In this article are shown migration processes, which are happening in Russia and China. A special attention is given to legislative framework, on which is based migration pressure’s regulation. There ...is an accent on the social support development of migrants in Russia and internal migrants in Chine. It’s shown, that specific of social and legal statuses of external and internal migrants in these countries determines different forms of social support.
There is no clear answer in academic world about whether to establish a social security system for migrant worker, and if doing so, whether it will influence the enterprises-competitiveness. Migrant ...worker has been contributing a lot for the urban construction, but it is also a vulnerable group, so the research in social security system for migrant worker is an inevitable problem. How to protect and guarantee the interests of the migrant workers become the social problem needed to be solved immediately nowadays. Based on the investigation about the situation of migrant worker’s social insurance in Lanzhou and applying the Logistic regression model to analyze the influence factors of migrant worker’s participation in social insurance in Lanzhou. This article proposes some suggestions about establishing a national electronic information files for migrant workers and transforming of the advertisement methods of the government.
Australia is seen as being at the forefront of shifts to an explicit asset-based policy in its approach to maintaining post-retirement living standards, having initiated a move away from an unfunded ...retirement income system to a universal, funded system in the early 1990s. This move supplemented a considerable implicit asset-based policy based on home ownership. This paper examines the potential that asset-based welfare has to protect households from poverty after retirement by focusing on the role of home ownership in preventing poverty among older Australians and on likely future trends in asset accumulation. It suggests that, although asset-based welfare has the potential to ease the fiscal constraints faced by the state, it may well lead to poorer social insurance outcomes for households with limited saving capacity over their lifetime. Older households who miss out on home ownership are shown to be multiply disadvantaged: they have lower non-housing wealth, lower disposable incomes and higher housing costs in retirement than homeowners and they have significantly higher after-housing poverty rates. Projections suggest that this group will grow in size in the coming decades. These outcomes suggest that Australia's asset-based welfare system is crumbling.
Economic circumstances have been argued to be a major determining factor of attitudes toward redistribution, but there is little well‐established evidence at the individual level. The Swedish ...National Election Studies are constructed as a rotating survey panel, which makes it possible to estimate the causal effect of economic changes. The empirical analysis shows that individuals who lose their job become considerably more supportive of redistribution. Yet, attitudes toward redistribution return to their initial level as economic prospects improve, suggesting that the effect is only temporary. While a job loss also changes attitudes toward the political parties, the probability of voting for the left‐wing is not affected.
Adequate income is a social determinant of health. In the United States, only Social Security beneficiaries receive inflation-protected guaranteed income. Social Security needs another 1983 ...compromise in which stakeholders accepted “shared pain” to avoid insolvency. We propose indexing the benefit using the chained consumer price index (CPI) for all urban consumers and providing a one-time bonus of 8% to 10% for beneficiaries in their mid-80s, when needs become greater. The chained CPI has little impact when beneficiaries start receiving benefits, but older beneficiaries need protection. The estimated 75-year savings from this restructured benefit amount to 14.2% to 18% of Social Security deficits. Modest increases in payroll taxes and maximum earnings taxed should make up most of the shortfall. Including unearned income with wages and salaries subject to the 6.2% individual tax would produce much more revenue. The discussion explores the proposal's political feasibility, grounding in current policy and political science literature, and the role of income as a social determinant of health.
The article looks at the concept of the socio-economic analysis of scientific sources carried out by scientists of four main historical stages of the formation and development of state social policy ...in the countries of Western Europe, which makes research topic relevant.
The scientific article gives scientific definitions to such categories as "social sphere", "social policy" by various scholars and authors. In addition, the article groups social protection programs, summarizes and comprehensively, analyzes the theoretical and scientific approaches to improving their effectiveness.
Having done an extensive analysis of the research materials, the author makes a conclusion about the urgency strengthening measures for social protection of the population in order to avoid further economic recession.
There are potentially large welfare gains if people can buy insurance that covers the costs of long‐term care. However, technical problems – largely information problems – face both the providers of ...insurance and potential buyers. These problems on both the supply and demand sides of the market suggest that the actuarial mechanism is not well suited to addressing risks associated with long‐term care. This line of argument underpins the article's main conclusion – that social insurance is a better fit.
This study estimated impacts of demographic and employment factors on the voluntary social insurance participation of Vietnamese informal workers by using data from the Labour Force Survey and ...Heckman's two-step probit selection model for four groups of informal workers. The results showed that age, the highest education level, number of school-age children in household, number of household members participating in the social insurance system, job position and income level of informal workers had significant impacts on their decision to participate in the scheme. Moreover, these impacts were different for informal workers when considering their job positions. Based on the findings, this study recommended various policies considering the aforementioned characteristics of informal workers.
In recent decades, business interests became protagonists of welfare retrenchment in many countries. In contrast, Austria’s national business organization, the WKÖ (Wirtschaftskammer Österreich), ...defended welfare programs and social partnership against government initiatives to dismantle them. Drawing on interviews and media reports, this article analyzes the reasons for this deviation, focusing on reforms in two fields: (a) public pensions and (b) social insurance administration. The article suggests that the institutional setup of interest representation in Austria explains this stance better than alternative explanations that focus on competitive advantages. The article identifies compulsory membership, equal voting rights, and encompassing organization as the relevant features of the institutional setup. These features shaped the WKÖ’s social policy attitudes in two ways: first, by ensuring a strong role for small firms, and second, by reducing the vulnerability of the organization to discontented minorities. The findings point to the importance of organizational structures in shaping associational policy preferences.
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