The purpose of this study is to examine the predictive effect of the variables of fathers' durations of working and spending time with their children on the aggression levels of 5-6-year-old ...children. The sample group of the study consisted of 90 children and their fathers. It was found that the fathers' daily and weekly working duration, the number of working days in a week, and the amount of time spent with their children at the weekend predicted statistically significantly the aggression level of 5-6-year-old children. The daily working duration of the fathers predicted 9% of the variance related to the aggression level of their children. The weekly working duration of the fathers predicted 5% of the variance related to the aggression level of their children. The time the fathers spent with their children at the weekend predicted 5% of the variance related to the aggression level of their children.
This study investigates the predictive effects of 5-6-year-old children's relationships with their parents and the parents' marital satisfaction on children's relationships with their peers. The ...study sample comprised 504 children and their parents in the 5-6 age group attending independent kindergartens in Yunusemre and Şehzadeler districts of the Manisa Province. The research is designed according to the relational model of quantitative research methods. The Child-Parent Relationship Scale, Married Life Satisfaction Scale, Ladd and Profilet's Child Behaviour Scale, and General Information Form were used for data collection. The data obtained from the study were analyzed using the Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. There was a significant relation between the 5-6-year-old children's relationships with the parents and the parents' marital satisfaction and the children's relationships with their peers. Parent-child relationships and the parents' marital satisfaction had a significant predictive effect on the children's relationships with their peers.
The composition of the human gut microbiota, which can also be regulated by the consumption of probiotics, has a significant impact on host health. The main source of probiotics can be foods such as ...fermented foods, yogurts, fermented drinks and/or probiotic supplements. While parents play a critical role in ensuring the well-being of their children, this cross-sectional study is focused on parents' perspectives regarding the use of probiotics in the preschool period.
The self-administered online survey consisted of 24 questions arranged across two thematic sections. The final data analysis included 102 parents (96% F; 4% M), aged between 22 and 47. Their children were aged up to 6 years.
The majority (52%) of the parents were familiar with the term 'probiotics' and 86.3% were including probiotics in their children's diet at the time of the survey. The main source was probiotic food (36.3%), of which yoghurt was the most commonly consumed (87.2%). The inclusion of probiotic supplements in a child's diet was positively correlated with parents' consumption and level of knowledge about the term 'probiotics'. Digestive tract-related disorders were the most frequently reported motive for the initial introduction of probiotics into children's diet.
Based on our study results, parents are familiar with probiotics and include them in their children's diet. However, an attempt should be made to close the gaps in parents' knowledge that our research identified. Further studies are needed to determine the recommended amount of probiotic foods, as well as strategies to educate parents about the benefits of including probiotic foods in their children's diet.
The purpose of this study is to compare the peer relations of refugee and non-refugee children in preschool period. The study has a causal-comparative design. The study sample included a total of 40 ...children, of whom 20 were refugee children and 20 were non-refugee children. In the study in which the random sampling and purposeful sampling method were used, the data were collected by using “General Information Form”, “Ladd-Profilet Child Behavior Scale” and “Peer Victimization Scale”.
It was found as a result of the study that even though there was no significant difference in terms of the items of “aggressive with peers”, “fearful-anxious towards peers”, “prosocial behaviors with peers”, “excluded by peers”, the hyperactivity and peer victimization in refugee and non-refugee children, a significant difference was found between the asocial behaviors of refugee and non-refugee children. According to their mean ranks, it was observed that the refugee children who showed less aggression with peers and prosocial behaviors towards their peers were more anxious/fearful and displayed asocial behaviors, were excluded more by their peers, were less hyperactive and were exposed to more peer violence. According to these results, it can be recommended to develop social skill programs for refugee and non-refugee children and determine the current situation by spreading the sample to larger groups.
•In the research refugee children less offensive with peers, were social excluded and were exposed to more peer violence.
The aim of this study is to determine the effect of Big Math for Little Kids (BMLK) Program on the early mathematics skills of children with lower socioeconomic level. The participants of the study ...consist of between 60-72 months of aged children with lower socioeconomic level recruited to kindergartens of Ministry of National Education from Turkey in Diyarbakır in the 2018-2019 academic year. The sample of the study consists of 40 children with above mentioned characteristics. Of these, 20 were assigned to the experimental group and 20 to the control group. Two schools were selected for experimental and control group, and the study was conducted after selecting ten children in a class of each school. In the study pretest-posttest with control group experimental model was used. The data of the study were collected through the Tests of Early Language Development Test (TELD-3) to determine children with adequate language skills of their own age group, and Test of Early Mathematical Ability (TEMA-3) to assess early mathematical development of children. As a result, BMLK program was determined to be effective in the mathematics development of children with lower socioeconomic level. Keywords: early mathematics
The purpose of this study is to understand the story underlying the preference of parents (mothers–fathers) for home school in Turkey and to determine the main points in this story. For this purpose, ...this study was conducted according to the narrative study model, one of the qualitative research designs. Within the context of this study, the opinions of mothers and fathers of three children receiving their education in the same home school during their preschool period were elicited. As a result of the analysis of the interviews conducted within the context of this study, three super themes and seven different codes gathered under these themes were obtained. As a conclusion, the reasons for the parents’ choice of home school instead of a formal education institution were found to be “Inconsistency between the parents’ expectations and what is offered by the education system, negative effects of formal education on the child, family ideal, school experiences, educational philosophy and employment status, developmental reasons/concerns, negative social interaction at school, and their encounter with the proposal for home school.”
