Sol-gel processed alumina (Al
2
O
3
) thin film has been investigated for sensing moisture. The sensor was based on ordered nanoporous Al
2
O
3
thin film, which consisted of gold electrodes on both ...sides of the film forming parallel plate capacitor. Alumina substrate was used for supporting thin film moisture sensor. Hydrophilicity was achieved by controlling the surface energy of the substrate and polymer (polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)) optimization was done for developing rigid thin film over it. A high change in capacitance was observed as the moisture level increased from 5 ppmV to 500 ppmV. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results revealed that pores were distributed uniformly throughout the sample, which enhanced the adsorption of water molecule over the film. X-ray diffraction (XRD) study clearly confirmed the gamma (
γ
) phase of alumina thin film. It was found that the sensitivity of our sensor was suitable for commercial application.
This paper proposes an IoT-based Fertilizer Recommendation system that can send the data from the soil testing kit directly to the ThingSpeak platform. An application named Earthworm has been ...developed which can access and retrieve data for the prediction of desired fertilizer based onthe nutrient values provided by the testing kit. This application(web app) can provide multiple features like a request for soil testing and drone service, a demo video on how to use the app, achatbot, and a purchase link for buying the recommended fertilizer. The low-cost, compact-sized, soil testing kit has been provided with a hybrid power supply model which enhances itsflexibility of usage.
Our research presents an IOT-based irrigation method for agriculture. IoT is one of the new technologies of the twenty-first century. The agriculture industry is undergoing a transformation because ...of the Internet of Things (IoT), which is also fixing the tremendous problems or substantial challenges that farmers now face in the field. IoT and wireless connectivity might be helpful and time-saving for farmers. This paper offers a comprehensive review of existing IoT-based applications and research in the agricultural sector. While previous research papers have presented complex devices that can be challenging for farmers to operate and interpret, our proposed system focuses on simplicity and user-friendliness. This irrigation system is designed to be easily understood and used by farmers. The proposed system makes use of an Arduino-UNO, a Bluetooth module, and a soil-moisture sensor. By utilizing an Arduino UNO, our system enables real-time monitoring of various parameters, with a primary focus on soil moisture levels. Recognizing that different plant species have unique water requirements, our proposed system allows farmers to set customized threshold moisture levels for their crops. When the soil moisture falls below the defined threshold, the system activates the motor, initiating the irrigation process. By avoiding both overwatering and underwatering, this system contributes to improved agricultural practices.
Soil moisture content is one of the key foundations in precision agriculture applications since it has a direct impact on the growth rate as well as the plant quality of the crop. However, most of ...the existing soil moisture sensors come with high prices as well as complications in use, or poor quality or measurement with bad durability. In this study, we propose a monopole antenna-based sensor with a compact size, good accuracy, and affordable price. The result shows a good performance of the sensor with root mean square of error (RMSE) of 0.3584, maximum absolute error of 3.16% volumetric water error.
Embedded Assistive Stick for Visually Impaired Persons Sharma, Himanshu; Tripathi, Meenakshi; Kumar, Amit ...
2018 9th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT),
2018-July
Conference Proceeding
In this paper, a smart stick is intended and executed to aid blind persons so that they can walk independently without much difficulty. Firstly, pothole detection and avoidance system are implemented ...by setting the ultrasonic sensor at 30-degree angle on a suitable blind stick to sense if there is a hole or staircase in front of the blind at about 30 cm distance to avoid a person from falling and as a result may be producing many damages. Secondly, a moisture sensor is placed at the down of stick to measure the degree of water land soil moisture in forward-facing of the user and aware him as soon as that degree exceeds a measured level that may submerge the foot of him. Thirdly, knee above obstacle detection and avoidance system is implemented by using an additional ultrasonic sensor on the top of the stick to turn an alarm and vibration ON when there is a person, obstacle or wall at a distance of 50 cm in front to avoid an accident and thus helping the person to move independently. Fourthly, an ultrasonic sensor is placed down the stick at about 20 cm from the ground level to detect and avoid knee below obstacles and stairs at a distance of 70 cm in front of the user. Fifthly, a wireless remote consisting of RF modules (transmitter and receiver) is implemented, so if a person drops stick or forget it somewhere, he can press a switch of the remote consisting of transmitter part, and as a result alarm with vibrations will turn on, so the user can know the location of the stick. The stick is implemented practically using single wheel leg blinding cane, Arduino microcontroller three ultrasonic sensors RF modules. Also, two buzzers and two vibration motor are used on the stick to fit on when any difficulties occur.
We have developed a thin film microsensor based on interdigital electrodes deposited on a glass substrate. If the film side of the sensor chip is pressed onto human skin, the change of capacitance ...can be used as a measure for the water content of the skin. As the front side of the sensor must remain flat, the interconnection wires have been fixed at the backside of the chip. In this paper we report on measurements with a frequency of 100
kHz to 2
MHz and a voltage of 100
mV. We compare measuring results on normal skin, atopic (dry) skin and skin moisturized by a humectant.
Precision agriculture is a rapidly growing field that has seen experienced substantial investment and adoption in recent years. The adoption of precision agriculture is driven by the need to produce ...more food to feed a growing global population, while minimizing the environmental impact of agriculture. Thefactors such as the increasing use of precision farming techniques, advancements in agricultural technologies, and the growing demand for food as drivers of this growth. Overall, precision farming is a promising approach it has the capacity to completely alter how we generate food. The application of IoT, artificial intelligence, and machine learning can definitely help farmers to optimize their crop yield while reducing the amount of human labour required.The implementation of using a NodeMCU, a DHT11 sensor, and a soil moisture sensor to create an unexpensive automatic watering system is a great starting point.
Fertilizer Sensing and Solar based RTC Water Pumping Lakshmi, A. Jaya; Krishnaveni, V.; Vinuthna, G. ...
2023 Third International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS),
2023-Feb.-2
Conference Proceeding
Many developments have happened in the recent times by applying new technologies in various fields. Precising to agriculture, use of these technologies not only save time and energy but also bring ...advancements to various processes. Using agricultural technologies for irrigation and fertilizer sensing eases work to farmers one of which including use of Solar Power for automatic water pumping to conserve energy. Fertilizers content in soil causing soil and water pollution cannot be neglected. Hence, this system has been proposed to know if fertilizers are being used in required amounts. A Solar based water pumping is also present additionally to pump water based on soil moisture. A RTC is used to keep track of soil moisture thus pumping water over a fixed interval of time.
A thin film platinum electrode-based electrolytic moisture sensor for the measurement of lower concentrations of moisture in gas streams with flow rates lesser than 5
ml/min was designed. The thin ...film electrode was fabricated with pulsed laser ablation technique and screen printing. The PL-ablated electrode showed deterioration after 80
h of operation. The screen-printed thick film electrode sustained for more than 12
months. The response of the sensor was absolute and so the electrolytic and non-electrolytic currents were deduced. The sensor recovery time from either extreme dry or moist conditions was 70
s. The concentration of trace moisture in an argon cylinder was identified using the present design and the values were found to be 3.97
±
0.07
ppm at cylinder pressure of 150
kg/cm
2 and 37.41
±
0.27
ppm at 30
kg/cm
2. In addition to the sensitivity up to 1
ppm the present design could detect the sensor failure during operation.
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