This anthology presents successful examples of "research work" by teacher education students. Seminar concepts from the fields of natural sciences, music, educational science, mathematics and art, ...applied social psychology and the subject of German are presented. The volume is framed by a comprehensive theoretical introduction to the concept of research-based learning and its implementation at Leuphana University Lüneburg.
In diesem Sammelband werden gelungene Beispiele von „Forschungsarbeiten“ von Studierenden der Lehrkräftebildung dargestellt. Dazu werden Seminarkonzepte aus den Bereichen Naturwissenschaften, Musik, Bildungswissenschaft, Mathematik und Kunst, der angewandten Sozialpsychologie sowie dem Unterrichtsfach Deutsch vorgestellt. Gerahmt wird der Band durch eine umfangreiche theoretische Einführung in das Konzept des forschenden Lernens und seiner Umsetzung an der Leuphana Universität Lüneburg
BACKGROUND Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes disease is a rare and heterogeneous entity that has been associated with autoimmune, hereditary, and malignant diseases. There is controversy about its ...etiopathogenesis, clinical course, and therapeutic management. OBSERVATIONS The authors report a case of a 61-year-old man with a history of progressive headache without any other symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed multiple irregular lesions with an initial diagnostic impression of meningiomatosis. An excisional biopsy was performed, and the pathology report stated the finding was Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes disease. LESSONS The uniqueness of this case is its rarity. The isolated intracranial location presents many diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, with radiological and clinical characteristics similar to those of other central nervous system tumors. There is currently no clear evidence of the pathogenesis and therapeutic management of this condition. Follow-up of these patients will help elucidate the natural history of this condition and the benefits of various treatment modalities.
The 2021–2030 Neglected Tropical Diseases road map calls for intensified cross-cutting approaches. By moving away from vertical programming, the integration of platforms and intervention delivery ...aims to improve efficiency, cost-effectiveness and programme coverage. Drawing on the direct experiences of the authors, this article outlines key elements for successful integrated surveys, the challenges encountered, as well as future opportunities and threats to such surveys. There are multiple advantages. Careful planning should ensure that integration does not result in a process that is less efficient, more expensive or that generates data driving less reliable decisions than conducting multiple disease-specific surveys.
•Impacts of COVID-19 on energy demand and consumption have been substantial.•The changes in energy intensity (GDP/Mtoe) presented spatial-temporal differences.•System thinking is recommended to ...analyse how to stabilise energy demand.•The energy recovery presents heterogeneous characteristics in countries/regions.•The rebound effects of digitalisation in energy consumption need to be assessed.
COVID-19 has caused great challenges to the energy industry. Potential new practices and social forms being facilitated by the pandemics are having impacts on energy demand and consumption. Spatial and temporal heterogeneities of impacts appear gradually due to the dynamics of pandemics and mitigation measures. This paper overviews the impacts and challenges of COVID-19 pandemics on energy demand and consumption and highlights energy-related lessons and emerging opportunities. The discussion on energy-related issues is divided into four main sections: emergency situation and its impacts, environmental impacts and stabilising energy demand, recovering energy demand, and lessons and emerging opportunities. The changes in energy requirements are compared and analysed from multiple perspectives according to available data and information. In general, although the overall energy demand declines, the spatial and temporal variations are complicated. The energy intensity has presented apparent changes, the extra energy for COVID-19 fighting is non-negligible for stabilising energy demand, and the energy recovery in different regions presents significant differences. A crucial issue has been to allocate and find energy-related emerging opportunities for the post pandemics. This study could offer a direction in opening new avenues for increasing energy efficiency and promoting energy saving.
Iron deficiency (ID) is one of the most frequent comorbidities in patients with heart failure (HF) and is estimated to be present in up to 80% of acute patients regardless of their ejection fraction. ...Randomized controlled trials have shown that supplementary intravenous iron results in improved clinical outcomes; however, the current understanding of the effects of intravenous iron on morbidity and mortality remains limited.
The meta-analysis pooled individual participant data from three randomized placebo-controlled trials of ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) in adult patients (
= 4,501) with heart failure and iron deficiency (CONFIRM-HF, AFFIRM-AHF, and HEART-FID). FCM therapy significantly reduced the co-primary composite endpoint of total cardiovascular hospitalizations and cardiovascular death, with a rate ratio (RR 0.86; 95% CI 0.75 to 0.98;
= 0.029). FCM therapy was associated with a 17% relative rate reduction in total cardiovascular hospitalizations (RR 0.83; 95% CI 0.73 to 0.96;
= 0.009) and a 16% relative rate reduction in total heart failure hospitalizations (RR 0.84; 95% CI 0.71 to 0.98;
= 0.025).
The meta-analysis shows that in iron-deficient patients with heart failure and reduced or mildly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) is associated with a reduced risk of total cardiovascular hospitalization and cardiovascular mortality. These findings indicate that intravenous FCM should be considered in iron-deficient patients with heart failure and reduced or mildly reduced ejection fractions.
The DELIVER trial investigated the efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin in patients with heart failure and preserved or mildly reduced ejection fraction. The trial demonstrated that dapagliflozin ...significantly reduced the risk of worsening heart failure or cardiovascular death compared to placebo. The benefit was mainly driven by a decrease in heart failure hospitalizations, with no significant impact on mortality. Patients with different ejection fractions and diabetes status showed similar treatment effects. Dapagliflozin also improved functional capacity and quality of life. These findings support the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors in HFpEF and HFmrEF, potentially influencing clinical practice and future guidelines.
