Open government aims, among others, at improving engagement of citizens in public sector activities. To realize this potential, we need to understand citizens' motivations to engage in the many ...different variants of open government. This article identifies motivations for open government participation from the free/libre open source software (FLOSS) and crowdsourcing literature. The literature gives two dimensions of open government aims: innovation objectives (high or low) and managerial level (political versus administrative). The results of our survey with 168 participants revealed different motivations for participation in open government projects related to three objectives of open government projects: collaborative democracy, citizen sourcing, and citizen ideation & innovation. We found indications that socio-economic characteristics of citizens do not influence the willingness to participate in open government projects—contrary to findings in other forms of government participation—and therefore open government opens a great potential for enlarged citizen engagement. Our survey also indicates that open government projects with lower ambitions result in more participation than more ambitious projects, which implies that considerable steps need to be taken to realize the full potential of open government.
•This article identifies four types of open government by their application domain and innovativeness.•Open government projects have different ambitions and need different participation motivations.•This article gives empirical findings of motivations to be involved in open government projects.•Open government projects use is much below their ideals.
Today, innovation and sustainability in their broadest sense, which includes people (social dimension), the planet (environmental dimension) and profits (economic dimension), are increasingly ...intertwined. Integrating the sustainability dimension into the innovation of products, services, processes, technologies, business and organizational models requires an effort on the part of the company as it demands a different set of knowledge and skills than those needed to innovate in a traditional way. As a result, companies, in order to integrate the dimension of sustainability in their innovation processes, have felt the need to exploit knowledge, skills and technologies external to the organization itself, promoting what is called the process of open innovation. Since this field of field is only recently being explored, we conducted a literature review through bibliometric analysis on a sample of 93 scientific articles published between 2011 and today, April 2022. To achieve the purpose of this review, both quantitative (co-occurrence analysis) and qualitative analysis have been conducted. Four different research themes have been identified: sustainable open innovation and innovation performance, the role of technological capability for sustainable open innovation, business model perspective and sustainable open innovation and university collaboration. As far as future research is concerned, a mainline has been identified concerning the study of sustainable open innovation in the agri-food industry.
The paper investigates which types of capabilities open innovation digital platforms develop for supporting co-creation in open innovation processes, by enabling the shift from knowledge ecosystems ...to capabilities ecosystems. By examining the literature on the open innovation digital platforms, the paper develops a theoretical framework and advances propositions by underlining the specific required dynamic capabilities—sensing, seizing, scanning, integrating, and transformative—needed to facilitate and support the interactive coupled open innovation processes essential for firm co-creation activities. Research propositions are provided to address scholars toward new research paths on digital platforms, open innovation, and dynamic capabilities. Implications for practitioners involved in open innovation processes by using digital platforms are provided in the conclusion.
Broadband connectivity is now essential to ensure a competitive advantage for any business. The analysis of Scotland’s crucial IT infrastructure contribution supported the authors’ thesis that the ...Government plays a decisive role in Open Innovation ecosystems. Indeed, IT infrastructures are a clear case of market failure where remote areas will never be served by adequate connectivity without public support. The main contribution is the demonstration that the benefits of public intervention are sometimes required and beneficial to correct market distortions and generate positive spillovers in terms of collaboration in Open Innovation ecosystems. Another relevant contribution is a comprehensive analysis of the consistency of the evolution of the public policies that supported the IT Infrastructure in Scotland. Therefore, pivotal is the study of this case study that can be easily generalised to many other contexts where the Government addressed market failures and, at the same time, contributed to generating collaborative environments.
The purpose of this article is to present some applications of open innovation methods in the Canary Islands. The authors set out to verify the hypothesis that open innovation methods can foster the ...growth of innovative culture in participating companies and generate new ideas and projects. The study is based on qualitative data collected through observation and during interviews with those responsible for organizing open innovation programs in the Canary Islands, closely related to the tourism sector. The authors identify benefits derived from new ideas and innovative projects, which help to generate competitive advantages. They conclude that the application of open innovation methods has stimulated innovative culture in tourism companies that have been able to develop innovative projects. Open innovation can therefore be regarded as an effective method of creating collaborative environments for different stakeholders involved in the process that can generate benefits for all parties involved.
Within the last decades, universities are increasingly expected and measured by their direct engagement in collaborations beyond academia. Exploring the potential that lies in university-business ...collaborations, the present anthology attends to the dilemmas, dualities, and challenges that follow such collaborations, especially in the academic traditions of the social sciences and humanities. Each contribution investigates how the human perspective – a perspective that highlights how complex knowledge and a deep understanding of human everyday life – enriches companies’ processes, products, services, and ideas. Some chapters focus on collaborations between researchers and business practitioners, others focus on teaching examples involving students in the collaborative work with businesses and organisations, and again others contribute with more theoretical considerations. By gathering hands-on experiences, the book provides readers with inspirations, reflections on, and insights into university-business collaborations. This book, therefore, is intended for researchers within the humanities and social sciences, who want to get a deeper understanding of the practice of such collaborations.
