despite this challenge, select patients can successfully be navigated through AC with appropriate treatment for their condition. A review of neurogenic cough and modern treatments, which were used in this patient and would be helpful to neurologists or neurosurgeons, are also discussed.
BACKGROUND Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive neuroendocrine tumor with a high likelihood of distant metastasis. Approximately 30 cases of MCC brain metastasis have been reported. ...The authors report a case of MCC brain metastasis with imaging findings mimicking primary central nervous system lymphoma. OBSERVATIONS A 69-year-old asymptomatic White female with a past medical history of rheumatoid arthritis and MCC of the right cheek with no known regional or distant spread presented with a right frontal lobe lesion discovered incidentally on a surveillance scan. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed a vividly enhancing homogeneous lesion with restricted diffusion on diffusion-weighted imaging and corresponding apparent diffusion coefficient maps. Imaging characteristics suggested a highly cellular mass consistent with primary central nervous system lymphoma; however, given the likelihood of metastasis, resection was recommended. An intraoperative frozen section suggested lymphoma. However, further examination revealed positive cytokeratin 20 staining for a tumor, and a final diagnosis of MCC brain metastasis was made. LESSONS Imaging characteristics of MCC brain metastasis can vary widely. A high level of suspicion should be maintained in a patient with a known history of MCC. Aggressive resection is recommended, regardless of appearance on scans or pathology of frozen sections, because MCC can mimic other intracranial pathologies.
This article reports a classroom-based inquiry in which a group of pre-service language teachers were guided to engage in a lesson study project focusing on the incorporation of the framework of big ...ideas into language teaching. Specifically, the study zooms in on the student teachers’ exercise and development of critical thinking (CT) through the lesson study process. Relying on data from semi-structured interviews and classroom artifacts, the findings reveal that the introduction of big ideas in lesson study served as a crucial knowledge base for the participants’ pedagogical sense-making, thus contributing to their CT. The process of lesson study, characterized by a progressive structure, tailored scaffolding, and constructive feedback, also facilitated their development of CT skills and dispositions, which in turn contributed to their understanding and application of the big idea framework within the lesson study process. While the participants encountered some negative feelings in the process (e.g. due to the competitive atmosphere brought by the ‘same topic and different design’ arrangement), they tried to turn such emotions into a stimulating source for their CT growth and professional learning. In light of the research results, pedagogical implications for teaching and teacher education were put forward in the end.
BACKGROUND Cranial and spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks are associated with opposite CSF fluid dynamics. The differing pathophysiology between spontaneous cranial and spinal CSF leaks are, ...therefore, mutually exclusive in theory. OBSERVATIONS A 66-year-old female presented with tension pneumocephalus. The patient underwent computed tomography (CT) scanning, which demonstrated left-sided tension pneumocephalus, with an expanding volume of air directly above a bony defect of the tegmen tympani and mastoideum. The patient underwent a left middle fossa craniotomy for repair of the tegmen CSF leak. In the week after discharge, she developed a recurrence of positional headaches and underwent head CT. Further magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and thoracic spine showed bilateral subdural hematomas and multiple meningeal diverticula. LESSONS Cranial CSF leaks are caused by intracranial hypertension and are not associated with subdural hematomas. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for intracranial hypotension due to spinal CSF leak whenever “otogenic” pneumocephalus is found. Close postoperative follow-up and clinical monitoring for symptoms of intracranial hypotension in any patients who undergo repair of a tegmen defect for otogenic pneumocephalus is recommended.
