This study was conducted to investigate the effect of adding Lycium barbarum extract to drinking water on some productive traits of Japanese quail. A total of 270 one-week-old Japanese quails were ...used in this study. The birds were divided into six treatments (45 for each). Each litre of drinking water (RO) was treated with 400 mg of L. barbarum extract add from (leaves, fruits, stems, and roots) for T2, T3, T4, and T5 respectively. 400 mg of mixed extract from leaves, stems, fruits and roots of L. barbarum were added to drinking water (T6). The control treatment (T1) was free of L. barbarum drinking water. The results showed no significant differences in the body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio. A significant decrease in the age of sexual puberty and sexual maturity for males and females were recorded in the second and third treatments compared to the other treatments. On the other hand, the results showed no significant differences between the experimental treatments for the weight at sexual puberty and maturity for males and females. It can be concluded that the leaves and fruits of L. barbarum extract decreased the sexual puberty age for males and females of Japanese quail. On the other hand, it has no effect on body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion ratios.
Laurel leaves characterized with interesting antioxidant effects, which have often used to improve the immunity with positive consequences on growth and performance This study was conducted to assess ...the effect of adding crushed laurel leaves to the diet on the productive traits of broiler chickens. A total of 180 broiler chickens, were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments, with a rate of 45 birds per treatment; each treatment consisted of three replicates. The first treatment, or control, was generated without adding laurel leaves to the diet, second, third, and fourth treatments were generated by adding laurel leaves with amounts of 1, 2, and 3 g kg-1 feed, respectively. Nine productive traits were evaluated in this study, including the average of live body weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, percentage of mortality, productive index, length of the villus, depth of crypts, and villus length/crypts length ratio. Results indicated that the addition of laurel leaves led to a significant improvement in all productive traits, signifying highly essential participation of laurel leaves to enhance growth and performance. In conclusion, it can be stated that adding 3 g kg-1 of crushed laurel leaves to the diet can improve the productive traits of broiler chickens.
This experiment conducted using 20 Rahmani ewes at the last third of pregnancy in two equal groups. One group served as control, while the other group received Spirulina platensis (SP) at the rate of ...0.5 gm 10 kg.sup.-1 live body weight. The objective was to find out the effect of adding Spirulina platensis algae to small ruminant rations on reproductive and productive traits and blood components of sheep. The experiments lasted for 120 days for both dams and their lambs after weaning. The findings proved that adding SP in ewes' diets had no effect on the average of live body weight change. Average milk yield was significantly (p < 0.01) higher in the treatment group than the control. Lamb's birth weight and daily body gain of the treated group were significantly (p < 0.01) higher than the control. Blood and serum picture profile of ewes were significantly higher when fed SP additive than the control. It could be concluded that the addition of SP to the ration of sheep positively preserved their health, productive and reproductive status as well as their lambs' growth rate. Also the additive improved the economic efficiency of treated animals by about 53.13%. Keywords: blood, milk, productive traits, sheep, Spirulina.
Reproductive indices including age of first calving (AFC), calving interval (CI), days open (DO), and number of services per conception (S/C) have vital role in assessing the breeding efficiency. ...Moreover, productive traits including milk yield and lactation period are significantly affected by reproductive indices. Therefore, the study was design to illustrate the variations in reproductive and productive traits of Egyptian buffaloes using multivariate analysis. Records of 887 Egyptian buffalo were gathered from a study farm in Egypt's Ismailia Province. Using version 26 of the statistical package for social science software, all data were subjected to multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) (SPSS V. 26.0). Our findings indicated that Egyptian buffaloes who calved in the winter produced more milk (2250.09 kg) than those that calved at other times of the year, but that the summer calvers produced the least milk (2117.58 kg). The buffaloes with CI >15-month (2290.76 kg), DO between 201-300 days (2300.57 kg), and three or more services (2411.73 kg) had the highest MY. Animals with DP < 167 days had the largest milk output (2260.9 kg), whereas those with DP <167 days had the lowest AFC (28.54 month), CI (13.57 month), and DO (150.49 days). Furthermore, highly milk producer buffaloes more than 3000 Kg had prolonged CI and DO. In conclusion, reproductive traits adversely affect the milk production that was distinguished via the retardation of breeding efficiency traits in highly milk producers’ Egyptian buffaloes. Therefore, attention should be paid to overcome the economic losses to improve this industry.
The turbot is a flatfish (Pleuronectiformes) with increasing commercial value, which has prompted active genomic research aimed at more efficient selection. Here we present the sequence and ...annotation of the turbot genome, which represents a milestone for both boosting breeding programmes and ascertaining the origin and diversification of flatfish. We compare the turbot genome with model fish genomes to investigate teleost chromosome evolution. We observe a conserved macrosyntenic pattern within Percomorpha and identify large syntenic blocks within the turbot genome related to the teleost genome duplication. We identify gene family expansions and positive selection of genes associated with vision and metabolism of membrane lipids, which suggests adaptation to demersal lifestyle and to cold temperatures, respectively. Our data indicate a quick evolution and diversification of flatfish to adapt to benthic life and provide clues for understanding their controversial origin. Moreover, we investigate the genomic architecture of growth, sex determination and disease resistance, key traits for understanding local adaptation and boosting turbot production, by mapping candidate genes and previously reported quantitative trait loci. The genomic architecture of these productive traits has allowed the identification of candidate genes and enriched pathways that may represent useful information for future marker-assisted selection in turbot.
