Koronavirus (Covid-19) salgını, içinde eğitimin de olduğu birçok alanda büyük çaplı değişimlere yol açmış; eğitimin tüm kademelerinde dersler, uzaktan eğitimle işlenmeye başlanmıştır. Uzaktan eğitim ...gittikçe daha fazla tercih edilen bir seçenek olsa da salgın sürecinde alınan tedbirler kapsamında ilk kez büyük çapta uygulanmış ve yüz yüze eğitime bir alternatif olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Öğretmen ve öğrenciyle birlikte eğitimin en önemli paydaşı olan velilerin uzaktan eğitime yönelik görüşlerinin araştırılması sürecin verimliliğin değerlendirilebilmesi açısından önemlidir. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmanın amacı, ortaokul öğrenci velilerinin Türkçe derslerinin uzaktan eğitimle işlenmesine dair görüşlerini belirlemektir. Nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışması ile yapılandırılan araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Manisa’nın Salihli ilçesinde ikamet etmekte olan 102 veli oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri, 21 maddelik bir anket aracılığıyla Google Forms üzerinden çevrimiçi ortamda toplanmış, içerik analiziyle çözümlenmiş; velilerin Türkçe derslerinin uzaktan eğitimle işlenişine yönelik görüşlerinin genel itibariyle olumsuz olduğu belirlenmiştir. Velilerin görüşleri doğrultusunda uzaktan eğitim sürecinde Türkçe derslerinin verimliliğinin artırılması adına çözüm önerileri geliştirilmiştir.
Coronavirus (Covid-19) epidemic, has led to major changes in many areas including education. Lessons at all levels of education began to be taught with distance education. Although distance education is an increasingly preferred option, it has been applied on such a large scale for the first time within the scope of the measures taken during the Covid-19 and has been considered as an alternative to face-to-face training. Researching the opinions of parents, who are one of the most important stakeholders of education, on distance education is significant in terms of evaluating the efficiency of the process. In this context, the study aims to reveal the opinions of middle school students' parents about teaching Turkish lessons with distance education. The study group of the research, which is structured with a case study, one of the qualitative research designs, consists of 102 parents residing in Salihli district of Manisa, Turkey. The data of the research were collected online on Google Forms via a 21-item questionnaire and analyzed using content analysis; it was determined that the opinions of the parents of the students about the teaching of Turkish lessons with distance education were generally negative. In line with the opinions of the parents of the students, solutions were developed in order to increase the efficiency of Turkish lessons in the distance education process.
Ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder with variable immunodeficiency. Together with the Dutch A-T community, we investigated the opinion of A-T parents on an early A-T ...diagnosis in the asymptomatic phase of the disease. During an annual national meeting for A-T patients and families, the topic of an early A-T diagnosis was discussed in relation to the recent introduction of neonatal screening for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) in the Netherlands. Based on the discussion, individual arguments were identified and processed into a questionnaire, which was sent out to 64 A-T parents (32 families). Arguments included were insecurity to diagnosis, possible medical advantages, appropriate genetic counseling and family planning, loss of “golden” year(s), and early cancer screening for parents. The response rate was 55% (
n
= 35 parents). Twenty-six (74%) parents felt that the advantages of an early diagnosis outweighed the disadvantages, five parents thought that the disadvantages would outweigh the advantages (14%), and four parents did not indicate a preference.
Conclusion
: The majority of parents of a child with A-T would have preferred an early diagnosis during the asymptomatic phase of the disease, because the uncertainty during the diagnostic process had had a major impact on their lives. In addition, the knowledge of being carriers of an
ATM
gene mutation influenced decisions about family planning. Parents who opposed against an early diagnosis emphasized the joy of having a seemingly healthy child until diagnosis.
What is Known:
• Ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) is a devastating DNA repair disorder with a huge impact on quality of life of patients and their parents.
• Patients with A-T may incidentally be identified at birth as the consequence of neonatal screening for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID).
What is New:
• The majority of Dutch parents of A-T patients (74%) would have preferred an early diagnosis of their child in the asymptomatic phase of the disease.
• Major arguments for an early A-T diagnosis were (1) the experienced insecurity in diagnostic trajectories and its impact on families and (2) the knowledge of being ATM mutation carriers when deciding about family planning. An argument against an early diagnosis is losing the joy of having a seemingly healthy child until diagnosis.
