Spatial conflicts of land use (SCLU) arise during land-use change, which causes an imbalance of land-use spatial patterns and negatively affects society, the economy, and ecology. Previous research ...has focused on identifying and measuring SCLU, with less attention on the negative effects. The incorporation of risk assessment methods to evaluate potential conflict risks has been limited. The current study presents methods for measuring SCLU and assessing potential conflict risks from the ecological environment perspective. The spatial comprehensive conflicts index and potential conflict risk index were used to identify and measure the SCLU and to assess and warn against potential conflict risks, respectively, based on a case study in the Ili River Valley in China. The impacts of terrain restriction and land-use change on the SCLU were explored. Results indicate that (1) the SCLU area in the Ili River Valley decreased by 2,608 km2 from 2010 to 2020, compared to the previous decade, the degree of conflict weakened, and the main body of the SCLU gradually shifted northwest. (2) The potential risk areas cover 20,268 km2 in 2020–2030 and are mainly distributed in the “Khorgas City–Huocheng County–Yining City–Yining County” group of towns, as well as along the Ili–Kunes rivers and in the ecological protection zone in the south of the Ili River Valley, which shows the clustering along the city and distribution along the river in the spatial pattern. (3) Topography had a significant impact on the SCLU, and the main types of land-use change in the severe-conflict zone were the reduction of grassland and the expansion of arable and built-up land. For future conflict mitigation in the Ili River Valley, cautioning against urban sprawl and safeguarding land ecological security is critical. This study systematically investigates and analyzes SCLU across three dimensions: theory, methodology, and application to produce a theoretical and practical framework to identify SCLU and assess potential conflict risks.
•Spatial conflicts of oasis is studied from the perspective of ecological environment.•Spatial conflicts of land use is identified by risk index and Eco-environmental value.•The warning areas of potential conflict risks are evaluated by Risk Matrix Approach.•Topography and land use type change have significant impacts on spatial conflicts.
Spatial conflicts are formed in the process of urbanization and become the primary drivers of urban ecological and environmental problems. The defining trait of a spatial conflict is the occupation ...of ecological or agricultural spaces by construction spaces. This work presents a classification scheme for spatial conflicts in China, including source-area conflicts, corridor conflicts, safety conflicts, and farmland conflicts. Also, it constructs a model for the determination of spatial conflicts and conflict intensity using diagrammatic method. Based on a case study performed using our methods on Shenzhen, we proposed a timeline and policy roadmap for the resolution of spatial conflicts in Shenzhen according to the severity and characteristics of spatial conflicts in the city. The results show that the total spatially conflicted area of Shenzhen is 10.57 km2, and the percentage of construction land-use in these areas is 1.37%. The spatial conflicts are mainly source-area or corridor conflicts, and minor conflicts account for approximately 60% of the total conflicted area. Most of the spatial conflicts are either “easy to resolve” or “moderately easy to resolve”. Overall, in terms of the severity of spatial conflict, Shenzhen remains at the “stable and under control” level. Considering the primary aim of spatial conflict resolution is to revert built-up lands into urban green spaces, we proposed a timeline for the resolution of spatial conflicts in Shenzhen over the next 15 years, as well as a system of supporting policies. The results of this study shall serve as a guide for the optimization of urban spatial structures and the promotion of sustainable urban development.
•A novel approach to identify and resolute spatial conflicts was proposed based on China's new spatial planning rules.•Classification scheme for spatial conflicts includes source-area, corridor, safety and farmland conflicts.•It developed a diagrammatic method to identify spatial conflicts and estimate their intensities.•A patch-differentiated timeline for the resolution of spatial conflicts was designed.
Workspace demand changes across space and time, stressing the need to consider space as a limited and renewable resource. Traditional scheduling techniques have not fully handled this issue. This ...paper proposes a workspace management framework using a game engine to address that. The simulator detects spatial interferences by combining geometric computations and physics simulations. The detected conflicts are filtered through Bayesian inference to detect non-critical scenarios and avoid overestimation. The proposed spatial conflict simulator was tested using a real use case and compared to commercial tools. Results showed that the Navisworks approach detected 58 spatial conflicts (of which only 25% were relevant), the Synchro approach detected 1 spatial conflict, and the proposed approach detected 1 “direct” and 4 “indirect” spatial conflicts. Results show its capability to detect more relevant spatial issues than state-of-the-art tools and avoid overestimations. Construction management teams can adjust or confirm the schedule with that information.
•Workspaces management during the execution of construction projects is a challenge.•This paper proposes a workspace management framework integrating the work planning phase with spatial analysis•A BIM-based spatial conflicts simulator has been developed using serious gaming technology.•The developed simulator extends detectable conflicts by combining physics simulations and geometric computations.•Bayesian inference has been integrated with the simulator to automatically assess the criticality of detected conflicts.•The developed simulator has been validated against the most popular 4D tools (i.e., Navisworks and Synchro 4D).