The purpose of this study is to put forth the predictor effect of parental acceptance-rejection levels on resilience of preschool children. The sample group of the study consists of 100 children, who ...received pre-school education in the center of Denizli, and their parents (100 mothers and 100 fathers). The Children's Ego Resiliency Scale (Teacher form) and Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (mother-father forms) were used as data collection tools. According to results, there is a positive significant relationship between the score that the mothers’ warmth and affection levels and children's resiliency levels. In other words, it can be said that as the warmth and affection level increased, the resiliency level increased. Also, the warmth and affection level decreased, the children's resiliency levels decreased. There is not significant relationship between the scores that mothers neglect/indifference, undifferentiated rejection, aggression/hostility levels and children's resiliency levels. Mothers’ warmth and affection levels significantly predicted children's resiliency levels. Mothers’ neglect/indifference, undifferentiated rejection and aggression/hostility levels didn’t not significantly predicted children's resiliency levels. Additionally there is a positive and strong significant relationship between the score that the fathers’ warmth and affection levels and children's resiliency levels. There is a negative and strong significant relationship between the scores that fathers neglect/indifference, aggression/hostility levels and children's resiliency levels. Also, there is not significant relationship between the score that fathers undifferentiated rejection and children's resiliency levels. Fathers’ warmth/affection, neglect/indifference, aggression/hostility levels significantly predicted children's resiliency levels. According to results, children's resiliency levels most predicted by the aggression/hostility levels of fathers.
Purpose: In the pre-school period, an active sense of curiosity, the most important developmental feature of children, is directed toward sexuality. In this context, it was aimed to develop a ...questionnaire to measure the sexual knowledge of children and to develop a sexuality education program based on the information level on sexual issues, and cognitive and emotional readiness of children aged 60-72 months. Research Methods: In the first stage, a questionnaire aimed at identifying sexuality knowledge level of 45 items was designed, and in the second stage, contents of 11 sessions on sexuality education program were created. For the content validity study of the questionnaire and the sexuality education program, 10 specialists were involved in data analysis. To determine the feasibility and the scoring criteria for the sexual knowledge questionnaire, a pilot scheme was carried out with 18 children aged 60-72 months attending the preschool institution. Findings: After consultation with a specialist opinion, a questionnaire for sexuality knowledge composed of 45 items was reduced to 24 items and the sexuality education program composed of 11 sessions was reduced to 8 sessions. According to the research findings, the content validity results of both the sexuality education program (KGIgreater than or equal toKGO (0.62)), and the questionnaire on sexuality knowledge level (KGI (0.63)greater than or equal toKGO) were statistically significant. Implications for Research and Practice: It is thought that the sexuality education program prepared for pre-school children is suitable for pre-school programs. It will also contribute to the understanding of how the use of the questionnaire for sexuality knowledge can assess the effectiveness of sexuality education programs.
The present study aims to determine to which extent social withdrawal at 1 year is associated with the child’s IQ at the end of the preschool period. Children (
N
= 1045) from the EDEN mother–child ...cohort were assessed for social withdrawal behaviours at 1 year by trained midwives using the Alarm Distress BaBy (ADBB) scale. Midwives also examined infants’ language and motor development at 1 year. At the age 5–6 years, IQ scores were based on the WPPSI-III. Linear regression models were used to determine the association between IQ and ADBB, adjusted for a broad range of pre- and postnatal environmental factors and for language and motor skills scores at 1 year. After adjusting for environmental factors, children with social withdrawal at 1 years (ADBB ≥5;
N
= 195) had significantly lower IQ scores at 5–6 years (−2.81 IQ points;
p
value 0.007) compared to children without social withdrawal (ADBB <5;
N
= 847). When motor and language skills at 1 year were included in the previous model, no association between social withdrawal and IQ at 5–6 years was found. Being socially withdrawn at 1 year is associated with lower IQ scores at 5–6 years. The potential influence of these developmental aspects on each other (withdrawal behaviour and language/motor skills) may occur early in development. Our results improve our understanding of the outcomes of early social withdrawal behaviour and call for early detection of delay in acquisition of language/motor skills among socially withdrawn young children.
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