Physical activity is an especially important part of everyday life for children with chronic diseases. The aim of the study was to show whether asthma is a barrier to physical activity in our ...society. The correlations between the severity of the disease, body mass index, and physical activity were analyzed, and parents' opinions on whether children should participate in active sports were assessed. Physical activity of children with asthma was analyzed by questionnaires; 93 parents and their 93 children were involved in the survey. The age of children was 12.6 ± 3.5 years (mean ± SD), 69.9% were boys, 30.1% were girls. A total of 93.4% of the respondents participated in a physical education program and 56.5% also attended sporting activities on a regular basis. In terms of disease severity, 61.2% of the children had mild asthma, 37.6% moderate, and 1.2% severe, and 6.5% of the respondents also stated that their children's illness had been consistently or frequently limiting their performance concerning their school or home duties over the past four weeks. Of the parents surveyed, 12% felt that physical activity was not appropriate in the context of this disease. We concluded that fear of the consequences of physical activity depends largely on education, which should involve parents, teachers, and coaches.
Purpose: To study the association of parents’ reports about their children’s near work and outdoor habits with myopia in their children. Methods: Data from a questionnaire study conducted in 1983 ...among Finnish schoolchildren were reanalyzed. Vision screening had been performed for all the schoolchildren (n = 4961) in the 1st, 5th, and 8th grades (7-, 11-, and 15-year-olds) in an area of Central Finland. The questionnaire, including information about myopia, was returned by 4305 (86.7%) participants. Items concerned parents’ estimates of their child’s habitual reading distance, time spent indoors as compared with age peers, daily near work, outdoors time, and parents’ myopia. The associations of myopia with these factors were studied. Results: Myopia prevalence in those with a habitual close reading distance vs. others was 14.3% vs. 2.1%, 28.7% vs. 13.1% and 45.8% vs. 24.7% for the 7-, 11- and 15-year-olds (p < 0.001 in all age-groups). Myopia prevalence in children reported by their parents as spending more time indoors than age peers was 10.9% vs. 2.8% (p < 0.001), 25.0% vs. 14.7% (p = 0.004) and 41.9% vs. 25.7% (p < 0.001) in the three age groups. Myopia prevalence among those reported as spending both more time indoors and reading at a close distance vs. others was 44.2% vs. 11.9% (Fisher’s exact t-test, p < 0.001). In the multiple logistic regression models, parental myopia almost doubled the risk of myopia in the 11- and 15-year-olds. ORs (95% CI) for myopia adjusted for parental myopia and sex were for close reading distance 7.381 (4.054−13.440), 2.382 (1.666−3.406), 2.237 (1.498−3.057), (p < 0.001), and for more time spent indoors, 3.692 (1.714−7.954), p = 0.001, 1.861 (1.157−2.992), p = 0.010), 1.700 (1.105−2.615), p = 0.016, in the three age groups. Conclusion: Children, especially 7-year-olds, reported by their parents as having a close reading distance and spending a lot of time indoors were associated with a higher risk for myopia.
Falls from a height are a leading cause of injury for children globally, yet few effective prevention strategies have been developed. For young children, serious falls occur mostly in the home, which ...implicates caregivers' safety practices in prevention. This qualitative study examined parents' views about this issue. Parents of 1 through 4 year olds participated in focus groups and provided opinions about in-home falls, including preventability, facilitators and barriers to falls' prevention, and strategies for prevention. Results revealed that parents were surprised about the frequency of serious falls affecting young children. They recognized that children falling from heights (stairs and off furniture) posed risk of head injury, but varied in beliefs about preventability of falls. They emphasized teaching safe practices (stairs) and enforcing rules (prevent hazardous actions on furniture), but did not use or favor stair gates. Barriers to prevention included wanting children to be active and independent and believing children learn risk avoidance from injury experiences. Parents sought suggestions for prevention approaches that are sensitive to their individual needs and allow them to make personal choices, rather than prescriptive strategies about using stair gates or supervising constantly.
