Some of the facets of the Kuppuswamy’s socioeconomic status scale sometimes create confusion and require explanation on how to classify, and need some minor updates to bring the scale up-to-date. ...This article provides a revised scale that allows for the real-time update of the scale.
The other-race effect refers to the phenomenon in which the chance of individuals misidentifying faces from other races more than their own race is significantly higher. This study explored the ...effect of motivation on the other-race effect by manipulating the social status of faces. The results showed that: (1) compared to other-race faces with low social status, when individuals' perceptions of the social status of other-race faces increased, individuals' recognition scores for high social status other-race faces increased, and the other-race effect disappeared, and (2) when individuals' perceptions of the social status of other-race faces decreased, there was no significant difference in individuals' recognition scores of other-race faces, of either high or low social status. These findings suggest that motivation has a significant impact on the other-race effect.
Research Summary: Social status and its dynamics may be an important predictor of which firms will engage in large-scale bribery. Prior theory is incomplete, however, and prior studies have lacked ...comprehensive and reliable data on firm-level bribery decisions. We offer a new theoretical prediction and a novel data set on high-level corruption in South Korea, where the accounting records of two presidents in the 1987-1992 era were exposed to after-the-fact legal and public scrutiny. We find that, controlling for a range of alternative explanations, the threat of falling high status—that is, the combination of longstanding high social status with current-period mediocre economic performance relative to that of industry peers—is a statistically and economically meaningful predictor of increases in the amount of large-scale corporate bribery. Managerial Summary: What leads companies to engage in large-scale bribery of senior politicians? Our concept of "threat of falling high status" refers to a circumstance where companies that have historically enjoyed high status through their owner families' elite marriage networks experience mediocre economic performance relative to their peers. We show that this threat of falling high status is a notable determinant of large-scale corporate bribery of senior politicians, using court data on corporate bribery of two South Korean presidents during 1987-1992. The implication of our study is twofold. Companies can strengthen internal control systems to avoid any largescale illegal activities at a higher level. Law enforcement agencies can also implement targeted monitoring programs to preempt illegal activities among companies facing the threat of falling high status.
This article explores the dynamics of status gaining and signalling among Instagram micro-influencers. The article posits that within the influencer industry, the process of status acquisition is ...undergoing a shift from attention to affect, where the collection and display of public expressions of sentiment have become central to accruing social status. The emphasis on affective responses and interactions, however, goes hand in hand with the constant quantification and commercialisation of affect, which becomes conflated into measurements of engagement. Furthermore, the concept of calibrated femininity is introduced to account for the gendered dimension of status-seeking practices and highlight their entanglement with a fine-tuned representation of the self and the body in accordance with social media analytics. The empirical research consists of qualitative interviews (n = 25) with Instagram micro-influencers, as well as insights emerging from digital ethnography. The results show how content creators construct social status as affect through three interconnected practices: the nurturing of their audience, the calibration of femininity, and the display of affective responses as status symbols.
Healthcare is probably the last frontier that Artificial Intelligence (AI) has not conquered. Cultural factors significantly impact the way healthcare is accessed and delivered. Affordability, ...educational and social status, physician training, lack of physician talent in difficult to serve areas all contribute to this. Cultural perspectives of clinicians and clinical habits during the human-computer interaction and inherent suspicion of lack of human to human interaction contribute to perceptions of inhibition in the adoption of AI in routine medical practice. In this paper we examine whether measurable cultural dimensions would impact the adoption of AI in routine clinical practice.
Qualified Medical Professionals (n=206) were chosen randomly and an online secure survey was conducted consisting of 26 questions. 83% of respondents were from different parts of India, remaining 17 % from other countries like USA, Canada, UK, UAE, Oman, Zambia, Nigeria, Bangladesh, Vietnam and Japan. We defined four different cultural dimensions inspired by Hofstede's cultural dimension theory and one dimension based on attitudes of clinicians towards technology in general. We measured the following: Compliance distance (the degree of adherence to evidence based standards) Collectivism vs Individualism (the sense of belonging to a group) Long term vs Short term orientation (the idea of planning and thinking long term) Uncertainty Avoidance (the degree of tolerance to uncertainty) Technology Friendliness (the degree to which technology is perceived as being helpful) Results: We found that there were no differences in adoption of AI in clinical practices based on compliance, collectivism, and long term orientation. However, we found a correlation between the requirement for a face to face consultation (high uncertainty avoidance) and Non-adoption of AI. The results demonstrate that uncertainty avoidance hinder the acceptance of technology like telemedicine and AI alike. There were also no major differences in the adoption of AI based on any geographical variation, specialty or practice sector on the adoption of AI. Notably, tech savviness or technology friendliness did not affect the adoption of AI. We conclude that any useful AI technology which gives validated results could be adopted by clinicians in general and has potential to become a good screening measure in areas with poor healthcare access.
