•A fixed-amount and variable-rate fertiliser applicator with vertical a spiral conveyor is proposed.•The rate changes with the travel speed but keeps the amount of fertiliser constant.•The ...fertilization uniformity relies on the changes of duty of the PWM pulse.•The accuracy relies on the linearity between duty and consumption per unit distance.•Regression statistics was used to research the degree of the linearity between duty and consumption.
Fertilizer plays a significant role in increasing crops quality. When fertilizer users use inappropriate fertilization practices in fields, it brings nutrient waste, large investment and residue in soil. The purpose of the present paper is to develop a fixed-amount and variable-rate fertilizer applicator with a vertical spiral conveyor to minimize this risk. As for row replacement, high accurate and uniform application patterns from a reliable fertilizer applicator for precision farming are required. This applicator includes a speed measure unit and a fixed-amount and variable-rate Pulse Width Modulation control system. In order to evaluate our fertilizer applicator, its performance was tested in both laboratory and field. The findings of this study suggest that the applicator with a vertical spiral conveyor and a variable-rate pulse width modulation control system makes fewer errors during application. To guarantee the degree of accuracy of this applicator, the linearity between travel speed and amount of fertilizer is essential. Both of the applicator tests revealed that using the applicator was a positive experience because it can preset expected consumption by operator and always keep amount of fertilizer uniform and accurate while traveling, and it will be widely used in Southwest China.
The purpose of the research: to develop an innovative method for simultaneous single-stage preparation of feed drug mixtures and a technological scheme for implementation of this method. Materials ...and methods. The innovative method of simultaneous single-stage preparation of feed drug mixtures from filling compound (grinded grain forage) containing anthelmintics is developed. Technical means used for implementation of this method include a loading track, robotic discharger, mobile dosage device, robotic depanner, blender and a mixer. The work cycle begins when the robotic depanner is switched on while its horizontal upper telescopic boom with a small gripper moves out and selects by barcode the necessary container with the anthelmintic specified in the animal therapy program; then this container is moved from the upper boom to the location of lower boom with the chopper housing. The small gripper ensures the pouring of therapeutic drug from the open top container to the chopper; then returns then container to this original position. Herein, according to the program set by the microprocessor the screw discharger pours the necessary dose of filler (30%) from the supply bunker to the shredder where co-milling occurs; therapeutic drug and filler are mixed within 3 min. what provides the receiving of working premix. Lower boom (with a large gripper) brings the shredder to the neck of the main mixer; the adjustable mechanism of the shredder opens the lid of its housing; the large gripper turns it and the working premix is poured into the main mixer with the adjustable electric wire. The final dose of filler (70%) is dosed with the use of the screw feeder to the main mixer where is mixed within 4 minutes with the working premix; that provides the receiving of feed drug mixture. From the main mixer mixture is poured with the inclined conveyor into the feeder, which distributes feed drug mixture to free feeding sick animals. Operation of the entire equipment is carried out by a microprocessor. Results and discussion. According to research results, the innovative method for simultaneous single-stage preparation of feed drug mixtures and a technological scheme for implementation are proposed. To implement this method we have used equipment made in block-and-module performance with the use of robots and manipulators. An effective method of impulse introduction of liquid therapeutic drugs is also used in mixer design. A technological scheme of the single-stage preparation of feed drug mixtures is presented. The equipment of this line can be installed both stationary indoor and in a trailer or a van.
Spiral conveyor spewing is a serious danger when the shield tunneling machine crosses water-rich sand stratum. It will lead to the malfunction of dregs discharging and the failure of soil pressure’s ...effective control. It will be a chief reason to influence construction progress and even cause secondary disaster, which led to the serious destroy of the survival environment, such as ground collapse, water leakage in the tunnel. The danger of spiral conveyor spewing and the countermeasures and the method of the project can be stated by the construction experience in some sections, in order to give some suggestion and references to similar engineering.
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