The environmental factors in the educational spaces along with the other factors affect the teaching and learning process. One of the characteristics of environmental space is the type of ...relationship of each space with its outdoor space. This factor is more important, especially in the spaces where students spend long hours such as architectural design studios. Nowadays, outdoor spaces in academic environments provide functions like accessing to closed spaces and various buildings and creating their relationship. In this regard, the visual function is considered as another important function, which is often overlooked and less considered and created by the outdoor environments for indoor closed spaces. The main question is related to whether the type of the relationship between the closed space of the architectural design studio and the outdoor natural space is considered as an important factor in achieving students’ satisfaction with long hours working in this space based on the attention restoration theory or not. The present study aimed to examine the effect of the relationship between the indoor spaces of architectural design studios and outdoor environment on increasing students’ satisfaction. This research was conducted by combining the quantitative and qualitative methods. The population included 65 students majoring in architecture, who experienced designing classes in all three studied studios. This research compared three architectural design studios with different conditions of proximity and outward view. The research data were analyzed with SPSS software. The results indicated that the open and diverse outdoor natural landscape was more effective factor in increasing students’ satisfaction rather than among the various factors influencing the type of relationship between the studios and the outdoor space. Accordingly, designing the university landscape from the indoor closed spaces should be considered more, especially in spaces such as studios due to the long hours of attending and working of students.
Growing interest in the relaxation effect of nature has elicited demands for scientific verification of the various natural elements. This study investigated the physiological and psychological ...responses of 27 females in their 20 s to viewing a waterfall and urban images (control) presented via a large, high-resolution display for 90 s. High-frequency HF for parasympathetic nervous activity and the ratio of low-frequency (LF)/LF + HF for sympathetic nervous activity by heart rate variability and heart rate were recorded. Simultaneous changes in oxyhemoglobin concentration in the prefrontal cortex were recorded by near-infrared time-resolved spectroscopy. The modified semantic differential method and Profile of Mood States Second Edition were used to assess the psychological effects on the participants after viewing each image. The results showed that viewing the waterfall image, compared with viewing the urban image, (1) increased sympathetic nervous activity; (2) provided comfortable, relaxed, and natural impressions; (3) improved mood states. In conclusion, visual contact with a waterfall image physiologically activated sympathetic nervous activity and psychologically evoked positive moods and feelings.
A partir del análisis integrado del paisaje se efectúa la identificación, caracterización y valoración de Paisajes de Interés Natural (PIN) en un sector representativo del Parque Natural de Arribes ...del Duero enclavado en la provincia de Zamora (Castilla y León). La investigación parte del trabajo de campo, la interpretación paisajística del medio natural y su representación cartográfica. Sobre esta base se realiza la tipificación y jerarquización de las unidades de paisaje natural en tres niveles: conjuntos, tipos y unidades. A continuación se seleccionan los lugares y elementos paisajísticos de mayor interés natural en función de criterios de representatividad y singularidad. La posterior descripción permite realizar una evaluación de los valores científicos, culturales y de uso y gestión, a tenor de la cual se formaliza, en última instancia, un diagnóstico general de los PIN. Como resultado de la aplicación metodológica se han inventariado ocho PIN, de los cuales cinco han obtenido una valoración global alta. En definitiva, se desarrolla una herramienta que pretende facilitar la catalogación y calificación de los paisajes naturales a escala local, a la vez que generar un recurso territorial favorable para el desarrollo sostenible.
Este trabajo tiene como base las memorias y recuerdos de los pioneros de las estancias del noreste de la provincia de Santa Cruz y las producciones académicas obtenidas en dos décadas de trabajos de ...investigación del equipo donde se ha desarrollado la presente beca.
A través de distintas metodologías, incluidas entrevistas de historia oral, se ha buscado enlazar las formas de ver el paisaje natural prístino y solitario de comienzos del siglo XX, período de asentamiento de los primeros productores lanares, y relacionarlos con los actuales, que tienen una potencialidad turística.
