Rural development is a major goal of the contemporary society with a wide recognition throughout the whole European Union. In the same time, the rural community is one of the most resistant social ...categories in facing both the modernization, but also the perils arising with major historical stages. Within the rural worlds' life a central place is occupied by the so called village fair, which in Romania thrived for centuries until the inter-war period and withstood major pressures from the hostile political regime that followed. Village fairs have a number of characteristics that are outlined by referring to their organization, structure of supply, profile of suppliers, and participants. It is stressed the close linkage established between village fairs and the peasant household, relation that is of great relevance for the economic revival of rural communities. Despite its importance for the rural community, this form of traditional trade is benefiting no support within the European rural development policy. Either as vector for the penetration of novelty or as vector of preserving and perpetuating traditions, village fairs deserve a special focus for further rural development studies.
The aim of the paper was to analyze the technological performance of the field crops on luvisoils in Teisani area, Prahova County, where corn and potato are cultivated for personal consumption and ...beet for animal nutrition. The cultivation of wheat and fodder plants has been an exception. Studies conducted have firstly referred to the introduction of crops in rotation system, through cooperation and exchange between households and within their own household for those with larger surfaces. To compare the productivity of crops, the yield energy value has been used as a measure unit, which facilitates the comparison. The yields was reduced up to the lower limit of crop potential because of monocultures and the lack of appropriate technologies, even for small farming machinery. The results showed that using improved technologies, in 2013 and 2014, the yields were significantly superior, the highest ones, for potatoes and alfalfa, the last one as jumper field. Introducing alfalfa in the crop rotation system has led to the potato yield doubling, but also of those of wheat, corn and beet. Using manure and organic material available and degradable in the form of compost made in their own household, to which are added small amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus, there were obtained average yields by 40% higher than the average of the experience and by 139%, i.e. 2.4 times higher than the unfertilized variant, very much used in the area. Therefore, it was demonstrated, that there are huge resources to produce agricultural products and primary food in the Teisani rural area. Small peasant households should be encouraged and financially supported to participate to food production both for their own consumption, but also for the market.
This article analyzes the crisis of the monographic research undertaken by the Sociological School from Bucharest (led by Professor Dimitrie Gusti), between 1932-1933. The focus is on the particular ...perspective offered by one salient member of the group, Ştefania Cristescu-Golopenţia. The internal reason of the "monograph crisis" was the change in status and orientation of the young members of the School, a transformation that-at least in the case of Şt.C.-G.-disturbed her research work, but did not prevent her from carrying out outstanding studies.
Backyards for rural households represent a strategy that ensures the production of plant foods and animal come to enrich and supplement their diet. Unfortunately there is no evidence of the ...contribution made by the horticultural component of biodiversity of species in relation to food, income generation and exchange of vegetables, based on the above plan the need for research aimed was to analyze the subsystem comprising the backyards vegetable operated by the State Program for Food Security (SPFS State) establishing productive inputs, economic and social component that obtains horticultural peasant household (UDC), communities of Canoas- Atempan, Tezotepec-Mazatonal-Yaonáhuac Chignautla and the Northeastern Sierra Puebla state. In this northeastern region of 16 municipalities are located high deprivation and 8 highly marginalized state, population is of Náhuatl origin and it is common that women are responsible for the management and operation of the backyard based on their traditional knowledge and survival strategies. Fieldwork was conducted in the months of March to June 2011, with the participation of 37 rural women. Some of the findings are: Canoes and communities Mazatonal, 77% of horticultural production was assigned to food, 15% and 8% marketing to strengthen social relations within the community. In contrast, community of Tezotepec which earmarked 53% to the marketing, 46% to food and only 1% strengthening of social relations. There are also differences between communities in relation to the number of children, the diversity of vegetable grown, and the frequency of seeding and transplanting of vegetables contributing to the food security of the UDC.
INTEGRATION OF SEMI-SUBSISTENCE AGRICULTURAL FARMS Paun Georgeta; Matoschi ( Cimpan) Oana; Pruteanu Elena Mihaela ...
