Many extensions of the multivariate normal distribution to heavy-tailed distributions are proposed in the literature, which includes scale Gaussian mixture distribution, elliptical distribution, ...generalized elliptical distribution and transelliptical distribution. The inferences for each family of distributions are well studied. However, extensions are overlapped or similar to each other, and it is hard to differentiate one extension from the other. For this reason, in practice, researchers simply pick one of many extensions and apply it to the analysis. In this paper, to enlighten practitioners who should conduct statistical procedures not based on their preferences but based on how data look like, we comparatively review various extensions and their estimators. Also, we fully investigate the inclusion and exclusion relations of different extensions by Venn diagrams and examples. Moreover, in the numerical study, we illustrate visual differences of the extensions by bivariate plots and analyze different scatter matrix estimators based on the microarray data.
Relation extraction (RE) aims at extracting the relation between two entities from the text corpora. It is a crucial task for Knowledge Graph (KG) construction. Most existing methods predict the ...relation between an entity pair by learning the relation from the training sentences, which contain the targeted entity pair. In contrast to existing distant supervision approaches that suffer from insufficient training corpora to extract relations, our proposal of mining implicit mutual relation from the massive unlabeled corpora transfers the semantic information of entity pairs into the RE model, which is more expressive and semantically plausible. After constructing an entity proximity graph based on the implicit mutual relations, we preserve the semantic relations of entity pairs via embedding each vertex of the graph into a low-dimensional space. As a result, we can easily and flexibly integrate the implicit mutual relations and other entity information, such as entity types, into the existing RE methods.Our experimental results on a New York Times and another Google Distant Supervision datasets suggest that our proposed neural RE framework provides a promising improvement for the RE task, and significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art methods. Moreover, the component for mining implicit mutual relations is so flexible that can help to improve the performance of both CNN-based and RNN-based RE models significant.
SGUARDI INCROCIATI GRECO-SCITICI Ognibene, Paolo
Electrum (Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Instytut Historii),
01/2017, Volume:
24
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Over time, the Greek world repeatedly changed its opinion of the Scythians. Originally the Greeks regarded them as a just and egalitarian society, whereas later they focused instead on their cruel ...and ferocious character, before finally stressing their invincibility. Similarly, the attitude of the Scythians towards the Greek world changed over time. This article examines the misunderstandings between two very different types of societies, as well as considering the Scythian vision of the Achaemenid world, albeit through Greek mediation.
The purpose of research is to analyze strength of mutual trade relations between Kazakhstan and the EAEU countries. In addition, identification of the competitiveness of Kazakhstan export goods, in ...particular copper ore to the markets of the EAEU countries. To achieve the identified research goal, we examine the theoretical and practical integration issues. The results show that as long as the Trade Union is established, the share of mutual trade and investment has increased. However, the remaining unresolved issues impede the implementation of the Union's goal, that is freedom of goods, services, finance and labor mobility. The authors highlight and describe the characteristic features that have contributed to the EAEU establishment. It has been brought to the sharp focus that the EAEU competition is intensifying in the current context to ensure the objective basis for considering Public Regulation of Agricultural Sector. Along, this research, the author used methodological approaches to underline the changes of integration processes: analysis of mutual relations and sectoral analysis as well as approaches of scientific abstraction, comparative analysis and a retrospective analysis of integration processes that had been carried out. To make analysis of Kazakhstan's trade relations with the EAEU countries, the author implemented various approaches. In particular, materialist dialectics, the rising from the abstract to the concrete, induction and deduction, comparative analysis, and other approaches that made it possible to analyze the development of the trade relations between Kazakhstan and the said countries were implemented. These approaches enhanced identification of the strengths and weaknesses of the trade development in Kazakhstan and explored the dynamics of mutual flows either investments or goods.The conclusion contains some summarizing notes addressed to strengthening of economic ties within the Union.
Over the course of the prolonged US war in Vietnam, the bloodiest one after World War II, it became obvious that there was no alternative to a negotiation process. Important reasons were the ...impossibility for Washington to win the battlefield and the rise of anti-war sentiment in the United States. The author tried to show how certain psychological characteristics of US leaders led to the war and then eventually to negotiations. When started negotiations were accompanied by military action. The course of the war and negotiations was influenced by Soviet military assistance to the DRV, as well as by relations in the triangle of the USSR - USA - China. The time of detente between the USSR and the USA coincided with war in Vietnam, which influenced the behavior of the Soviet leaders, as evidenced by the recollections of the USSR ambassador to the United States A. Dobrynin.
