The maritime dimension defense strategy model is a part of the Archipelago Marine Defense Strategy, referring to the dynamics or developments in the strategic environment and the capabilities of ...available national resources. In carrying out an assessment of the defense strategy of the archipelagic nation's sea dimension, it is determined by the influence and interaction of interrelationships between balancing aspects of Naval Forces and Integrated Fleet Weapons Systems (SSAT) with Threat aspects as a complex system, so an analysis is needed to get a value on the assessment defense strategy of the maritime dimension of the archipelagic state, which consists of aspects of developing the strength of the Navy and aspects of Potential Threats. So it needs to be compiled in a dynamic model that can represent a value in the assessment of the marine defense dimension of the archipelagic nation which is projected based on the time dimension up to the next 15 years. In this research, the researchers compiled a system dynamic model approach to obtain an assessment of the value of each variable and sub-variable. The results of the formulation and simulation model on the assessment of the sea dimension defense strategy, obtained values based on the following strategic scenarios: (1) Fleet In Being defense strategy at an index value of 5.72, (2) Blockade defense scenario 5.72, (3) Defense scenario Decesive Battle 5.73, (4) combined scenario between fleet in being and blockade 5.72, (5) combined scenario of fleet in being and decesive battle 5.78, (6) combination scenario of blocakde and decesive battle 5.73 and value sea defense based on current SSAT capabilities in the 15th year of 5.9, included in the alert category/quite safe.
Despite having regional interests and abundant natural resources to secure while great-power competition is developing in South America, the roles and objectives of the Brazilian Armed Forces are ...strongly related to missions other than external security. In this direction, what are the main challenges regarding the relationship between defence policy, defence budget, and force structure in Brazil? To address this research problem, we explore an analytical approach that connects defence policy to budget execution in the context of civil-military relations in Brazil. The methodological framework of the paper adopts a qualitative approach, choosing a single case study as its research design. To cope with the classical limitations of the single-country study we adopted a broader historical perspective to raise observations. Thus, the paper deals with two levels of analysis: international (geopolitical landscape) and domestic (Ministry of Defence). Based on official documents and budgetary data between 1999 and 2021, we trace the major consequences of the Brazilian Armed Forces' continuous involvement in internal security issues, such as public safety, border security, environmental crimes, and migration crises. The paper shows that the current profile of Brazil’s military spending, which is characterised by relatively high costs on personnel and low investments, has detrimental effects on defence acquisitions, training, operations, and readiness. Our main argument is that the share of personnel expenditure is a fundamental challenge for Brazilian defence policy in the coming years.
Apesar de ter interesses regionais e recursos naturais abundantes para assegurar enquanto ocorre uma competição entre grandes potências na América do Sul, os papéis e objetivos das Forças Armadas no Brasil estão fortemente relacionados a missões outras que não a segurança externa. Neste sentido, quais são os principais desafios na relação entre política de defesa, orçamento de defesa e estrutura de força no Brasil? Para responder a este problema de pesquisa, exploramos uma abordagem analítica que conecta a política de defesa à execução orçamentária no contexto das relações civis-militares. A estrutura metodológica do artigo adota uma abordagem qualitativa, escolhendo um estudo de caso único como desenho de pesquisa. Para lidar com as limitações clássicas desse tipo de estudo, adotamos uma perspectiva histórica mais ampla para levantar observações. Assim, o texto trabalha com dois níveis de análise: internacional (cenário geopolítico) e nacional (Ministério da Defesa). Com base em documentos oficiais e dados orçamentários de 1999 a 2021, buscamos identificar as principais consequências do envolvimento contínuo das Forças Armadas em questões de segurança interna, tais como segurança pública, segurança de fronteiras, crimes ambientais e crises migratórias. O estudo mostra que o perfil atual dos gastos militares brasileiros, caracterizado por custos relativamente altos de pessoal e baixos investimentos, apresenta efeitos danosos para aquisições de defesa, treinamento, operações e prontidão. Nosso principal argumento é que a parcela dos gastos dedicada a pessoal será um desafio fundamental para a política pública de defesa brasileira nos próximos anos.
Angus L. Macdonald Henderson, T. Stephen
Angus L. Macdonald,
c2007, 20070421, 2007, 2007-01-01, 2007-04-21, 20070101
eBook
This new work by T. Stephen Henderson is the first academic biography of Macdonald, whose life provides a framework for the study of Canada's pre- and post-war transformation, and a rare opportunity ...to compare the political history of the two periods.