This study was conducted in a private field for duck breeding in Al-Muthanna Governorate from 12/14/2021 to 02/14/2022. A total of 125 one-day-old chicks were reared from Pekingese ducks, with an ...average weight of 42 g; ducklings were prepared from local markets in Al-Diwaniah Governorate, and chicks were reared at a semi-enclosed hall with dimensions of 25 × 10 m. Chicks were randomly distributed into five treatments; each treatment was three replicates (10 chicks/replicate), placed in 15 Pens, and the area of one pen was 1.5 × 1 m. The experiment treatments were as follows: the control treatment (T1) and other treatments used feed fermentation with Iraqi probiotics Vs. dry feed 25%+75%, 50%+50%, 75%+25% and 100%+0%, for treatments T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. The results indicated a significant improvement in the average live body weight, weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion factor for ducks fed by fermentation with the Iraqi probiotics compared to the control treatment at 4 and 8 weeks of the bird's age.
Keywords: feed fermentation, Iraqi probiotics on, productive traits, Chinese ducks
The study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters of different reproductive traits namely age at first calving (AFC), calving interval (CI), days open (DO) and number of service per conception ...(NSPC) and their associations with productive traits including 305-day milk yield (305DMY), total lactation milk yield (TLMY) and lactation length (LL) of Jersey crossbred cattle maintained at Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India. Genetic parameters of reproductive traits and their correlations with productive traits were estimated by Restricted Maximum Likelihood method and Bayesian approach. Using both analytical approaches, the estimates of heritability for AFC, CI, DO and NSPC ranged from 0.12 -0.15, 0.05-0.08, 0.08-0.09 and 0.04-0.06, respectively. Low proportion of variances associated with permanent environmental effect of animals (c
effect) were detected for CI (0.08-0.10), DO (0.09-0.11) and NSPC (0.05-0.06) in both the methods. Repeatability measures for all the reproductive traits considered in this study were low to moderate in nature, which ranged from 0.09 to 0.17. Genetic correlations between different reproductive traits were positive and low (0.05) to high (0.98) in magnitude except AFC-NSPC. Low and negative genetic correlations of AFC with 305DMY and TLMY were favourable and indicated animals with high milk yield had early age of maturity. Positive genetic correlations between CI, DO and NSPC with all production traits implied the antagonism relationships among these traits, therefore in any breeding program for improvement of production traits via selection, the reproductive traits should be taken into account as well.
El objetivo del estudio fue estimar los componentes de varianzas, la heredabilidad y correlaciones genéticas y fenotípicas de los rasgos productivos de las líneas de cuyes Saños y Mantaro, ...desarrolladas en la Estación Experimental Agraria Santa Ana, Junín (Perú). Se calculó además la consanguinidad de las dos líneas. Se analizaron los registros desde 2017 a 2020. Se evaluaron los rasgos productivos de peso al nacimiento (PN), al destete (PD), a la semana 4 (P4), semana 8 (P8) y semana 13 (P13) de 1622 y 1874 cuyes de la línea Saños y Mantaro, respectivamente. La estimación de los componentes de varianza se realizó mediante modelos unicaracter, mientras que la estimación de las correlaciones genéticas y fenotípicas se dio mediante modelos bivariados. Los efectos fijos considerados en el modelo fueron el sexo (S), total de nacidos (TN), número de parto (NP) y temporada de parto de la madre (Tp). El efecto animal y camada constituyeron los componentes aleatorios dentro del modelo. Para PN y PD, se incluyó también como componente aleatorio el efecto materno. La consanguinidad media poblacional fue 0.67 y 0.18% para la línea Saños y Mantaro, respectivamente. Las heredabilidades de los rasgos productivos fueron 0.16 ± 0.02 y 0.13 ± 0.03 para PN, 0.18 ± 0.03 y 0.20 ± 0.05 para PD, 0.18 ± 0.04 y 0.14 ± 0.04 para P4, 0.13 ± 0.03 y 0.14 ± 0.03 para P8 y, 0.13 ± 0.03 y 0.12 ± 0.03 para P13 para las líneas Saños y Mantaro, respectivamente. La heredabilidad materna para el PN y PD en ambas líneas resultaron menores a 0.10. Las correlaciones genéticas para las líneas Saños y Mantaro fueron 0.53 ± 0.02 y 0.93 ± 0.06 para PN y PD, 0.85 ± 0.03 y 0.94 ± 0.05 para PD y P4, 0.84 ± 0.03 y 0.74 ± 0.05 para P4 y P8 y, 0.83 ± 0.05 y 0.75 ± 0.05 para P8 y P13. El ratio de la varianza debida a la camada con respecto a la varianza fenotípica varió desde 49% hasta 64%, siendo mayor la contribución en el PD de ambas líneas. Tanto las heredabilidades como la ratio de la varianza debida a la camada con respecto a la varianza fenotípica resultaron similares entre ambas líneas de cuyes.
This work was carried out to study the effect of supplement diet of laying hens with dried Kefir Milk the on their productive performance. A total number of 144 laying Lohmann brown hens aged 22 ...weeks were, distributed randomly to four treatment with three replicates per treatment (12 hen/ replicate) The first treatments served as control group and was fed basal diet (no Kefir), The second treatments was fed the basal diet supplemented with 2 g, of dried Kefir milk/ kg feed the third treatments was fed the basal diet supplemented with 4 g dried Kefir milk/kg feed, while the fourth treatment was fed the basal diet supplemented 6g dried Kefir milk/kg feed .The experiment lasted for 16 weeks till the age of 38 weeks. The results revealed significant improvement of the productive traits of the treatment received dried Kefir milk compared with the control group (P <0.05) It may be concluded that rate of egg production (% hen day production) number weight mass of eggs. And feed efficiency during the production periods under study were significant better due to inclusion of dried Kefir milk to layers diet.
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