Mata pelajaran pendidikan jasmani merupakan mata pelajaran wajib yang diberikan kepada peserta didik mulai dari jenjang pendidikan dasar hingga pendidikan menengah. Hasil wawancara dan observasi ...terhadap guru PJOK di SMP Negeri Garawangi Kabupaten Kuningan, terdapat temuan bahwa masih adanya kesulitan bagi guru PJOK dalam mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran seperti merancang pembelajaran yang inovatif, sehingga berimplikasi terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini untuk menguatkan kompetensi pedagogi guru pada mata pelajaran PJOK melalui lesson study. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang kami lakukan berupa pengayaan kepada MGMP Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga dan Kesehatan (PJOK) SMP gugus Kecamatan Garawangi Kabupaten Kuningan yang dilaksanakan pada tanggal 13 – 14 Maret 2018. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi lapangan kegiatan pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh guru model dan peserta didik. Alat dan bahan yang digunakan lapangan sepakbola, rancangan pembelajaran (chapter design), ruangan untuk focus group discussion (FGD) refleksi guru dan observer, dan lembar observasi. Hasil pengabdian adalah; 1) peserta didik melaksanakan pembelajaran dengan berpikir kritis, kreatif, kolaboratif, dan komunikatif. 2) kegiatan pembelajaran terdiri dari pendahuluan, inti, dan penutup. 3) refleksi atau evaluasi hasil pembelajaran. Kesimpulan dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini diantaranya; 1) guru bersama merancang perencanaan pengajaran (chapter design), guru dan peserta didik melaksanakan pembelajaran (Do), dan refleksi hasil pembelajaran (See).
Physical education subjects are compulsory subjects given to students ranging from elementary school to university education. The results of interviews and observations of physical education teachers at SMP Negeri Garawangi, Kuningan Regency, said that they still had difficulties in developing learning tools such as designing innovative learning, so that it had implications for student learning outcomes. The purpose of this service activity is to share knowledge in strengthening teacher pedagogical competencies in physical education subjects through lesson study. Community service activities that we carried out were in the form of enrichment to the MGMP of Physical Education, Sports and Health (PJOK) of the SMP group Garawangi District, Kuningan Regency which was held on March 13-14 2018. The data collection technique was in the form of field observations of learning activities carried out by model teachers and students. The tools and materials used are the football field, the lesson plan (chapter design), the room for focus group discussion (FGD) for teacher and observer reflection, and observation sheets. The results of service are; 1) students carry out learning by thinking critically, creatively, collaboratively, and communicatively. 2) learning activities consist of introduction, core, and closing. 3) reflection or evaluation of learning outcomes. Conclusions in this service activity include; 1) the teacher together designs the teaching plan (chapter design), the teacher and students carry out the learning (Do), and the reflection of the learning outcomes (See).
Changes in society demand constantly evolving education systems. Teachers' practice is crucial to the successful implementation of educational reforms. A major obstacle for practicing teachers in ...implementing reform mathematics is that they have not experienced it themselves as learners. Consequently, teachers require extended, practice-based professional development to support them in the implementation phase of reform endeavours. Japanese Lesson Study has increased in popularity internationally as a professional development model due to its potential to facilitate teachers to learn in and from the practice of teaching. This self-study examines two mathematics teacher educators' first experience of facilitating Lesson Study with Irish primary in-service teachers. Reflection on the Lesson Study carried out with in-service teachers in 8 urban schools revealed three critical incidents that promoted deeper understanding of the context. The findings provide insights into the realities of managing and leading Lesson Study with in-service teachers, in particular the various barriers affecting teacher engagement. Alternative approaches to practice to address these challenges are also identified.
BACKGROUND Hemangiomas are common benign vascular lesions that rarely present with pain and neurological deficits. Symptomatic lesions are often treated with endovascular embolization. However, ...transarterial embolization can be technically challenging depending on the size and caliber of the vessels. Moreover, embolization can result in osteonecrosis and vertebral collapse. OBSERVATIONS Here the authors report the first case of a T10 vertebral hemangioma treated with transpedicular Onyx embolization aided by a robotic platform that guided pedicle cannulation and Craig needle placement. An intravenous catheter was attached to the needle and dimethylsulfoxide was infused, followed by Onyx under real-time fluoroscopy. Repeat angiography demonstrated significantly reduced contrast opacification of the vertebral body without compromise of the segmental artery. A T9–11 pedicle screw fixation was performed to optimize long-term stability. The patient’s symptoms improved and was stable at the 6-month follow-up. LESSONS Transpedicular embolization of vertebral hemangiomas can be performed successfully under robotic navigation guidance, avoiding complications seen with the intra-arterial approach and allowing for simultaneous pedicle screw fixation to prevent collapse and delayed kyphotic deformity. During the same procedure, a biopsy specimen can be collected for pathology. This technique can help to alleviate patient symptoms while avoiding complications associated with transarterial embolization or open resection.
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