The lengths of two particular cases of (possibly non-unital) composition algebras, namely standard composition algebras and Okubo algebras over an arbitrary field, are computed. These results finish ...the complete description of lengths of symmetric composition algebras and finite-dimensional flexible composition algebras.
Some identities satisfied by certain standard composition algebras, of types II and III, are studied and become candidates for the characterization of the mentioned types. Composition algebras of ...arbitrary dimension, over a field
F
with char
(
F
)
≠
2
and satisfying the identity
x
2
y
=
n
(
x
)
y
are shown to be standard composition algebras of type II. As a consequence, the identity
y
x
2
=
n
(
x
)
y
characterizes the type III.
Much interest has been caused in the garbage recycling system like garbage disposer recently in Japan. To make clear the composition (quality), the discharge, and the loading characteristics of ...disposer wastewater from typical Japanese household is therefore of much importance, which is also regarded as one of the objectives of this research. Results of our investigation showed that the typical discharge of disposer wastewater was 5l·cap-1·d-1, the typical weight was 250g·cap-1·d-1, with its composition as vegetables 37%, fruits 30%, meat and seafood 16%, boiled rice 7.3%, used tea leaves 4.4%, and the others 5.3%. A typical garbage was selected and the loading characteristics were investigated. It was clear that the quality of the disposer wastewater was, T-BOD 5,500mg·l-1, T-COD 5,100mg·l-1, TOC 3,400mg·l-1, T-N 270mg·l-1, T-P 50mg·l-1, n-Hex 700mg·l-1, SS 7,100mg·l-1, VSS 6,500mg·l-1. Among them the undissolved part occupied about 75%. And the Solid Separate apparatus could reduce about 30% of the disposer wastewater pollution. In addition, it was also suggested that fresh residue exerted a larger influence on the loading disposer wastewater than vegetable. Moreover, disposer wastewater could increase the C/N ratio of domestic wastewater.
Patient safety is the mission of the American Association for Accreditation of Ambulatory Surgery Facilities, Inc (AAAASF). Well-crafted standards are at the foundation of attaining successful ...Ambulatory Surgical Facility outcomes. Without expert inspection practices and administrative processes supporting these standards, they are powerless to protect patients. This 2-part approach is used by AAAASF to ensure 100% compliance of all surgical standards.
Several recent studies have suggested that empirical rejections of the permanent income/life cycle model might be due to the existence of liquidity constraints. This paper tests the permanent income ...hypothesis against the alternative hypothesis that consumers optimize subject to a well-specified sequence of borrowing constraints. Implications for consumption in the presence of borrowing constraints are derived and then tested using time-series/cross-section data on families from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. The results generally support the hypothesis that an inability to borrow against future labor income affects the consumption of a significant portion of the population.
One of the important determinants of the response of saving and consumption to the real interest rate is the elasticity of intertemporal substitution. That elasticity can be measured by the response ...of the rate of change of consumption to changes in the expected real interest rated. A detailed study of data for the twentieth-century United States shows no strong evidence that the elasticity of intertemporal substitution is positive. Earlier findings of substantially positive elasticities are reversed when appropriate estimation methods are used.
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