Working life is as essential and indispensable as private life for people. Paying equal attention to work and private life is the way to balance these living spaces. Work-private life balance is ...essential both for the uninterrupted functioning of organizations and for the employees to continue their private life healthily. This study aims to reveal school administrators’ views on work- private life balance. Of qualitative research methods, a phenomenological research design was used to examine the subject in-depth, obtain rich findings, and understand the phenomenon better. The study participants comprised 50 school administrators, 19 females and 31 males, selected using purposeful and snowball sampling methods from 275 public high school administrators working in four central districts of Mersin in the 2021-2022 academic year. All the data were collected through face-to-face interviews and divided into codes, categories, and subcategories using content analysis. At the end of the analysis, the findings relating to five themes were created considering the literature. Although the work- private life balance was taken into account when asking questions to study participants, it was discovered that school administrators working in public high schools experienced a work- private life imbalance.
The person's private life is most often associated with the privacy of the home, the space where the person spends his personal life, which is connected to family life and the right to the ...confidentiality of correspondence. The jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights has extended the concept of domicile to the space where a person carries out a professional activity. However, the Court, in its relevant case law, has outlined a concept which does not overlap with the acceptance of the domestic law of each Member State, as is the case with the concept of home in English law, which has a wider meaning than in continental law. We are therefore in the presence of an autonomous notion, within the meaning of Article 8 of the Convention, which is the subject of an extensive interpretation due to the identification of an emotional connection that a person may have with such a good. Therefore, if an extensive interpretation within the meaning of Article 8 of the Convention has led to the broadening of the notion of domicile and the professional sphere of a legal person, then one can also discuss a commercial private life.
Resumen El presente comentario analiza una de las nociones de derecho a la vida privada del numeral 4° del artículo 19 de la Constitución Política, utilizada por la Corte de Apelaciones de Santiago ...en un caso de diseminación de datos personales. Se aborda su relación con algunos exponentes de la doctrina chilena. Esta sentencia resuelve un caso sobre diseminación de datos privados del gerente de una persona jurídica por parte de un sitio web dedicado a facilitar diversas vías para efectuar reclamos. Estos datos se encontraban disponibles y al acceso de los interesados. La particularidad de la decisión radica en la extensión de la idea de privacidad a casos de sobrexposición malintencionada de información referida a personas que cumplen una determinada función. Este criterio inusual y novedoso en la forma de entender el alcance del derecho a la vida privada requiere del análisis del caso a la luz de una sistematización diferente a las mencionadas. Para ello, se recurre a las categorías propuestas por Daniel Solove en su obra Understanding Privacy, que fueran traídas hace más de una década a la doctrina nacional por Rodolfo Figueroa, como modo de obtener un mejor entendimiento frente a casos como el que se comenta.
Respect for the right to privacy is an imperative in a democratic society, which is imposed on both individuals and state authorities. The rule is to respect the right to private life, and the ...infringment of this right is the exception. Such an exception is also the possibility to take biological samples from certain persons, in order to determine the genetic profile, provided by Law 76/2008 on the organization and functioning of the National Judicial Genetic Data System. Like any infringement of the exercise of a fundamental right or freedom, the possibility of taking biological samples must be strictly framed. This frame is achieved through the conditions deriving from art. 53 of the Romanian Constitution and art. 8 par. 2 of the European Convention on Human Rights. The most important conditions for such a restriction are necessity and proportionality. The task of verifying compliance with these two conditions is shared. On the one hand, the task lies with the legislator, who, when adopting or amending the law providing for the possibility of taking biological samples, will make an abstract assessment of the two conditions. On the other hand, the task belongs to the judicial bodies (judge or criminal investigation body) that order the taking of evidence. They shall carry out a concrete analysis in the light of the circumstances of the case and determine whether the measure is necessary and proportionate.
To investigate sex differences in the titles and lifestyles of Japanese ophthalmologists, we evaluated work places and private lives. Retrospective cross-sectional study. The study included 1721 ...members (1344 males and 377 females) of the Japanese Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. An online, anonymized questionnaire was distributed to the society members. The questionnaire included 40 questions to collect data on profiles, lifestyles, job title, families, spouses, children, household chores, child-rearing, and work satisfaction. In total, 219 members (144 males and 75 females; 53.4 ± 1.0 and 51.3 ± 9.9 years old, respectively) completed the questionnaire. The job title, working time, annual income, marriage rate, and the number of children significantly differed between male and female respondents. Female respondents had greater responsibilities toward house chores, child care, and nursing, whereas several male doctors had spouses who did not work or worked for shorter times, earned a lower income, and contributed greater toward family responsibilities. Female respondents changed their job titles after having children more frequently than male respondents. Both males and females had limited time available for community activities and volunteer work. There were no significant differences in daily sleep duration. Both sexes were equally satisfied with their career choice of ophthalmology; however, fewer females recommended ophthalmology as a career for students and children compared to males. There are significant sex differences among ophthalmologists in Japan in terms of family responsibilities; this topic has received insufficient attention.