Coffee is a popular beverage and the most used psychostimulant worldwide. Habitual coffee consumption has been linked to a growing list of health benefits; however, coffee consumption has been a ...source of longstanding debate. Recent observational studies have challenged the misconception of caffeine and reported the safety and beneficial effects of coffee intake on a range of cardiovascular (CV) conditions, including coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, heart failure, and stroke, leading to a decreased risk of CVD, all-cause and CVD mortality, and being associated with favorable CV outcomes. However, the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of caffeine remain speculative, and there is a lack of dedicated studies aimed at addressing the impact of different coffee subtypes on clinical outcomes such as CVD, arrhythmia, and mortality. Study and Results: The study included 449,563 UK Biobank participants, free of cardiovascular problems at enrollment (median age 58 years; 55.3% females). The median follow-up time was 12.5 years. Drinking 4 to 5 cups/day of ground (HR 0.83; 95% CI 0.76-0.91;
< .0001) or 2 to 3 cups/day of instant (HR, 0.88; 95% CI 0.85-0.92;
< .0001) coffee (but not decaffeinated coffee) was associated with a significant reduction in incident arrhythmia, including AF. Habitual coffee intake of up to 5 cups/day was associated with significant reductions in the risk of incident CVD, CHD (HR 0.89, CI 0.86-0.91,
< 0.0001), CCF (HR 0.83, CI 0.79-0.87,
< 0.0001), and ischemic stroke (HR 0.84, CI 0.78-0.90,
< 0.0001). Coffee consumption led to significant reductions in all-cause mortality (HR 0.86, CI 0.83-0.89,
< 0.0001) and CV mortality (HR 0.82, CI 0.74-0.90,
< 0.0001). Consumption of ground coffee at all levels significantly reduced the risk of all-cause and CV mortality. There was no significant difference in the incidence of CVD among all intake categories or across all coffee subtypes.
The results from the UK Biobank indicate that mild-to-moderate consumption of all types of coffee is linked to improved CV outcomes and a lower risk of cardiovascular disease and death, with caffeinated coffee significantly reducing the risk of arrhythmias, including AF. Daily coffee intake should not be discouraged by physicians, even in the presence of a newly developed cardiovascular disease. Whether coffee will be prescribed in the future to prevent CVD and improve cardiovascular health depends on further evaluation of the physiological mechanisms and elucidation of the specific protective effects of coffee consumption.
In this text we discuss how power, mathematics and cryptography establish dialogues that are considered critical for the present, but which have influence from the past and concerns for the future. ...We contextualize our reflections from a historical perspective, especially in the Brazilian context, and advance the debates about how cryptography, based on mathematical theories, influenced and dynamized wars. Going a little beyond this historical context, we present some reflections concerning the role of cryptography as a means of data security, one of the main discussions in contemporary society. In this reflection, we point out the position of power that the holders of this knowledge occupy, and that, in the scope of basic school, lacks important discussions for both teachers and students.
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide with heart failure (HF) being one of the significant contributors to morbidity and mortality. The incidence of HF with preserved ...ejection fraction (HFpEF) is increasing, especially in young adults making it a growing public health matter. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have been shown to reduce the development, progression, and mortality of heart failure in patients with reduced EF regardless of patients' diabetes status but their clinical benefits in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction are less well-established. Recent trials have shown reductions in cardiovascular death and heart failure events in patients with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction (EF), although with uncertainty around the consistency of clinical benefits across the classes and therapeutic effects. Study and Results: The meta-analysis used data from trials on patients with mildly reduced or preserved EF (DELIVER and EMPEROR-Preserved), reduced EF (DAPA-HF and EMPEROR-Reduced), and those hospitalized (SOLOIST-WHF). The endpoints evaluated included a composite of time to cardiovascular (CV) death or first hospitalization for heart failure, cardiovascular death, all-cause death, first and recurrent heart failure hospitalizations, and urgent heart failure visits (not requiring hospitalization). Among 12251 participants in the DELIVER and EMPEROR-Preserved trials, SGLT2 inhibitors reduced composite cardiovascular death or first hospitalization for HF (HR 0.80 95% CI 0.73-0.87) with consistent reductions in both components: cardiovascular death (HR 0.88 95% CI 0.77-1.00) and first hospitalization for HF (HR 0.74 95% CI 0.67-0.83). In the broader analysis of the five trials with a total of 21 947 participants, SGLT2 inhibitors reduced the risk of composite cardiovascular death or hospitalization for HF (HR 0.77 95% CI 0.72-0.82), cardiovascular death (0.87 0.79-0.95), first hospitalization for heart failure (HR 0.72 95% CI 0.67-0.78), and all-cause mortality (HR 0.92 95% CI 0.86-0.99). These treatment effects for each of the studied endpoints were consistently observed across all five trials and across the HF subgroups, including those on mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction.
SGLT2 inhibitors significantly reduce the risk of mortality and worsening of heart failure and improve patient symptoms and overall health status across the full spectrum of ejection fraction. SGLT2 inhibitors should be considered foundational therapy in all patients with heart failure, irrespective of LVEF or care setting. The results presented propose an update of the recommendations for the pharmacological treatment of heart failure, to prioritize the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients across the full EF spectrum. Future investigations should include the long-term benefits of the use of SGLT2 inhibitors among the different HF subgroups, including the performance of SGLT2 inhibitors in those excluded from the current heart failure trials.
The paper offers a critical analysis of the basic characteristics, as well as didacticmethodological values and shortcomings of the out of the classroom lessons of Science and Social Studies. The ...goal of the analysis is to discover the possibilities that this type of teaching and learning provides in the operationalization of the goals and outcomes of the teaching content of this school subject and other teaching content, especially in terms of two types of classroom teaching: school in nature and ambiental teaching. Although these are two different types of educational work, both school in nature and ambiental teaching, if wellplanned and professionally implemented, offer numerous opportunities in all phases of the teaching process. The ultimate goal is the mental engagement of students as an indicator of quality teaching.
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