The theoretical framework of the study is represented by two concepts: intergenerational learning and professional development. Quantitative research conducted in 2021 on a sample of 108 preschool ...teachers of preschool institutions in the Banja Luka region (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Republic of Srpska) aimed to examine the perspective of preschool taechers on the factors of intergenerational learning important for their own professional development. Using factor analysis (Principal component analysis, PCA), three factors of intergenerational learning were singled out from the perspective of preschool teachers, and they are: professional cooperation and personal growth; inclusion of the elderly in educational work and humanities education; prejudices and stereotypes. The findings indicate that preschool teachers strongly recognize intergenerational learning in the context of personal growth, work and career, but also notice the humane and inclusive nature of intergenerational cooperation, while not prone to intergenerational stereotypes and prejudices against colleagues from other generations, and that encouraging professional cooperation, and the promotion and support of the inclusion of the elderly can contribute to the reduction of intergenerational conflicts and prejudices.
Teorijski okvir studije predstavljaju dva koncepta: međugeneracijko učenje i profesionalno usavršavanje. Kvantitativno istraživanje provedeno 2021. godine na uzorku od 108 odgojitelja predškolskih ustanova banjolučke regije (Bosna i Hercegovina, Republika Srpska) imalo je za cilj ispitati perspektivu odgojitelja o čimbenicima međugeneracijskog učenja važnima za vlastito profesionalno usavršavanje. Korištenjem faktorske analize (analiza glavnih komponenti) izdvojena su tri čimbenika međugeneracijskog učenja iz perspektive odgojitelja i to su: profesionalna suradnja i osobni rast; inkluzija starijih u odgojno obrazovni rad i humanističko obrazovanje; predrasude i stereotipi. Nalazi ukazuju na to da odgojitelji naglašeno prepoznaju međugeneracijsko učenje u kontekstu osobnoga rasta, rada i karijere, ali također uočavaju i human i inkluzivni karakter međugeneracijske suradnje, dok nisu skloni međugeneracijskim stereotipima i predrasudama prema kolegama iz drugih generacija. Poticanje profesionalne suradnje te promicanje i potpora inkluziji starijih mogu pridonijeti smanjenju međugeneracijskih sukoba i predrasuda.
Although there has been a series of improvements concerning the equalization of opportunities and social integration for persons with disabilities in Romania (especially on the conceptual, ...legislative and school level), we have noted a number of obstacles in their professional integration. Our research aims to present an investigation with reference to the needs of adolescents with disabilities from three Schools of Arts and Crafts from local level in order to target and identify job pathways, thus providing a theoretical and practical framework for career counsellors. Using documents. analysis, focus group interview and observation with adolescents with moderate and severe mental disabilities, interview with school heads, we have reached to the following important findings: 94% from the option of adolescents with mental disabilities for the profession is conditioned by the educational system.s offer and family, neglecting their professional interest; 86% wants to practice another profession than that obtained after graduation; 67% do not know the techniques to search and apply for a job. In conclusion, we consider extremely necessarily developing career counselling programs for this kind of people in order to maximize their chances of employability. Also, based on our research findings, we propose the some intervention measures (at the school level and at the labour market level) to enhance socio-professional integration of adolescents with disabilities in Romania.
Teorijski okvir studije predstavljaju dva koncepta: međugeneracijko učenje i profesionalno usavršavanje. Kvantitativno istraživanje provedeno 2021. godine na uzorku od 108 odgojitelja predškolskih ...ustanova banjolučke regije (Bosna i Hercegovina, Republika Srpska) imalo je za cilj ispitati perspektivu odgojitelja o čimbenicima međugeneracijskog učenja važnima za vlastito profesionalno usavršavanje. Korištenjem faktorske analize (analiza glavnih komponenti) izdvojena su tri čimbenika međugeneracijskog učenja iz perspektive odgojitelja i to su: profesionalna suradnja i osobni rast; inkluzija starijih u odgojno obrazovni rad i humanističko obrazovanje; predrasude i stereotipi. Nalazi ukazuju na to da odgojitelji naglašeno prepoznaju međugeneracijsko učenje u kontekstu osobnoga rasta, rada i karijere, ali također uočavaju i human i inkluzivni karakter međugeneracijske suradnje, dok nisu skloni međugeneracijskim stereotipima i predrasudama prema kolegama iz drugih generacija. Poticanje profesionalne suradnje te promicanje i potpora inkluziji starijih mogu pridonijeti smanjenju međugeneracijskih sukoba i predrasuda.