Background This study performs an exploratory analysis of current-future sustainability challenges for ocean planning for the regional seas of Catalonia located in the Western Mediterranean (Spain). ...Methods To address the challenges we develop an Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP)-oriented geodatabase of maritime activities and deploy three spatial models: 1) an analysis of regional contribution to the 30% protection commitment with Biodiversity Strategy 2030; 2) a spatial Maritime Use Conflict (MUC) analysis to address current and future maritime activities interactions and 3) the StressorGenerator QGIS application to locate current and anticipate future sea areas of highest anthropogenic stress. Results & Conclusions Results show that the i) study area is one of the most protected sea areas in the Mediterranean (44–51% of sea space protected); ii) anthropogenic stressors are highest in 1–4 nautical miles coastal areas, where maritime activities agglomerate, in the Gulf of Roses and Gulf of Saint Jordi. iii) According to the available datasets commercial fishery is causing highest conflict score inside protected areas. Potential new aquaculture sites are causing highest conflict in Internal Waters and the high potential areas for energy cause comparably low to negligible spatial conflicts with other uses. We discuss the added value of performing regional MSP exercises and define five challenges for regional ocean sustainability, namely: Marine protection beyond percentage, offshore wind energy: a new space demand, crowded coastal areas, multi-level governance of the regional sea and MSP knowledge gaps.
A new maritime spatial plan for the German EEZ has come into force in 2021, replacing the first plans for the North Sea and Baltic Sea dating back to 2009. This paper discusses key changes in the new ...plan, highlighting how it has adapted to changing circumstances and demands within the existing framework of spatial planning legislation. While the regulatory instruments available to MSP have remained unchanged, we find that the understanding of MSP has become more complex, not least in response to the EU MSPD. More uses and activities have been allocated priority and reservation areas and there is innovation in the use of overlapping, temporary and conditional priority areas. Changes are also apparent in the planning process which has become closely interlinked with the SEA process. Nonetheless, we also highlight challenges MSP in the EEZ still needs to navigate. These relate to the rapid expansion of offshore wind farming, the inclusion of climate change in MSP, application of the ecosystem approach, as well as transparency in the final stages of the MSP process.
•The new maritime spatial plan for the German EEZ reflects a maturing MSP practice.•More area designations have been made, covering all of the EEZ.•Overlapping, temporary and conditional priority areas have been introduced.•Offshore wind farming is expanding rapidly, representing a key source of conflict.•Challenges include the EBA, multi-use, climate change and a fully transparent MSP process.
This article aims to determine the specificity of spatial conflicts related to spatial plans concerning wind power plants. To achieve the aim of the article, all spatial plans in force in Poland were ...analysed, distinguishing those which determine the possibility of realisation of wind power plants. The research concerns the whole country. The literature review carried out for this article verifies approaches to spatial conflicts and identifies how planning barriers to the implementation of wind power investments are defined. The results identified Polish municipalities where spatial plans containing provisions for implementing wind power plants have been enacted. Then, through survey research, an attempt was made to identify critical spatial conflicts occurring in these municipalities. The last part of the research involved identifying and analysing Polish court decisions concerning spatial plans permitting wind power plants. These were recognised as a particular stage of spatial conflicts. The article’s novelty is the attempt to isolate regional spatial conflicts concerning wind power plants comprehensively. This applies to a broader scientific discussion (also applicable to other countries). In addition, the treatment of court cases as the final stage of spatial conflicts related to the location of wind power plants should be considered innovative. An important contribution to the international discussion is the proposal for broader (quantitative) research on the role of courts in spatial planning. Possible classifications in court settlements of parties to spatial conflicts, reasons for spatial conflicts, and ways of ending conflicts have been proposed.
Seabirds often have wide distribution ranges and may travel relatively long distances to breeding grounds, often crossing jurisdictional boundaries. When engaged in foraging behaviour, seabirds are ...prone to interact with different fisheries and suffer incidental mortality. We assessed the spatial use of foraging Magellanic penguins
Spheniscus magellanicus
breeding at 3 colonies within the Patagonia Austral Marine Park (San Jorge Gulf, Argentina) in relation to different jurisdictions. We also quantified their spatial overlap with 3 trawl fisheries and bycatch (incidental mortality), an interaction previously reported in the region. Breeding Magellanic penguins mainly used waters under provincial jurisdiction within the gulf, with some use of federal waters depending on the breeding season and colony location. Spatial use by breeding penguins resulted in a variable but relatively low overlap with the operations of the 3 fishing fleets in 2014-2016 (1.1-26.3%). Changes in the spatial distribution of fishing operations in recent years resulted in a lower overlap than in 2005-2007 (12.1-60.8%). Incidental mortality during 2008-2014 was also variable and relatively low (0.0-0.363 birds per haul). Breeding Magellanic penguins foraged outside protected area boundaries where they can spatially overlap with and face potential threats from different fishing fleets that operate in waters of provincial and/or federal jurisdiction. Despite the current low spatial overlap, the relatively fast changes in fishing patterns in the recent past draw attention to the need for continuous monitoring. Data obtained in this study may prove valuable in case the implementation of spatial and temporal closures of fishing operations is needed.
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