•Overview of modeling approaches, formulations, problem classes, and solution techniques.•Overview of methods for uncertainty mitigation.•Overview of tools for modeling, co-simulation, control ...design, and optimization.•A unified framework with focus on the real-world applications.•Standardized control performance assessment methodology.
It has been proven that advanced building control, like model predictive control (MPC), can notably reduce the energy use and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. However, despite intensive research efforts, the practical applications are still in the early stages. There is a growing need for multidisciplinary education on advanced control methods in the built environment to be accessible for a broad range of researchers and practitioners with different engineering backgrounds. This paper provides a unified framework for model predictive building control technology with focus on the real-world applications. From a theoretical point of view, this paper presents an overview of MPC formulations for building control, modeling paradigms and model types, together with algorithms necessary for real-life implementation. The paper categorizes the most notable MPC problem classes, links them with corresponding solution techniques, and provides an overview of methods for mitigation of the uncertainties for increased performance and robustness of MPC. From a practical point of view, this paper delivers an elaborate classification of the most important modeling, co-simulation, optimal control design, and optimization techniques, tools, and solvers suitable to tackle the MPC problems in the context of building climate control. On top of this, the paper presents the essential components of a practical implementation of MPC such as different control architectures and nuances of communication infrastructures within supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. The paper draws practical guidelines with a generic workflow for implementation of MPC in real buildings aimed for contemporary adopters of this technology. Finally, the importance of standardized performance assessment and methodology for comparison of different building control algorithms is discussed.
Review of fractional PID controller Shah, Pritesh; Agashe, Sudhir
Mechatronics (Oxford),
September 2016, 2016-09-00, Volume:
38
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Fractional calculus has been studied for over three centuries, and it has multifarious applications in science and engineering. This review investigates its progress since the first reported use of ...control systems, covering the fractional PID proposed by Podlubny in 1994, and is presenting a state-of-the-art fractional PID controller, incorporating the latest contributions in this field. It highlights developments in the field of fractional PID controllers, including their design and tuning, as well as explores their various versions. Software tools associated to the design of fractional PID controllers are also discussed.
In the operation of biorefineries, performing a quantitative, economic, and environmental assessment of process equipment design without the use of related software, is time-consuming, difficult, and ...sometimes impossible due to the complexity and high volume of calculations. The wrong choice of software in simulation and modeling can cause a lot of damages and lead to inaccurate results. Therefore, choosing an integrated system and specialized software can be the most important tool to achieve the planned goals. This study is aimed to investigate how and when to make the right software choice to enhance the performance and profits and diminish the risks, operating costs, and environmental impacts. The software used in the stages of cultivation, harvesting, conversion of microalgae, process optimization, and environmental impact assessment of biorefineries are introduced in various sections of this study, and the advantages and disadvantages of each of them are given along with some practical examples. The software tools investigated in this study include Aspen plus, SuperPro Designer, BioSTEAM, IPSEpro, WinGEMS, Unisim Design, Virtual Sugarcane Biorefinery (VSB) modeling software, Simapro, OpenLCA, and, etc., which can be used according to feed and process conditions and products. To our knowledge, we did not encounter any similar reviews or reports, and this review is the first of its kind on this topic.
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•Software tools for microalgae biorefineries were presented.•Biofuel production modeling and optimization was investigated.•How and when to choose the right software was developed.•Reduction of the risks, operating costs, and environmental impacts by software was introduced.
•Improved thermal models for Floating Photovoltaic systems is proposed.•The performances of used software tools have been verified experimentally.•The optimal geometrical configurations of floating ...photovoltaics are investigated.•A comparison of monofacial or bifacial Photovoltaic modules in floating systems is considered.
The aim of this study is to create usable commercial simulation software tools for photovoltaic (PV) systems even in the case of floating applications. Using the experimental data of a plant installed at the “Enel Innovation Lab” in Catania (IT), adequate heat exchange coefficients of the software's thermal models were found, which allowed us to take into account the thermal effects for these types of installations. An optimization of the sizes for mono- and bifacial floating systems was carried out. The simulated data for a ground system were compared with the floating data through performance indices. In addition, monofacial models were compared with bifacial. The optimized variables are the tilt angle and the pitch, whereas for the bifacial systems, the module elevation is also considered. The albedo is a sensitive factor mainly for the bifacial modules, so it was considered a parameter in the different design solutions. The simulations were performed by two specialized commercial software programs, where different PV system models are implemented. The normalized annual energy yield was chosen as a meaningful parameter with which to compare the different solutions. As the analysis of PV systems is highly site dependent, the study was developed for two locations, characterized by different diffuse and albedo solar irradiance components, specifically at high latitudes (Frankfurt, DE) and at intermediate latitudes (Catania, IT).
Intact glycopeptide identification has long been known as a key and challenging barrier to the comprehensive and accurate understanding the role of glycosylation in an organism. Intact glycopeptide ...analysis is a blossoming field that has received increasing attention in recent years. MS-based strategies and relative software tools are major drivers that have greatly facilitated the analysis of intact glycopeptides, particularly intact N-glycopeptides. This article provides a systematic review of the intact glycopeptide-identification process using MS data generated in shotgun proteomic experiments, which typically focus on N-glycopeptide analysis. Particular attention is paid to the software tools that have been recently developed in the last decade for the interpretation and quality control of glycopeptide spectra acquired using different MS strategies. The review also provides information about the characteristics and applications of these software tools, discusses their advantages and disadvantages, and concludes with a discussion of outstanding tools.
