Although nearly all domain experts agree that carbon dioxide emissions are altering the world's climate, segments of the public remain unconvinced by the scientific evidence. Internet blogs have ...become a platform for denial of climate change, and bloggers have taken a prominent role in questioning climate science. We report a survey of climate-blog visitors to identify the variables underlying acceptance and rejection of climate science. Our findings parallel those of previous work and show that endorsement of free-market economics predicted rejection of climate science. Endorsement of free markets also predicted the rejection of other established scientific findings, such as the facts that HIV causes AIDS and that smoking causes lung cancer. We additionally show that, above and beyond endorsement of free markets, endorsement of a cluster of conspiracy theories (e.g., that the Federal Bureau of Investigation killed Martin Luther King, Jr.) predicted rejection of climate science as well as other scientific findings. Our results provide empirical support for previous suggestions that conspiratorial thinking contributes to the rejection of science. Acceptance of science, by contrast, was strongly associated with the perception of a consensus among scientists.
Defence is the Best Offence Hertwig, Markus; Kirsch, Johannes; Wirth, Carsten
Work, employment and society,
06/2019, Volume:
33, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The article considers how (new) forms of horizontal disintegration, like onsite subcontracting, challenge and change the industrial relations institutions of the German coordinated market economy ...(CME). Focusing on firm-level co-determination practices, it analyses how works councils respond to strategies of onsite subcontracting and what effects their responses have for the employment system. Based on evidence from 12 case studies, it is argued that although onsite subcontracting might prompt institutional erosion, this does not pass uncontested. Rather, practices of network-oriented employee representation on the part of works councils might bring about an ‘institutional completion’, in this case, the institutionalisation of the network as an additional point of reference for employee representation. This may stabilise and even extend the scope of existing CME institutions through a process of ‘institutional upgrading’. In some areas of the economy, however, management and works council practices are more likely to exacerbate dualisation and social inequality.
Analiza dyskursu transformacji systemowej w latach 90. XX wieku w Rosji została przeprowadzona na podstawie tekstu źródłowego pt. Inteligencja na zgliszczach ojczyzny (1996) autorstwa konserwatywnego ...publicysty Siergieja Kara-Murzy. Rozważania rozpoczęto od doprecyzowania pojęcia systemu, jego części składowych, mechanizmu zachowania równowagi funkcjonalnej oraz ram czasowych transformacji. Opierając się na wnioskach z analizy dyskursu zbudowano model systemu, na podstawie którego jest możliwe prześledzenie niespójności, polegającej na rozluźnieniu zależności między fundamentalnymi systemu: wartościami. Druga warstwa analizy systemowej to słowa, które są nacechowane ambiwalencją. Pytanie o ich semantykę odsłania kierunek transformacji systemu – ku wzrostowi równowagi funkcjonalnej, bądź ku jej zaburzeniu. Pytanie o rolę inteligencji sprowadza się do jej kompetencji w zakresie rozpoznania niuansów znaczeniowych oraz zbudowania takich modeli systemu, które wykażą potencjalne niebezpieczeństwa zderzenia sprzecznych wartości zanim dojdzie do realizacji postulatów w praktyce. W tym aspekcie model systemu, według którego można prognozować przebieg transformacji systemowej, ma funkcję diagnostyczną i prognostyczną.
This study examined the relationships among entrepreneurial orientation (EO), experimental learning (EL) and acquisitive learning (AL), and firm performance (FP). We tested our model in China as EO ...is the engine that is driving firms to take advantage of opportunities in an increasingly market–oriented transitional economy. From the responses of 607 firms, we found that EO was positively related to EL but had an inverse U–shaped relationship with AL. Both EL and AL enhanced FP although the effects from AL were weaker and became nonsignificant when external knowledge was embedded into the firm's internal private knowledge.