The Politburo of the Central Committee had disagreements regarding Vietnam and detente with the United States. But the war weakened US international stance and contributed to the achievement of strategic agreements with the USSR.
The main objectives of the DRV in the negotiations were to stop US bombings and then withdrawal of US troops. The United States sought to maintain the Saigon puppet regime for some time after the withdrawal of its troops from South Vietnam. Washington’s main goal was to “save its face”, declaring defeat a “victory”. To achieve this goal the war and negotiations dragged on for years, and on the eve of the signing of the agreements, the most fierce bombing of the DRV was carried out.
Thanks to the powerful air defense created with the help of the USSR, the DRV won the “air Dien Bien Fu”.
The United States was forced to sign a peace agreement, which provided for the complete cessation of all US military operations in Vietnam, the withdrawal of all American troops, but left the North Vietnamese forces in South Vietnam together with the armed forces of the National Liberation Front along with the decaying and doomed to death Saigon regime. In 1975 its army was defeated the regime capitulated, which ensured the subsequent reunification of South and North Vietnam.
The Vietnamese people defeated the American colossus, having suffered terrible sacrifices themselves, but achieved the national goal - the withdrawal of the Americans and the unification of the country. The full support of Vietnam can be seen as a successes story of Soviet foreign policy.
Dialectic is a concept that means the ability to argue leading to confirmation or questioning the thesis. Derived from ancient time, various currents of understanding the concept of dialectics in the ...modern world are subject to redefinition and constitute the basis for the functioning of the sphere of interactions in the international arena. Today’s discourse on the relationship between various entities boils down to the claim that hard power began to give way to soft power. The implementation of dialectic assumptions in the functional space of the soft power of the state makes it possible to conclude that, today, entities on the international stage, pursuing their particular interests, do not always use a narrative that is consistent with reality. Therefore, an important aspect of mutual interaction is making an objective analysis of phenomena and events that form the basis for establishing various types of relationships on the world stage.
The method of increase of efficiency of work of labor collective is developed and approved due to the improvement of socially psychological climate. On the basis of the questionnaire questioning, ...utilizing separate expert descriptions of mutual relations of people in a collective, the integral index of mutual relations is measured in a collective, measures are then developed for the correction of conduct of his cocks with the purpose of improvement of morally psychological climate
Hatshepsut and Tuthmosis III were represented as seemingly equal kings on the sidewalls of the Second Room of the Main Sanctuary of Amun in the Temple of Hatshepsut in Deirel-Bahari. Iconographic ...analysis reveals the relationship between the two rulers, demonstrating thedifferent and discreet ways in which Hatshepsut emphasized her dominant position and Tuthmosis’ssecondary one during their co-rule. The quality of the representations is just as crucial as theirnumber for understanding their relationship. Hatshepsut used among others the symbolism of thecardinal points, orientation of figures and the hierarchy of attributes to emphasize the difference intheir positions. The four scenes in question are the most representative examples of these fixed rulesin the Deir el-Bahari temple.
PurposeThe exchange approach in management has viewed employee and employer relationship as a mutual relation, and this notion offers a causal explanation for the exchanges that occur between ...employee and employer. The purpose of the paper is to use the notion of “mutual relations” in the employment context to reflect on similar conceptions from the Islamic perspective and to throw light on Muslim obligations in employee–employer mutual relations seeking for benefits and preventing harm.Design/methodology/approachThis paper draws on observations of other scholars in exchange theories based on reciprocity norm, well-being (maslaha), Islamic spiritual bases (taqwa, seeking for halal), work ethics in Islam and other Islamic teachings play toward understanding the nature of employee–employer mutual relationship from Islamic perspective. Two main social exchange theories (SET) are discussed to give a comprehensive view to the paper’s issue along with the literature reviewed from early Muslim scholars’ works, sayings of Prophet Muhammad PBUM and Holy Qur’an.FindingsThe literature indicates that it is possible to identify common ethical and contractual obligations in the employer’s and employee’s mutual relations from Islamic ideology. Given the paucity of research on employment relations in Islam, the paper offers an original perspective on this topic.Originality/valueThe paper concludes that a Muslim work obligation has to be based on the understanding of the scope and nature of the contract between employee and employer. Allah (The All-Knowing) knows that even if all obligations in employee and employer mutual relations are clear, human error might occur.
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