Many children on the autism spectrum struggle in their reading development. This study investigated parents' views of challenges and facilitators to literacy learning at home and at school in ...children on the autism spectrum who were in their first year of schooling. Thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with 37 parents revealed parents' in-depth knowledge of their child's strengths and interests, which they utilised to engage their child in literacy learning activities at home. Parents raised concerns about the support their children were receiving at school, with many describing challenges with teacher understanding of autism spectrum disorders, limited adaptation of the curriculum to suit the child's learning needs and poor communication between school and home. The study challenges schools and educators to review and refine current practices to ensure individualised, learner-focused and inclusive pedagogies and practices to better support children on the autism spectrum. Author abstract
Although sometimes neglected, safety skills instruction should be considered as important a teaching area as others (e.g., self-care, academic, communication skills) because these skills can lead to ...more independence in a less restrictive environment. The researchers designed this study to reveal the opinions of Turkish parents, teachers, and higher education faculty members regarding safety skills instruction for children with an autism spectrum disorder. They interviewed parents (n = 11), special education teachers (n = 16), and higher education faculty members (n = 11) and analyzed the resulting data descriptively. Findings showed both parents and teachers lacked information about safety skills and how to teach them. Higher education faculty members advised using evidence-based practices in teaching safety skills and stated that safety skills instruction was not covered in the special education teacher training curriculum in the programs in which they taught. Implications and future research needs are discussed.
In the Netherlands, in 2007, the national newborn screening program was expanded from 3 to 17 disorders that met the World Health Organization's Wilson and Jungner screening criteria, especially ...regarding treatability. The decision of whether to add diseases to the program is generally based on experts' advice, whereas the opinion of those whom it concerns--prospective parents--remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the opinion of prospective parents concerning newborn screening for disorders that are incurable yet treatable to some extent or even untreatable.
A structured questionnaire that consisted of 3 parts in which similar questions were posed about treatable, less treatable, and untreatable childhood-onset disorders was posted on the Web site of a national pregnancy fair.
A total of 1631 prospective parents filled out the questionnaire, 259 of whom were excluded. In contrast to current policy, respondents showed a positive attitude toward inclusion of less treatable (88%) or untreatable childhood-onset disorders (73%) within the national newborn screening program. Respondents who already had children at the time of completing the questionnaire were even more in favor of screening for especially untreatable disorders. The most important reason mentioned was to prevent a long diagnostic quest. Obtaining information to enable reproductive choices in future pregnancies was hardly mentioned.
Prospective parents in the Dutch population seem interested in newborn screening for untreatable childhood-onset disorders; therefore, we argue that additional debate of pros and cons is needed among policy makers, health care professionals, and consumers.
There are many societal and cultural differences between healthcare systems and the use of genetic testing in the US and France. These differences may affect the diagnostic process for autism ...spectrum disorder (ASD) in each country and influence parental opinions regarding the use of genetic screening tools for ASD.
Using an internet-based tool, a survey of parents with at least one child with ASD was conducted. A total of 162 participants from the US completed an English version of the survey and 469 participants from France completed a French version of the survey. Respondents were mainly females (90%) and biological parents (94.3% in the US and 97.2% in France).
The mean age of ASD diagnosis reported was not significantly different between France (57.5 ± 38.4 months) and the US (56.5 ± 52.7 months) (p = 0.82) despite significant difference in the average age at which a difference in development was first suspected 29.7 months (±28.4) vs. 21.4 months (±18.1), respectively, p = 7 × 10(-4). Only 27.8% of US participants indicated that their child diagnosed with ASD had undergone diagnostic genetic testing, whereas 61.7% of the French participants indicated this was the case (p = 2.7 × 10(-12)). In both countries, the majority of respondents (69.3% and 80% from France and the US, respectively) indicated high interest in the use of a genetic screening test for autism.
Parents from France and the US report a persistent delay between the initial suspicion of a difference in development and the diagnosis of ASD. Significantly fewer US participants underwent genetic testing although this result should be regarded as exploratory given the limitations. The significance of these between country differences will be discussed.
Over the last years, the storing of biological materials from children for research purposes in biobanks has become the subject of an intense debate in the scientific and ethical communities on a ...global level. Paediatric biobanks are an important resource for the development of translational research. At the same time, paediatric biobanks are ethically 'sensitive' due to the unique issues they raise. In this study, we explore opinions, feelings and attitudes of parents towards the specimen donation of their sick children to a hypothetical biobank. According to a qualitative methodology based on focus groups, we analysed parents' views, perceptions and inclinations towards typical ethical, legal and social aspects of paediatric biobanks such as proxy consent, minor assent, privacy protection and return of results. Our study confirms the need for specific policies dedicated to paediatric biobanks by highlighting how the nature of the disease affecting children may influence the parents' opinions and decisions towards the enrolment of their children in biobank-based research studies.
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