De este modo, podrá ser posible desarrollar un concepto de cambio y antropización del paisaje en base a lo aportado en las entrevistas y los trabajos de relevamiento bibliográfico que llevaron a variadas producciones académicas del equipo que analiza ese mundo rural y las variaciones del patrimonio cultural y natural que llega al tiempo actual. El paisaje antrópico que va modificando geomorfológicamente el paisaje, también es un actor protagonista en su relación con el paisaje natural y cierra un circulo, cuyo núcleo comienza a partir del poblamiento de las estancias del noreste de la provincia.
Desde los resultados parciales aquí construidos será posible enriquecer los circuitos turísticos ya delimitados, atravesándoles una nueva mirada, aquella que evoque el recuerdo a través de historias personales y de la observación del paisaje, incluyendo los cambios en el mismo y su relación con la inmaterialidad del patrimonio cultural.
En esta propuesta se pretende abrir una puerta de trabajo y teorización en materias referidas a memorias, rescate, puesta en valor y turismo en base a las experiencias de investigación y sus producciones académicas.
While determining sustainable heritage development, it is important to consider how heritage satisfies human needs. The purpose of this study is to explore the pull and push factors in heritage ...tourism. This study generated 38 initial items of pull factor and 18 initial items of push factor toward heritage tourism to assess the significance of items influencing people’s decision to visit heritage sites. The study obtained 332 valid questionnaires to implement exploratory factor analysis to capture the pull and push factors. Four pull factors with 15 items and 2 push factors with 9 items were extracted. The pull factors consisted of heritage architecture, art activity, wide nature, and regional attraction, while the push factors comprised recreational benefits and long-term values. The study suggests that the heritage’s outdoor environment should be planned through wide landscaping and natural elements, while art activities can be promoted to enhance attractiveness.
This study provides the first record of Lasioglossum subfasciatum (Imhoff, 1832) (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Halictidae) in the Sila National Park (Calabria, Italy), a Biosphere Reserve included in the ...UNESCO program. The species has been classified as endangered (EN) on the IUCN Red List, throughout Europe. Three specimens were found during a monitoring activity, in May 2022. Here, we provide a description of the species, the environmental characteristics of the site where it was found and a chronological map of its European distribution.
The increasing development of vineyards in Mediterranean areas worldwide is considered a major driver of conversion of several habitats of conservation concern, including calcareous dry grasslands ...that are targeted for biodiversity conservation by the European Union, according to Natura 2000 policies. Here, we aim at evaluating the potential of extensive vineyards located in contrasting landscapes (semi-natural vs crop-dominated) for providing suitable habitat conditions to plant species associated with dry grasslands. This study was carried out in one of the economically most important winemaking districts of Italy, characterized by a hilly landscape with steep slope vineyards. We compared plant communities of vineyards in contrasting landscapes with those of the remnants of dry grasslands. Our study demonstrates that landscape composition strongly affects local plant communities in vineyards, with a positive effect of semi-natural habitats bordering the cultivated areas. Our findings thus supply an additional tool for improving the effectiveness of viticultural landscapes for nature conservation. In particular, our results indicate that vineyards on steep slopes could provide moderate chance for the conservation of plant specialists inhabiting calcareous dry grasslands, depending on the landscape composition: vineyards embedded in semi-natural landscapes have more potential for conservation than those in crop-dominated landscapes. Our study also indicates that conservation efforts should aim at (a) decreasing the current management intensity that likely hampers the beneficial effects of semi-natural habitats in the surrounding landscape on local plant assemblages, and (b) strictly conserving the remnants of dry grasslands that are irreplaceable refugia for habitat specialists and species of conservation concern.
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•The development of vineyards is a major driver of conversion of dry grasslands.•We test the potential of vineyards in contrasting landscapes for plant conservation.•Semi-natural habitats in the landscape positively affect plant diversity of vineyards.•Vineyards provide moderate chance for the conservation of plant of dry grasslands.•Remnants of dry grasslands are refugia for species of conservation concern.