Analele Universităţii din Oradea. Ştiinţe economice,
07/2011, Volume:
20, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Intensive agriculture, industrial type, contributed to environmental degradation and pollution. Thus, on the one hand, makes intensive use of chemicals has led to neglect of duty to maintain the ...natural fertility of the soil organic matter through proper fattening. On the other hand, organizing specialized industrial environments, high animal breeders, considered the only marketable livestock production, neglecting the production of manure, thus representing a break with the brutal nature of biological circuits Following the experience accumulated over two centuries, mankind has drawn valuable education obligation to safeguard the habitat of nature as a collaborator. In this respect, the main task of our times is to develop appropriate technologies humanist ideal, so that man can become a being as fully integrated into the social and cosmic environment. In the present period as a peasant household current form, is typical of developing countries. It is generated by the result of families who received income from farming and increase farm animalelor.Gospodaria organizational structure is the basic economic and agricultural economy. On the basis of the idea that organic production is the main cause of degradation of the biological quality of products is inadequate human intervention at various structural levels of the biosphere, and the most severe effects on humans resulting from the cumulation of errors relating to soil, plants and animals. Organic farming places emphasis on quality natural products, the quantity and productivity issues as a peripheral level. A balanced rural development policy for the future is not an option but a necessity, especially considering the fact that the issue of agriculture and rural development has important national connotations and is a very complex and timely in Romania Regional development is a concept that aims at stimulating and diversifying economic activities, encouraging private sector investment, helping to reduce unemployment and ultimately lead to improved living standards, according to the regions of the country's development
The extensive presence in the legal archives of cases of non-normative conjugalities in Garhwal cannot be explained as exceptions or cultural vestiges as colonial observers tended to do. By tracing ...their recurrence using the temporal depth of historical sources, the article is able to rehabilitate what appeared as deviant, marginal or even immoral practices at a given time, as culturally available strategies. They are interpreted in this article as practical solutions to the reproductive needs of the small peasant household. These conjugal arrangements were particularly useful when the support of lineage members was undependable or even hostile, as frequently in the case of widows. Such households could not be sustained, however, if their land were to return to the lineage on the death of its head. This conundrum forced them to negotiate the rule of patrilineal inheritance. While men were historically empowered to contest lineage rights under the colonial interpretation of local custom, women’s property was subject even more strictly to the reversionary right of patrilineal heirs. The article examines how women deployed custom and laws relating to debt to deal with unequal property rights.
Peasant household's credit behavior not only affect the financial ability of the peasant household, but also influence the credit decisions of the rural financial institution, consequently impact on ...the development of the Chinese rural economic and the peasant household economic. This paper, based on the credit behavior of peasant household in the process of the Chinese rural economic development11Peasant household's credit behavior is the credit behavior under the comprehensive influence of the repayment capacity and willingness, in which repayment capacity is the key element., analysis the credit behavior game in rural credit and loan process between peasant households and rural financial institution, and the game among peasant households in rural joint warrant process. Finally, provides methods to improve the credit behavior of peasant household in credit game.
Accurate spatial distribution of agricultural population which accounts for the largest proportion of the whole country in China is pretty suggestive to the resources adjustment and regions ...development. It is difficult to describe the internal situation of the statistical unit when using statistic data of administrative area to research population distribution for most of the previous studies. The project of registration and certification for rural contracted land has collected detailed information about contracted land and peasant household as well as the contract relationship between them. In this study we start with assignment of the family members to each piece of land that contracted by the peasant household. Then the contracted land with proportion of family members is assigned to the grid via position to simulate the spatial distribution of agricultural population. Compared with using statistic data of administrative area, the result of agricultural population distribution produced using rural contracted land registration and certification data is considered to be more accurate and detailed.
The "every peasant household's income to grow by 10,000 yuan" project in Chongqing's "two wings" region is an important movement implemented by the Chongqing government to spur development in the ...rural areas of Chongqing's poorest region. The project has two key components at the policy level. The first is to promote agricultural "industry-ization" 产业化 and to construct corresponding chains of production, processing, and sales in the two wings, thus forming the basis of growth in peasants' income. The second is the emphasis on people's livelihood, which is based on the ambition of accomplishing "balanced income growth" or "income growth for every household." The project includes both "drawing in business and investment" 招商引资 and "industry planning" 产业规划 as well as "cadres to go into peasant households and support them directly" 入户帮扶. Some of the practices of Chongqing cadres in supporting peasants show that the government can improve the microeconomic environment for peasant households and enhance the vitality of their small farms. This article first analyzes the policies and practices of agricultural industry-ization in the income growth project and the efforts of the Chongqing government to achieve "income growth for every household." The theoretical implications of the project, including the role of government in economic development and the vitality of small farming in China, are then discussed through dialogue with social science theories.
At the micro-level, certain spatial coupling relation is existed between peasant household livelihood behaviors and environment dynamic changes. This paper from object of study, study methods and ...development of relevant research etc reviews the research on environment transformation and peasant household anti-poverty livelihood behaviors, and sums up the feature and problems by now, and based on that discusses the probability and direction of research on the karst rocky desertification transformation from the view of peasant household livelihood behaviors.
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