Despite the fact that the topic of the influence of stereotypes and prejudices on the loyalty and willingness of tourists to visit a destination again is increasingly common in world publications, ...researchers have yet to examine this relationship. The aim of this research is precisely to assess the influence of stereotypes and prejudices (S&P) in the system of other attractors of tourist visits, on the loyalty and willingness of foreign visitors to revisit Serbia as a tourist destination. It is known that Serbia possesses large natural and anthropogenic resources as a basis for tourism development, but it is also known for numerous prejudices and stereotypes, which can potentially dictate loyalty to the destination and the behavior of tourists. The results obtained by the Path analysis show that stereotypes and prejudices, among 892 randomly selected foreign tourists, have a more significant direct influence on the dimensions of loyalty and revisiting Serbia compared to other factors. Further analysis showed that foreign tourists consider the Serbian people to be arrogant, with expressed nationalism and a preserved traditional social approach, as well as that middle-aged tourists show the highest loyalty and willingness to visit again after evaluating all the aforementioned factors. Limitations of the research were related to a lack of understanding of the language and non-cooperation on the part of the respondents. The results of the research have theoretical and applied importance as information for future research in Serbia and beyond, but also for improving the management strategy of tourism development.
In the face of the migration crisis in Europe in
2015, discussions on refugees and emigrants who live in
Poland have been dominated by stereotypes and negative
images presented by the media, and the ...division into supporters
and opponents of the “Others” have also become
highly visible in schools. The lack of topics in the field of
global education and of knowledge about the current situation
of African countries has contributed to the increase
in xenophobic attitudes among pupils, and to all sorts of
manifestations of verbal and physical violence motivated by
prejudices against people who stand out because of their
appearance or origin.
The Encountering the Other project, which has been run
by the Artykuł 25 Foundation and the National Museum in
Szczecin since 2014, attempts to reply to the lack in Poland
of a social basis of sensitivity, respect and solidarity with
people of different geographical and cultural backgrounds.
Its main aim is to allow primary, middle and secondary
school pupils to acquire knowledge about the Countries
of the Global South, which may encourage them to revise
their attitudes. The basis of the project is classes in
school which are based on our own script prepared from
a lecture by Ryszard Kapuściński, Encountering the Other:
the challenge for the 21st century, which he gave upon receiving
the title of doctor honoris causa from the Jagiellonian
University. The National Museum in Szczecin plays an
important role in the project. It runs classes for students
which show them the old art and culture of West-African
countries and their influence on European art, but also presents
works by contemporary artists from Benin, Nigeria
and the Republic of South Africa. As part of the Week of
Global Education, the museum presents documentaries for
children and teens from the Docs Against Gravity Festival,
and there are workshops using the kamishibai theatre and discussions on mutual understanding and global interdependence.
The project is complemented by a conference
targeted at teachers and representatives of organisations
working with children and teens, whose main aim is to
provide knowledge on the contemporary culture and art of
African countries, and to show good practices for counteracting
discrimination and violence motivated by prejudice.
The Encountering the Other project aims to counteract
prejudice and stereotypes, to show a different image of
the Countries of the Global South, to convince children,
teenagers and teachers to make their social attitudes more
responsible, which would be of key importance on shaping
trends today or in the future, and to incorporate global issues
into mainstream discussions.
