Sociological research has long suggested that cultural participation is socially stratified. We build on this literature to discuss the role of the subjective and objective dimensions of ...stratification and how they are linked to practices of social distinction through cultural consumption. The aim of this study is to understand (1) the effect of subjective and objective social status on patterns of cultural participation and (2) the implications of the status inconsistency. We use a probabilistic and representative sample of the Chilean urban population older than the age of 18. Latent class analyses show that a significant proportion of Chileans can be considered cultural omnivores. Multinomial diagonal reference models suggest that omnivorousness is positively predicted by subjective and objective social status. Moreover, regarding inconsistency, objective social status is prominent in the explanation of omnivorousness for both status-underestimating and status-overestimating individuals. These findings provide important insights for discussing the implications of status inconsistency on cultural consumption.
Navigating terrains of war Vigh, Henrik E
2006., 20060515, 2006, 2007., 2006-05-30, 20060101, Volume:
13
eBook
Through the concept of "social navigation," this book sheds light on the mobilization of urban youth in West Africa. Social navigation offers a perspective on praxis in situations of conflict and ...turmoil. It provides insights into the interplay between objective structures and subjective agency, thus enabling us to make sense of the opportunistic, sometimes fatalistic and tactical ways in which young people struggle to expand the horizons of possibility in a world of conflict, turmoil and diminishing resources.
Objective: To derive a robust estimate of the relation between health and subjective status in society versus subjective status in one's community, and to identify moderators of these effects, using ...meta-analysis. Method: Thirty-eight independent studies, which included both subjective status ladders and collectively provided data from 142,836 participants, met criteria for inclusion. Information on sample characteristics (e.g., age, gender, continent), methodological factors (e.g., scale type, methodological quality), and statistical factors (e.g., model type, inclusion of objective socioeconomic status covariates) were extracted from each study. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to aggregate data across studies. Results: Both the community ladder and the society ladder yielded small but statistically significant associations with health behavior (r = .06 and r = .06), mental health (r = .13 and r = .11), physical health (r = .05 and r = .04), and self-rated health (r = .08 and r = .09) that were comparable in size and were qualified in a similar way by the type of health outcome, sample age, continent, and methodological quality. Additionally, community and society ladders remained significantly associated with health both when considered simultaneously and following the inclusion of objective socioeconomic status covariates. Conclusions: This meta-analysis is the first to establish a unique association of the community ladder with health. It also supports social comparison theories highlighting the importance of comparisons with proximal others and may promote greater use of the community ladder in future research.
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CEKLJ, FFLJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PEFLJ
Paris mushroomed in the thirteenth century to become the largest city in the Western world, largely through in-migration from rural areas. The resulting dialect-mixture led to the formation of new, ...specifically urban modes of speech. From the time of the Renaissance social stratification became sharper as the elites distanced themselves from the Parisian 'Cockney' of the masses. Nineteenth-century urbanisation transformed the situation yet again with the arrival of huge numbers of immigrants from far-flung corners of France, levelling dialect-differences and exposing ever larger sections of the population to standardising influences. At the same time, a working-class vernacular emerged which was distinguished from the upper-class standard not only in grammar and pronunciation but most markedly in vocabulary (slang). This book examines the interlinked history of Parisian speech and the Parisian population through these various phases of in-migration, dialect-mixing and social stratification from medieval times to the present day.
The authors link the literature on racial fluidity and inequality in the United States and offer new evidence of the reciprocal relationship between the two processes. Using two decades of ...longitudinal data from a national survey, they demonstrate that not only does an individual's race change over time, it changes in response to myriad changes in social position, and the patterns are similar for both self-identification and classification by others. These findings suggest that, in the contemporary United States, microlevel racial fluidity serves to reinforce existing disparities by redefining successful or high-status people as white (or not black) and unsuccessful or low-status people as black (or not white). Thus, racial differences are both an input and an output in stratification processes; this relationship has implications for theorizing and measuring race in research, as well as for crafting policies that attempt to address racialized inequality. Adapted from the source document.