Variations in landscape patterns can provide key information on the effects human activity has on landscapes, and consequently, have received increased attention in recent years. This paper mainly ...deals with the spatio-temporal variation and driving force of the landscape pattern on the Yancheng coast using remote sensing and GIS. The results indicate the following: (1) The landscape was mostly farmland from 1984 to 2008, not wetlands. The landscape matrix changed from a situation in which the natural landscape was equal to the artificial landscape in 1984, while the latter was dominant between 1990 and 2008. The area of natural landscape decreased considerably—the proportion of natural landscapes was 51.07% in 1984, while it decreased to 28.82% in 2008. Artificial landscapes increased significantly—the majority of the increased artificial landscapes were farmland and aquaculture ponds. (2) The changes in these landscapes showed a trend, changing from natural landscapes to artificial landscapes. Salinity is the decisive factor of this fixed route o the landscape successions of the coast. (3) Although Yancheng wetland nature reserve was established in 1984 and was designated as a National Nature Reserve in 1992, anthropogenic activities on the Yancheng coast continue apace, and the trend of natural landscape loss has not changed. (4) According to the analysis of the landscape transition rate of the Yancheng coast during each phase, we concluded that the main driving force of coastal landscape succession was anthropogenic activities. Our method provides a novel quantitative method to assess the driving forces behind landscape successions.
Важность природно-ландшафтных явлений в жизни человека отражается в языковых единицах, закрепляющих его преставления об окружающем мире. В статье анализируются тувинские паремии, включающие ...компоненты гора и скала, полученные приемом сплошной выборки из лексикографических источников, на фоне алтайского и бурятского языков. Межъязыковое сопоставительное исследование паремий в этнолингвокультурологическом аспекте проведено с использованием историко-этимологического, описательно-аналитического, лингвокультурологического методов. Как показывает проведенный анализ тувинских паремий в сопоставлении с единицами языков центральноазиатского региона, одной из наиболее частотных единиц, принадлежащих природному культурному коду, является в их составе компонент гора. Яркий образ горы лежит в основе тувинских паремий, чья семантика формируется через осознание и вербализацию различных признаков: прочности, незыблемости, крутизне и высоте горы — и связанных с ней представлений о недосягаемой вершине, трудном для перехода перевале, стабильности и неизменности различных предметов. Отмечены говорящими и некоторые признаки скалы (прочность, твердость, отвесность), совпадающие с характеристиками горы. Реализуемые в пословицах с образом горы идеи служат для выражения представлений о человеке, его возможностях, чертах характера и эмоциях, его целеустремленности и прилагаемых усилиях.Сопоставление тувинских паремий с единицами других языков, содержащих образ горы, показывает различия в количественных данных: тувинских и алтайских пословиц существенно больше, чем содержащих образ горы паремий других языков. Рассмотрение спектра признаков, актуализируемых в пословицах, показывает одинаковое отношение представителей разных культур в восприятии размера горы, что приводит к использованию ее образа как эталона большого количества и размера. Некоторые оказавшиеся значимыми для носителей одной или двух культур признаки горы и скалы оказываются неактуальными для мировидения других народов, в чем отражаются и реальные природные условия, и система аксиологически этномаркированных образов.
The lower valley of the Tamri contains significant natural landscape potential that could make in this mountainous area a competitive touristic territory. The geographical analysis of these ...landscapes is necessary for a better valorization, in order to guarantee the local development of this zone of the South-West Morocco. The geographical and landscape approach seems most relevant for the evaluation of the natural landscapes of the lower valley of Tamri, in order to better respond to their conservation, in a perspective of its valorization and the development of rural tourism. The aim of this article is to analyze these landscapes and to establish some ideas for the valorization of landscape heritage and to maintain the development of mountain areas. This work is an appeal to the various actors to associate around the landscape as a communication base, and to integrate its conservation and valorization into the decision-making process in the region. As a result, we plan to develop a landscape-trail map of the Tamri Valley that could serve as an example of large-scale generalization.
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