The insecurity area from the proximity of the Romanian territory has always been dynamic, fluid and characterized by insecurity issues. In such context, Romania could never be able to preserve the ...national security by its own powers. For eliminating such major deficiencies, Romania has made efforts towards the integration made efforts towards the integration in certain alliances that would give it security guarantees. Nevertheless, Romania has not relied in exclusivity on alliances for preserving the national security. From this perspective, Romania has prepared its own forces and means to fulfil this objective, until the potential alliance forces intervention. This attitude is maintained in the present days, when Romania is a member of the North Atlantic Treaty, and unless the activation of the 5
article of the Treaty, it must provide the national defence through its own forces and means. Still, according to our opinion, these forces and means destined to serve such purpose are insufficient and, consequently, they should be supplemented with other forces and means generated by the constitution of the National Guard, this compensating for the existing deficit. We consider that by taking this direction, we could go back to the long-lasting tradition of the National Guard in Romania, and to the example of the most powerful armies in the world: SUA, Great Britain, France etc. Starting from these considerations, we would like to further speak about the constitution of the National Guard in Romania.
The development of Territorial Army (TA) since 1900 has raised question on the TA’s ability to help the permanent teams (MAF and MA) in defending the nation’s safety. TA is one of the security team ...sources of energy under the Total Defence concept introduced in 1986. However, with numerous issues faced, TA’s ability is questioned about the problems this organization are facing. The objectives of this writing are to see the problems faced by TA and the effects on MAF and MA’s abilities and readiness in defending the nation’s safety. Besides that, this writing also does an overall analysis on the problems faced by TA and the effects on MAF and MA’s abilities. This writing uses primary and official resources and strengthened with secondary information resources.
•Combining policy coherence and integration with sustainability transitions.•Policy document analysis explored the interplay of energy and security policies.•Security and defence at times integrated ...in energy policy, particularly in Estonia.•Lack of coherence between low-carbon energy transition and national security policy.•Security inferences of growing energy niches little covered in strategy documents.
Sustainable Development Goals aim for a better future, but gains are threatened by conflict and governance failures, exacerbated by climate change. While research on energy security is well-established, conceptual-analytical research on sustainability transitions has paid little attention to security threats as factors influencing transitions or security policy as part of policy mixes. This paper combines policy coherence and integration analysis of energy and security strategy documents with sustainability transitions’ research, considering how landscape pressures and energy niches are presented in documents pertaining to Estonia, Finland and Scotland during 2006–2020. The findings show that security and energy policies present a functional overlap. Yet, policy integration and coherence are insufficiently addressed, conflicts created by coexisting low-carbon and hydrocarbon-based security considerations. An increasingly multifaceted landscape creates a complicated policy environment where pursuing policy coherence becomes harder. Despite the accelerating energy transition, the security implications of energy niches have received too little attention.
Armed forces the world over have three primary functions – force development, force deployment and force employment. Defence policy plays a guiding role in all of these, but it is especially ...important in establishing the rationale for the creation of credible military deterrence. Usually, a defence policy presupposes the development of armed forces that are effective at executing their mandate, a condition that is measurablein terms of the discipline, skill and quality of the organisation. The study on which this article reports, used this concept to describe how change management – especially by focusing on incorporating effective prioritisation – could enhance the current defence policy. A general analysis of South African defence policy publications indicates that, indeed, the policymakers had thoroughly considered the effectiveness of the armed forces when they wrote the White Paper on Defence of 1996 and the Defence Review of 1998. By 2006, the South African Army had interpreted national defence policy and formulated a future strategy of its own very much in alignment with the ‘modern system’ approach of the original policy publications. The present study suggests that the principal reason for the large variance between defence policy, military capabilities, and real operational demands stems from the lack of effective prioritisation of defence. This article, therefore, concludes that the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) has been largely unsuccessful in complying with the demands of defence policy, irrespective of the fact that the policy by itselfmay be obsolete and/or inappropriate for the South African context. Furthermore, it is concluded that military effectiveness in meeting current operational demands is also doubtful. Finally, the schizophrenic organisational culture of the defence force may be the primary cause of its moving ever closer to reneging on its constitutional mandate.
In the context of promoting a fundamental and comprehensive reform of education and training in Vietnam, a decisive factor to the innovation of tertiary education is the quality of the lecturers. The ...article identifies several requirements placed on institutes directly under the Ministry of National Defence to improve the quality of the lecturing staff in the current context of education and training innovation. These requirements will be fundamental for a proposal of effective measures to improve the quality of lecturing staff in member institutes under the Ministry of Defence.
PDF