Studies of adults and adolescents suggest subjective socio-economic status (SES) is associated with health/well-being even after adjustment for objective SES. In adolescence, objective SES may have ...weaker relationships with health/well-being than at other life stages; school-based social status may be of greater relevance. We investigated the associations which objective SES (residential deprivation and family affluence), subjective SES and three school-based subjective social status dimensions (“SSS-peer”, “SSS-scholastic” and “SSS-sports”) had with physical symptoms, psychological distress and anger among 2503 Scottish 13–15 year-olds. Associations between objective SES and health/well-being were weak and inconsistent. Lower subjective SES was associated with increased physical symptoms and psychological distress, lower SSS-peer with increased psychological distress but reduced anger, lower SSS-scholastic with increased physical symptoms, psychological distress and anger, and lower SSS-sports with increased physical symptoms and psychological distress. Associations did not differ by gender. Objective and subjective SES had weaker associations with health/well-being than did school-based SSS dimensions. These findings underline the importance of school-based SSS in adolescence, and the need for future studies to include a range of school-based SSS dimensions and several health/well-being measures. They also highlight the need for a focus on school-based social status among those working to promote adolescent health/well-being.
•We examined associations between adolescent social status and several health measures.•Models included objective and subjective socio-economic status and school peer, scholastic and sports status.•School status had stronger associations with health than did socio-economic status.•Different school status dimensions and health measures were associated in different ways.•Studies should include a range of school status dimensions and health measures.
Higher subjective socio-economic status (SES) goes along with better self-rated health: This finding is well-established in the literature, yet the majority of studies it is based on only rely on ...cross-sectional analyses and only account for few potential confounders of the association. Particularly wealth, which is increasingly thought of as an important dimension of accumulated advantage, is only rarely examined as a confounder. Using eight waves of panel data from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA, 2002–19), we investigate the association between subjective SES and self-rated health. We use random effects models that account for theoretically important time-constant (such as education and social class) and time-varying confounders (such as income and wealth) as well as fixed-effects models, that in addition control for all time-constant confounders, whether observed or unobserved. The fully adjusted fixed-effects model reveals a statistically significant association between subjective SES and self-rated health. Yet, a one-point increase on the subjective SES ladder goes along with a two per cent of a standard deviation increase in self-rated health, only around a quarter of the size of the random-effects estimate. The role of wealth for the subjective SES–self-rated health association is negligible in the fixed-effects specifications. Smoking, drinking, and physical activity do not appear to mediate the association. A substantial part, though not all, of the observed association between subjective SES and self-rated health is due to unobserved confounding rather than a causal effect. Reducing health inequalities based on objective SES is likely more effective than based on subjective SES.
•Subjective socio-economic status is associated with self-rated health.•Fixed-effects analyses confirm this.•Yet the association is smaller than previously thought.•And much of it is due to unobserved confounding, not so much due to household wealth.•Health behaviors do not appear to mediate the association.
Research on grandiose narcissism distinguishes between self-promotional processes (i.e., narcissistic admiration) and other-derogative processes (i.e., narcissistic rivalry; Back et al., 2013). ...Moreover, research has begun to assess and investigate narcissistic manifestations in different domains (e.g., communal narcissism). To integrate these two lines of research, we developed the Domain-Specific Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire (D-NARQ), a 72-item narcissism questionnaire that contains a self-promotional process scale (narcissistic admiration) and an other-derogatory process scale (narcissistic rivalry) for four domains: intellectual ability, social dominance, communal care, and physical attractiveness. We investigated the psychometric properties of the D-NARQ in a large online study (N = 1,635). Model fit statistics were largely in line with the theorized factor structure. The D-NARQ scales had good to very good measurement precision, and their correlations with established narcissism scales, the Big Five personality traits, and comparative self-evaluations largely supported their convergent and discriminant validity.
This paper addresses the question of whether self-esteem affects women's intra-household bargaining power by using the National Survey on Women's Social Status of China (NSWSS). While providing a ...conceptual framework, the study employs econometric models to show that self-esteem positively affects women's intra-household bargaining power. The analyses, using an instrument-variable approach, and using different indicators of household bargaining power, further collaborate the robustness of our conclusion. Overall, the empirical study provides important insights on future academic research and policy measures in women's empowerment.
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