Na Slovensku prebieha diskusia o úlohe školy pri prevencii extrémizmu a budovaní tolerantných medzjskupinových postojov. Prvým cieľom štúdie bolo prostredníctvom analýzy dokumentov a sekundárnych dát ...Zmapovať, ako je téma medzjskupinových vzťahov ukotvená v školskom kurikule a ako sú na ňu vyučujúci odborne pripravovaní. Po druhé sme prostredníctvom pološtruktúrovaných interview explorovali, aké metódy využívajú učiteľky a učitelia občianskej náukypripráci s problematikou medzjskupinových vzťahov, ako vnímajú ich účinnosť a aké sú ich možnosti a potreby v tejto oblasti. Na základe analýzy štátnych a školských vzdelávacích programov konštatujeme, že kurikulum poskytuje len limitované možnosti na rozvoj hodnôt, postojov a zmierňovanie predsudkov. Pološtruktúrované rozhovory s učiteľmi a učiteľkami slovenských stredných škôl (N = 22) tento predpoklad potvrdili. Participantky poukazujú na absenciu didaktických materiálov a systematickejpodpory zp strany rezortu školstva, ako aj na potrebu vyššej časovej dotácie pre občiansku náuku. Za najpoužívanejšiu metódu výučby na občianskej náuke označujú diskusiu, no pri problematike medzjskupinových vzťahov ju majú dopĺňať zážitkové metódy. Participantky však majú rôzne predstavy o formálnej stránke diskusie a pozícii učiteľov v nej (moderátor, korektor, nestranný pozorovateľ).
This study aims at determining the extent to which Romanian prospective or current education practitioners are informed about gender discrimination (GD) problems in order to infer whether they are ...prepared to promote gender equality (GE) within and through schools. Drawing on recent Romanian legal provisions, statistics and research, and relating these aspects to EU and international developments in the area being investigated, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted, leading us to the conclusion that educators need being educated about GD in order to be able to promote GE, which could be achieved by means of a pre or in-service course.
Based on the research project, “the representation of Christianity in textbooks of countries with an Islamic tradition”, the article describes experiences, possibilities and insights in the field of ...Interreligious Textbook Research and Development. Interreligious Textbook Research is of particular relevance in the face of sweeping generalisations, prejudice and stereotypes regarding other religions and cultures (“Islam is like this”, “the West is like that”) that were, and still are, to be found in school textbooks. Within the project discussions between scholars and education authorities in different countries have taken place. The main results are summarised in a proposal for a series of standards as possible guidelines for author teams and publishers, for education authorities and curriculum planners.
Face photographs of 30 college girls with ethnically nonspecific features were judged for General Liking, Beauty, Intelligence, Ambition, and Entertainingness by 150 male judges stratified to ...represent American adults. Two months later the judging was repeated, each photo being assigned a Jewish, Italian, Irish, or Old American name. Changes of rating on the same photos were greatest for Liking and Character, showing strong prejudice against Jews, less for Italians and Irish, but Jews were judged more ambitious and intelligent. Dislikes indicated by judgment changes were highly correlated with unfavorable attitudes toward Negroes, and somewhat related to religious, political, fraternal and ethnic affiliations. Interviews with 36 judges revealed unfavorable stereotyping, often unrelated to adjustment or personal security. Attitude toward Jews is bimodal; toward Irish and Italians, unimodal. 25 references.
Theories of risk aversion, epistemic defense, and ingroup enhancement converge in predicting greater impact of negative (vs. positive) experiences with outgroup members on generalized evaluations of ...stigmatized outgroups. However, they diverge in predictions for admired outgroups. Past tests have focused on negative outgroups using correlational designs without a control group. Consequently, they have not distinguished between alternative explanations or ascertained the direction of causality/generalization, and they have suffered from self-selection biases. These limitations were redressed by a meta-analysis of experimental research on individual-to-group generalization with positive and negative outgroups (59 tests; 3,012 participants). Controlling for modest confounds, the meta-analysis found a generalization advantage of negative experiences for stigmatized outgroups and a generalization advantage of positive experiences for admired outgroups. These results highlight the centrality of valenced expectations about outgroups, consistent with epistemic defense and ingroup enhancement and inconsistent with risk aversion. Implications for positive changes in intergroup dynamics are discussed.
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