The COVID-19 crisis has radically changed the way people live and work. While most studies have focused on prevailing negative consequences, potential positive shifts in everyday life have received ...less attention. Thus, we examined the actual and perceived overall impact of the COVID-19 crisis on work and private life, and the consequences for mental well-being (MWB), and self-rated health (SRH) in German and Swiss employees.
Cross-sectional data were collected via an online questionnaire from 2118 German and Swiss employees recruited through an online panel service (18-65 years, working at least 20 h/week, various occupations). The sample provides a good representation of the working population in both countries. Using logistic regression, we analyzed how sociodemographic factors and self-reported changes in work and private life routines were associated with participants' perceived overall impact of the COVID-19 crisis on work and private life. Moreover, we explored how the perceived impact and self-reported changes were associated with MWB and SRH.
About 30% of employees reported that their work and private life had worsened, whereas about 10% reported improvements in work and 13% in private life. Mandatory short-time work was strongly associated with perceived negative impact on work life, while work from home, particularly if experienced for the first time, was strongly associated with a perceived positive impact on work life. Concerning private life, younger age, living alone, reduction in leisure time, and changes in quantity of caring duties were strongly associated with perceived negative impact. In contrast, living with a partner or family, short-time work, and increases in leisure time and caring duties were associated with perceived positive impact on private life. Perceived negative impact of the crisis on work and private life and mandatory short-time work were associated with lower MWB and SRH. Moreover, perceived positive impact on private life and an increase in leisure time were associated with higher MWB.
The results of this study show the differential impact of the COVID-19 crisis on people's work and private life as well as the consequences for MWB and SRH. This may inform target groups and situation-specific interventions to ameliorate the crisis.
Given the development of the technical means that allow the utilization by any person of different methods of supervision of another, criminal law tries its best to keep up, offering protection to an ...important value in the modern society, private life. However, this value does not develops in any spaces, or, to be more precise, criminal law does not protect private life of everywhere, through article 226 of the Criminal Code, but only in connection with certain spaces, expressly defined. Also, the protection foreseen in article 226 Criminal Code does not punish all the means in which private life could be affected.
Although sell-side analysts often privately interact with managers of publicly traded firms, the private nature of this contact has historically obscured direction examination. By examining a set of ...proprietary records compiled by a large-cap NYSE-traded firm, I offer insights into which analysts privately meet with management, when analysts privately interact with management, and why these interactions occur. I also compare private interaction to public interaction between analysts and managers on conference calls. The evidence suggests that private interaction with management is an important communication channel for analysts for reasons other than firm-specific forecasting news.
Michael I, the last king of Romania (July 20, 1927 - June 8, 1930; September 6, 1940 - December 30, 1946), went into exile on December 30, 1947, and Romania came under a communist regime. ...Consequently, until 1989, Romanian historiography uncritically portrayed the Hohenzollern Sigmaringen monarchy, which had ruled Romania between 1866 and 1947, exaggerating its defects and failures and utterly disputing any kind of merits. Furthermore, state censorship prevented interwar publications about the lives of Romanian monarchs, their written memoirs or those of politicians of that time. Following 1989, the role of the Romanian monarchy was critically reassessed, gradually attempting to provide an unbiased appraisal of this institution. Censorship was lifted, allowing access to archives and the publication of memoirs by Kings Carol I, Carol II, Michael I, Queen Marie and Prince Nicholas, and numerous Romanian political leaders responsible for the country's fate in the first half of the twentieth century. After the romantic era when these memoirs were regarded as “forbidden fruits” until 1989, apparently revealing only true events, a critical reconsideration of the monarchy’s role in Romania, particularly of the controversial King Carol II, followed. The five volumes of the major work under consideration represent the “peak” of the recent critical reassessment of King Charles II’s position and contribution to the history of Romanians and, to a limited extent, to the history of South Eastern Europe.
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