Of the many cultural dimensions we studied, the only dimension that seemed to have an impact on the adoption of any technology including AI was the high uncertainty avoidance. Other dimensions did not impact the adoption of AI.
In this study, we analyse the reasons for the onward migration of Bangladeshis in Italy to the UK after they obtain Italian citizenship. The findings of 51 in‐depth interviews and participant ...observation with Bangladeshi migrants with Italian citizenship in three cities of north‐eastern Italy and two cities of the UK indicate that Italian Bangladeshis move to the UK, not only for economic reasons, but also, to better manage the cultural and social reproduction of their family, particularly the second generation. This is indicative of the centrality of colonial legacy from a cultural and economic point of view. Since the UK has the biggest Bangladeshi diaspora, there are more opportunities for reproducing Bengali traditions and religious upbringing for their children. Additionally, Italian Bangladeshis also mentioned that providing British education to the next generation can increase their social status in their home country.
The current study examined children's identification and reasoning about their subjective social status (SSS), their beliefs about social class groups (i.e., the poor, middle class, and rich), and ...the associations between the two. Study participants were 117 10- to 12-year-old children of diverse racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic backgrounds attending a laboratory elementary school in Southern California. Results indicated that children's SSS ratings correlated with indicators of family socioeconomic status and were informed by material possessions, lifestyle characteristics, and social and societal comparisons. Children rated the poor as having fewer positive attributes and more negative attributes than the middle class, and fewer positive attributes than the rich. Lower SSS children held less positive attitudes toward the poor than children with middle SSS ratings.
Student–teacher relationships have been shown to influence bullying-related behaviors in students. This study considered the moderating role of students' social statuses in the classroom. The study ...sample included 435 students (48.7% females) taken from 18 Italian middle-school classrooms (i.e., sixth to eighth grade). A multigroup path analysis approach was employed to examine whether the effects of the student-teacher relationships on bullying-related behaviors differed among social statuses. The results showed that perceived conflict with the teacher was shown to have a significant positive effect on students' engagement in active bullying for students from all the statuses, except for neglected students. In particular, this effect was more relevant for rejected students. The results showed that social status and student-teacher relationships integrate and shed light on which roles are taken by young adolescents in school bullying, highlighting that it is important for the teachers to recognize these students.
Prominent social psychologists and major media outlets have put forward the notion that people of high socioeconomic status (SES) are more selfish and behave more unethically than people of low SES. ...In contrast, other research in economics and sociology has hypothesized and found a positive relationship between SES and prosocial and ethical behavior. We review the empirical evidence for these contradictory findings and conduct two direct, well-powered, and preregistered replications of the field studies by Piff and colleagues (2012) to test the relationship between SES and unethical/selfish behavior. Unlike the original findings, we find no evidence of a positive relationship between SES and unethical/selfish behavior in the two field replication studies.
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CEKLJ, FFLJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PEFLJ
500.
Social Contagion in New Product Trial and Repeat Iyengar, Raghuram; Van den Bulte, Christophe; Lee, Jae Young
Marketing science (Providence, R.I.),
05/2015, Volume:
34, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
The notion of peer influence in new product adoption or trial is well accepted. We propose that peer influence may affect repeat behavior as well, though the process and source of influence are ...likely to differ between trial and repeat. Our analysis of the acceptance of a risky prescription drug by physicians provides three novel findings. First, there is evidence of contagion not only in trial but also in repeat. Second, who is most influential varies across stages. Physicians with high centrality in the discussion and referral network and with high prescription volume are influential in trial but not repeat. In contrast, immediate colleagues, few of whom are nominated as a discussion or referral partner, are influential in both trial and repeat. Third, who is most influenceable also varies across stages. For trial, it is physicians who do not consider themselves to be opinion leaders, whereas for repeat, it is those located towards the middle of the status distribution as measured by network centrality. The pattern of results is consistent with informational social influence reducing risk in trial and normative social influence increasing conformity in repeat.
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