Business process models usually capture data exchanged between tasks in terms of objects. These objects are commonly standardized using reference data models that prescribe, among other things, ...allowed object states. Allowed state transitions can be modeled as object life cycles that require compliance of business processes. In this paper, we first establish a notion of compliance of a business process model with an object life cycle. We then propose a technique for generating a compliant business process model from a set of given reference object life cycles.
In this study, the properties of the object types required to describe the relationship among research data resources, which may be generated during the life cycle of the research, are derived. The ...properties of Fedora Commons and DSpace, which are open source software used for resource management, and schema properties published in DataCite were analyzed. Based on relation names of Fedora Commons, nine new relation names were derived. Thirty-eight object type properties consolidating the target properties of the analysis were derived. The result of this study can be used as basic material for crosswalk research studies of object type relation terms to ensure interoperability among the systems.
The new field of location proteomics seeks to provide a comprehensive, objective characterization of the subcellular locations of all proteins expressed in a given cell type. Previous work has ...demonstrated that automated classifiers can recognize the patterns of all major subcellular organelles and structures in fluorescence microscope images with high accuracy. However, since some proteins may be present in more than one organelle, this paper addresses a more difficult task: recognizing a pattern that is a mixture of two or more fundamental patterns. The approach utilizes an object-based image model, in which each image of a location pattern is represented by a set of objects of distinct, learned types. Using a two-stage approach in which object types are learned and then cell-level features are calculated based on the object types, the basic location patterns were well recognized. Given the object types, a multinomial mixture model was built to recognize mixture patterns. Under appropriate conditions, synthetic mixture patterns can be decomposed with over 80% accuracy, which, for the first time, shows that the problem of computationally decomposing subcellular patterns into fundamental organelle patterns can be solved.
ORM 2 Halpin, Terry
On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems 2005: OTM 2005 Workshops
Book Chapter
Peer reviewed
Object-role Modeling (ORM) is a fact-oriented modeling approach for specifying, transforming, and querying information at a conceptual level. Unlike Entity-Relationship modeling and Unified Modeling ...Language class diagrams, fact-oriented modeling is attribute-free, treating all elementary facts as relationships. For information modeling, fact-oriented graphical notations are typically far more expressive than other notations. Introduced 30 years ago, ORM has evolved into closely related dialects, and is supported by industrial and academic tools. Industrial experience has identified ways to improve current ORM languages (graphical and textual) and associated tools. A project is now under way to provide tool support for a second generation ORM (called ORM 2), that has significant advances over current ORM technology. This paper provides an overview of, and motivation for, the enhancements introduced by ORM 2, and discusses an open-source ORM 2 tool under development.
The American Association of Physicists in Medicine Task Group 18 has published standards and quality control (QC) guidelines to ensure consistency and optimal quality for digital image display ...systems (DIDSs). In many of these recommended QC tests, static test patterns that contain low-contrast objects are often used to assess and validate the quality of a DIDS. These low-contrast objects often have the shape of circular disks or squares with sharp edges, neither of which resemble most of the diagnostic findings in medical images. On the other hand, circular objects with fuzzy boundaries bear a closer resemblance to lung nodules in chest radiography and masses in mammography; thus, they may be more clinically relevant in assessing display system quality. In this article human observers’ contrast sensitivities of circular objects with sharp edges and those with fuzzy ones were investigated. The contrast thresholds of human viewers using a consumer-grade color LCD monitor and a medical-grade monochrome LCD monitor were measured for objects of various sizes displayed against uniform backgrounds with various luminance levels. Contrast-detail curves for circular objects with sharp edges and those with fuzzy boundaries were measured and compared. It was found that contrast thresholds for objects with fuzzy boundaries were higher (i.e., the objects were more difficult to detect) than those with sharp edges. Objects with fuzzy boundaries were potentially more sensitive in distinguishing quality differences among image display devices and thus may be a better QC measurement in detecting subtle deterioration in image display devices.
With the current surge of scripting technologies, large programs are being built with dynamically typed languages. As these programs grow in size, semantics-based tools gain importance for detecting ...programming errors as well as for program understanding.
As a basis for such tools, we propose a descriptive type system for an imperative call-by-value lambda calculus with objects. The calculus models essential features of JavaScript, a widely used dynamically-typed language: first-class functions, objects as property maps, and prototypes.
Our type system infers precise singleton object types for recently allocated objects. These object types are handled flow-sensitively and change during the objects’ initialization phase. The notion of recency provides an automatic criterion to subsume these precise object types to summary object types, which are handled flow-insensitively. The criterion applies on a per-object basis. Thus, the type system identifies a generalized initialization phase for each object during which the change of its value is precisely reflected in the change of its type. Unlike with linear types, summary types may refer to singleton types and vice versa.
We prove the soundness of the type system and present a constraint-based inference algorithm. An implementation is available on the web.
In this study, the properties of the object types required to describe the relationship among research data resources, which may be generated during the life cycle of the research, are derived. The ...properties of Fedora Commons and DSpace, which are open source software used for resource management, and schema properties published in DataCite were analyzed. Based on relation names of Fedora Commons, nine new relation names were derived. Thirty-eight object type properties consolidating the target properties of the analysis were derived. The result of this study can be used as basic material for crosswalk research studies of object type relation terms to ensure interoperability among the systems.
Previous research has observed that the size of age differences in short-term memory (STM) depends on the type of material to be remembered, but has not identified the mechanism underlying this ...pattern. The current study focused on visual STM and examined the contribution of information load, as estimated by the rate of visual search, to STM for two types of stimuli - meaningful and abstract objects. Results demonstrated higher information load and lower STM for abstract objects. Age differences were greater for abstract than meaningful objects in visual search, but not in STM. Nevertheless, older adults demonstrated a decreased capacity in visual STM for meaningful objects. Furthermore, in support of Salthouse's processing speed theory, controlling for search rates eliminated all differences in STM related to object type and age. The overall pattern of findings suggests that STM for visual objects is dependent upon processing rate, regardless of age or object type.
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