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•Summarize the development of software tools for intact glycopeptide analysis.•Survey the MS acquisition strategies for glycopeptide spectrum acquisition.•Conclude the quality control methods for glycopeptide-spectrum matching.•Show the application of intact glycopeptide analysis in glycoproteomic research.
This article provides a systematic review of the most recent MS-based strategies and corresponding software tools for the analysis of intact glycopeptides, particularly intact N-glycopeptides, reported in the last decade, including the process of identifying N-glycopeptides from MS data, the existing methods of MS data acquisition and interpretation, the quality control methods, the display of results, and the software applications.
This review provides a brief overview of the development of data‐independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry‐based proteomics and selected DIA data analysis tools. Various DIA acquisition schemes ...for proteomics are summarized first including Shotgun‐CID, DIA, MSE, PAcIFIC, AIF, SWATH, MSX, SONAR, WiSIM, BoxCar, Scanning SWATH, diaPASEF, and PulseDIA, as well as the mass spectrometers enabling these methods. Next, the software tools for DIA data analysis are classified into three groups: library‐based tools, library‐free tools, and statistical validation tools. The approaches are reviewed for generating spectral libraries for six selected library‐based DIA data analysis software tools which are tested by the authors, including OpenSWATH, Spectronaut, Skyline, PeakView, DIA‐NN, and EncyclopeDIA. An increasing number of library‐free DIA data analysis tools are developed including DIA‐Umpire, Group‐DIA, PECAN, PEAKS, which facilitate identification of novel proteoforms. The authors share their user experience of when to use DIA‐MS, and several selected DIA data analysis software tools. Finally, the state of the art DIA mass spectrometry and software tools, and the authors’ views of future directions are summarized.
Identification and quantitative determination of analytes released from food contact materials (FCMs) is still an analytical challenge for scientists since neither chemical nor spectral databases nor ...analytical standards are available. Gas and liquid chromatography hyphenated to a variety of accurate mass analyzers based on the use of high-resolution have been used for this purpose. In this review, we present an overview of current approaches based on high resolution accurate mass spectrometry (HRAMS) analysis, particularly based on software tools for data acquisition and data processing used for the identification of unknown migrants coming from plastic FCMs. The main advantages and disadvantages of identification strategies have been put into evidence. A summary of the different intentionally and non-intentionally added substances identified or tentatively identified in plastic FCMs using HRAMS analysis has also been presented. Finally, we discuss the main current risk assessment strategies for food packaging migration studies found in the literature.
•Challenges of identification of unknown migrants from FCMs.•Current approaches in HRAMS analysis of plastic packaging materials are presented.•Main non-targeted screening strategies for migrants analysis are commented.•Discussion of limitations in the non-targeted screening analysis.•Food packaging migration risk assessment strategies are described.
This article describes the author’s unsuccessful attempt to use current generative artificial intelligence tools to reduce instructors’ workloads by creating course syllabi that reference no cost ...resources.
Herein we present Sim2DSphere, an open-source software tool that offers a complete environment for mapping key parameters characterizing land surface interactions (LSIs) at varying spatiotemporal ...resolution using standard and freely available geospatial data. The tool has been developed in Java programming language as an add-on module to the SimSphere Soil Vegetation Atmosphere Transfer model. Its use is demonstrated herein using Earth Observation (EO) data products from ASTER satellite, acquired over a European site belonging to FLUXNET global in-situ monitoring network. Results obtained in overall confirmed Sim2DSphere's ability to replicate the diurnal spatiotemporal variability of key LSIs parameters at the ecosystem and environmental conditions in which it was tested. The presented herein tool can be applied by the scientific community, managers and policy-makers as a form of acquiring technical and scientifically-based information for improving our understanding of LSIs and to achieve a more sustainable environment. In addition, this new add-on modelling tool consists an important step towards advancing the deployment of geo-processing tools utilising the state-of-the-art EO data available today. The software tool systematic validation at variant testing conditions as well as further software developments to improve its use are between the key priorities of future work with it.
•An open-source software tool to facilitate the study of Land Surface Interactions.•First experimental results of Sim2DSphere’s simulations presented herein.•Sim2DSphere enables for the first time the inclusion of the spatial dimension to the SimSphere SVAT model.
The arrival of different renewable energy and storage technologies with lower costs is helping smaller communities to gain access to affordable electricity resources through energy systems fed from ...heterogeneous generation resources. With the growing popularity of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRES), a novel kind of end-user software tool has also emerged to help planners optimize such energy installations. At the same time, there is an increase in the number of research articles that warn about the need for considering social indicators such as job creation and social acceptance when designing HRESs in addition to the usual considerations of economical, technical, and environmental criteria. Consequently, the design of HRESs could also be optimized by adding such new social parameters. Mainly, this article presents a complete review of the most popular tools for designing HRESs, and the main conclusion of this survey is that these tools do not consider social factors which is a real opportunity to boost the capabilities of such software packages. Also, this research provides valuable information for the developers of HRES optimization tools, providing them, on the one hand, with insights about the advantages of including social parameters during technology assessment and, on the other hand, with a guide to help them with selecting the most pertinent tool at each case, allowing designers to make the most of the socio-demographic structures and obtain more advantages from local renewable resources.
•A review and assessment of hybrid renewable energy systems is done.•An analysis about social indicators within these platforms is carried out.•An evaluation of the hybrid research energy tools optimization is presented.•A characterisation to a lot of hybrid renewable energy tools is made.•A link between hybrid renewable energy systems and its social impact is made.
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