Abstract In search of innovation and market success, firms have started to empower their customers in many ways, from customizing and self‐producing their own products ( products made for one ) to ...selecting and designing products for the broader marketplace ( products made for many ). This power shift has important behavioral and psychological consequences for customers and, hence, has attracted considerable interest from academics and practitioners alike. However, the literature is scattered, provides inconsistent findings, and lacks both a comprehensive conceptualization and empirical overview. Specifically, extant literature neglects the situational nature of customer empowerment, equalizing inherently different customer empowerment activities while failing to consider the divergent effects on participating versus observing customers (i.e., customers who do not participate in the new product development process themselves). This limits advancement of the field, and impedes integration with the related fields of innovation, marketing, and consumer research. To facilitate a better understanding of the psychological and behavioral consequences of customer empowerment, we systematically review literature in the field and develop a conceptual framework that integrates different customer empowerment situations and their respective psychological (e.g., firm perceptions and feelings of empowerment) and behavioral (e.g., product preferences and willingness‐to‐pay) consequences. Using this framework, we structure previous research, highlight similarities and differences across customer empowerment situations, and set the stage for future research. By taking a customer perspective, this research advances our understanding of why some customer empowerment strategies are more successful than others (and under which circumstances). On a broader level, we show that adopting a behavioral and psychological perspective may be a promising way to study innovation.
•Combining qualitative interviews of IP managers with a large sample investigation of 164 R&D intensive firms.•Uncovering the tension between technological value creation and financial value ...appropriation in co-ownership of IP.•Co-patenting with firms in the same industry decreases self-citation rates between 32 and 48 percent and is associated with a significant reduction in market valuation.•Co-patenting with universities associates with a significant increase in market valuation.
Combining both interview data and empirical analyses at the patent and firm levels, we explore the value-appropriation and value-creation implications of R&D collaboration resulting in the co-ownership of intellectual property (i.e. co-patents). We make an explicit distinction between three different types of co-patenting partners: intra-industry partners, inter-industry partners, and universities. Our findings indicate that the value-appropriation challenges of IP sharing are clearly evident with intra-industry co-patenting, where partners are more likely to encounter overlapping exploitation domains. Co-patenting with universities is associated with higher market value, since appropriation challenges are unlikely to play a role and collaboration may signal novel technological opportunities. Although we find some evidence that co-patenting corresponds to higher (patent) value, patents co-owned with firms are significantly less likely to receive self-citations, indicating constraints on the future exploitation and development of co-owned technologies.
The main purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of open innovation on knowledge management implementation with regard to knowledge management processes in the second region of gas ...transmission operations in Esfahan province. To this end, a descriptive research method (survey type) was used. The research tool is based on the Wu and Hou’s (2018) standard questionnaire which after measurement of external validity, content (Lawshe’s method) and structural validity (confirmatory factor analysis) and reliability (estimated by Cranach’s alpha method), were implemented through the participation of 84 managers and employees in the second region gas transmission operations that were selected by the stratified sampling method. Data analysis was performed at both descriptive and inferential statistics (structural equation model) through “SPSS 21” and “Lisrel 8.9” software. The research model validity was evaluated through standard coefficients and significance coefficients (t> 1.96) and the results showed acceptable fit for the above-mentioned indices. The findings confirmed all the research hypotheses, as open innovation has the greatest impact on knowledge management processes (β = 0.66), also, open innovation had the least impact on knowledge management implementation (β = 0.25), finally; knowledge management processes have fully mediated open innovation support for knowledge management (VAF=0.519).
It is widely acknowledged that enhancing innovation capability is an inevitable requirement for the survival and sustainable growth of firms operating in the information technology sector. Therefore, ...this study was conducted to explore the relationship among organizational culture, knowledge management and innovation capability in the open innovation environment to provide useful suggestions and recommendations for managerial practices within the high-tech industry. Primary data collected from 182 high-tech firm's representatives were processed by using the Structural Equation Modeling approach. The results showed that knowledge management was strongly correlated with innovation capability. The positively significant relationship between organizational culture and knowledge management was also confirmed. Overall, the findings suggest that an open innovation culture of an organization in which mutual trust, collaboration and learning are promoted by supportive and participative leaders is more likely to increase the efficiency of knowledge management practices; thus, eventually lead to enhanced innovation capability of the firm.
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