The theme of this article was chosen because it is very important to be able to determine the way in which certain factors might influence the performance of a firm. The impact that the business ...environment in Romania and the EU have upon the SMEs in our country represents an area of high interest. The profound changes in our economy and society since 1989 have triggered an ample process of moving from a centralized economy to a free market economy and now an emerging market economy, that has been liberated from the past under these new principles. The new role of the state in the economy and society has led to the reconsiderations of some categories and concepts, such as efficiency, cost effectiveness, price, risk and even business failure, that cannot be measured at a macroeconomic level and then at a firm level, but the other way around. Under these circumstances the firm becomes the core cell of the economy, that is influenced by all of the market specific factors such as uncertainty and risk. The fundamental problem of the existence, operation and development of the firms under the complex conditions of the market economy is the unfolding of an efficient and profitable activity. The reasoning of this research is based on the need to respond to the issues, that most SMEs in Romania confront themselves nowadays. Managers are forced to find solutions to relaunch the business. The profound changes in our economy and society have triggered an ample process of moving from a centralized economy to a free market economy, that has been liberated from the past under these new principles. The creation of this new economy involved privatizations of state owned companies, restructurings, liquidations, insolvencies but at the same time the emergence of new firms. Economic agents gained full autonomy, passing the entire responsibility of decision-making at a microeconomic level. The development of more and more SMEs and start-ups in Romania, offers the possibility of a professional and social fulfilment, for a significant part of the population, especially for its most active and innovative segment, which drives the economy of our country nowadays.
Western Germany introduced the model of a Social Market Economy after World War II. This model has become an example of socio-economic reforms for many European countries. In the initial phase of the ...development of the new socio-economic policy concept, the postulate of "prosperity for all" was especially appealing as it considers economic policy and social policy as a whole. In subsequent years of development, particularly at the end of the twentieth century, the model of a Social Market Economy has become a source of foundation for creating new concepts and ideas that would include more aspects of responsible and sustainable development combined with proper care for resources and the natural environment. In the view of this, the aim of this paper is to attempt to answer the question of to what extent the Social Market Economy model can lay the foundation for sustainable, responsible and ecological development. In order to be able to answer such a research question, the author based his reasoning and analyses on the theory of ordoliberalism and the following research methods: factual analysis, comparative analysis and analysis of selected publications. The main findings of the research are that the concept of Social Market Economy contains numerous elements that can foster the implementation of the sustainable, responsible and ecological development of countries and societies.
An introduction to market devices Muniesa, Fabian; Millo, Yuval; Callon, Michel
The Sociological review (Keele),
October 2007, Volume:
55, Issue:
s2
Journal Article
This paper reviews the legal aspect of the formed and changing perceptions of the Communist Party of Vietnam on the socialist-oriented market economy (SME). The authors assess the reflection of that ...awareness in the 2013 Constitution and the practical implementation of Vietnam’s participation in recent free trade agreements. We find there have been important changes in perceptions related to the SME before the enactment of the 2013 Constitution. However, the reflection of awareness about that policy in the 2013 Constitution is not enough and has caused several challenges to its enforcement, especially regarding the legal system and global economic integration. The authors here also point out conflicts between the policy of building a SME in Vietnam with the requirements of free trade in terms of theory and recent practical agreements, raising questions of whether those conflicts could be acceptable and how to address them.
Over time, the market economy has undergone many changes caused by the processes underlying its operation, and have focused on the scarcity of resources, interdependencies between economic agents, ...intensified exchanges, technical and scientific progress and computerization of economic systems. Given the many variables that act and ensure the functionality of the contemporary market economy, it is particularly important that the interdependencies between them be addressed in terms of sustainability. This paper addresses sustainability as a condition for supporting sustainable economic development, starting from the main links that support economic growth, namely production and consumption. Sustainable economic growth must be accompanied by measures to optimize the processes that characterize production and consumption, aiming at reducing resource waste, maximizing the intrinsic value of waste from economic activity and ensuring an infrastructure that makes it possible to move from the linear economy to the circular economy. Starting from the current stage of the steps taken to ensure sustainable economic development, the paper presents the main challenges faced by supply and demand, representing shortcomings in ensuring the road to circularity.
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