El propósito de esta investigación fue comparar los efectos de 2 diferentes intervalos de recuperación sobre el volumen del press de banca completado durante una sesión. Veinte y dos hombres fueron ...voluntarios para participar en este estudio (edad 26.0 ± 7.5 años; masa corporal 73.0 ±14.2 kg ). Todos los sujetos realizaron 2 sesiones de evaluación, durante las cuales se realizaron 3 series de press de banca con una carga igual al 85% de 1RM. Durante cada sesión, las series se realizaron con un período de recuperación de 1 o 3 minutos entre las series. El volumen fue definido como el número de repeticiones completado en las 3 series en cada condición experimental. La condición en la que se realizaron 3 min de recuperación resultó en el mayor volumen completado (+35,8%). La capacidad para realizar un mayor volumen de entrenamiento con una carga dada puede estimular mayores adaptaciones al entrenamiento de la fuerza.
O treinamento de força é uma das modalidades de exercício físico mais praticadas na atualidade. O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar a área e o perímetro de miócitos do gastrocnêmio de ratos ...(Rattus novergicus) submetidos a um protocolo crônico de 25 sessões de treinamento de força. Os resultados indicaram aumento da área e do perímetro celular do grupo treinado, em relação ao grupo controle (não treinado). A hipertrofia celular promove aumento da força e manutenção neuromuscular de maneira positiva. Conclui-se que o treinamento de força é uma alternativa não medicamentosa que promove o aumento de força, verificado pela hipertrofia muscular, e pode auxiliar no tratamento de diversas doenças que carecem desta valência física. Palavras-chave: Treinamento de força. Miócitos. Área celular. Perímetro celular. Protocolo de treinamento. Strength training and its effects on the cross-section área and mobile perimeter of rattus novergicus gastrocnemio Strenght training is one of the most popular choices of physical conditioning training nowadays. The objective of the current study was to compare the area and the perimiter of rats' (Rattus novergicus) gastrocnemius miocytes, submitted to a chronical 25 strenght training sessions. The results indicate increasing of the cell area and perimeter on the experimental group when compared to the control gruoup (not trained at all during the study). The cell hypertrophy promotes raising of the muscle strenght and nerumuscular maintaince in a positive way. It is conclued that the stenght training is a non-phamacological alternative that promotes muscular strenght raising, verified by the muscular hypertrophy, and can help on the treatment of several diseases that need this physical variable. Key words: Strenght training. Miocytes. Cell área. Cell perimeter. Training protocol.
O treino de exercício tornou-se a pedra basilar dos programas de reabilitação respiratória. Desde os anos 90, está comprovada a sua eficácia na melhoria da capacidade para o exercício e qualidade de ...vida. As normas actuais recomendam exercício contínuo de alta intensidade dos membros inferiores, como a modalidade de exercício mais eficaz (evidência A); no entanto, para alguns doentes é por vezes difícil iniciar este tipo de programa, dada a limitação por dispneia ou fadiga dos membros inferiores. Nos últimos anos, têm-se dado especial relevância à integração de outras modalidades de exercício (contínuo versus intervalado, aeróbico versus força, inclusão ou não de treino dos músculos respiratórios). Os autores revêem a actual literatura sobre treino de exercício na doença respiratória crónica, certos de que a dispneia e a inactividade condicionam um ciclo vicioso que pode ser revertido pelo treino de exercício, planeado individualmente e de forma exacta.Exercise training has become a cornerstone of Pulmonary Rehabilitation. Since the nineties, the effectiveness in clinically relevant improvements in exercise capacity and health-related quality of life has been proved. Current guidelines (Evidence A) recommend high intensity continuous exercise for lower extremities as the most effective exercise modality, however, for some patients it is often difficult to initiate such an exercise programme due to the limitation of dyspnoea or leg fatigue. In recent years, special relevance has been given to the integration of other modalities of exercise (continuous versus interval, aerobic versus strength, inclusion or not of respiratory muscle training). The authors carry out a review of the current literature concerning exercise training in chronic pulmonary disease and this highlights the role of tailored exercise to break the vicious cycle of dyspnoea and inactivity.
Treino de exercício na doença pulmonar crónica Pamplona, Paula; Morais, Luísa
Revista portuguesa de pneumologia,
January-February 2007, 2007-01-00, 20070101, Volume:
13, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Open access
O treino de exercício tornou-se a pedra basilar dos programas de reabilitação respiratória. Desde os anos 90, está comprovada a sua eficácia na melhoria da capacidade para o exercício e qualidade de ...vida. As normas actuais recomendam exercício contínuo de alta intensidade dos membros inferiores, como a modalidade de exercício mais eficaz (evidência A); no entanto, para alguns doentes é por vezes difícil iniciar este tipo de programa, dada a limitação por dispneia ou fadiga dos membros inferiores. Nos últimos anos, têm-se dado especial relevância à integração de outras modalidades de exercício (contínuo versus intervalado, aeróbico versus força, inclusão ou não de treino dos músculos respiratórios). Os autores revêem a actual literatura sobre treino de exercício na doença respiratória crónica, certos de que a dispneia e a inactividade condicionam um ciclo vicioso que pode ser revertido pelo treino de exercício, planeado individualmente e de forma exacta.
Rev Port Pneumol 2007; XIII (1): 101-128
Exercise training has become a cornerstone of Pulmonary Rehabilitation. Since the nineties, the effectiveness in clinically relevant improvements in exercise capacity and health-related quality of life has been proved. Current guidelines (Evidence A) recommend high intensity continuous exercise for lower extremities as the most effective exercise modality, however, for some patients it is often difficult to initiate such an exercise programme due to the limitation of dyspnoea or leg fatigue.
In recent years, special relevance has been given to the integration of other modalities of exercise (continuous versus interval, aerobic versus strength, inclusion or not of respiratory muscle training). The authors carry out a review of the current literature concerning exercise training in chronic pulmonary disease and this highlights the role of tailored exercise to break the vicious cycle of dyspnoea and inactivity.
Rev Port Pneumol 2007; XIII (1): 101-128
Chronic (congestive) heart failure (CHF) is a disabling disease where patients suffer from dyspnoea and exercise intolerance. Peripheral skeletal muscle disorders play a major role in the ...pathogenesis of these symptoms and also in the progression of the disease. Besides cardiovascular endurance training, strength training should be an important component of cardiac rehabilitation programs in CHF because of its ability to efficiently improve muscle function and muscle mass. Safety of this type of training, while long-time questioned, has been established. Training recommendations for strength training should be based on current research. The positive training effects induced by strength training improve the patients' functional capacity and exercise tolerance and thereby also their quality of life and its widespread use should be promoted.
Objectifs. –
Comparer deux techniques de renforcement musculaire, l’utilisation de machines à charge ou de bandes élastiques.
Institution. –
Unité de rééducation cardiovasculaire pour patients ...ambulatoires.
Type. –
Essai clinique prospectif randomisé.
Population. –
Inclusion de patients coronariens en phase II, après traitement médical ou chirurgical d’un infarctus du myocarde, sans insuffisance cardiaque ; la prise de bêtabloquants est acceptée.
Méthode. –
Évaluation du patient coronarien au début et à l’issue d’un programme de rééducation et de réadaptation cardiaque de quatre semaines. Celui-ci inclut le réentraînement progressif en aérobie selon la méthode de Karvonen chez tous les patients, associé à l’utilisation de machines à charge (banc de Koch) dans le groupe contrôle et de bandes élastiques dans le groupe expérimental. Paramètres cardiaques, consommation d’oxygène sont mesurés au repos et à l’effort maximal, associés à la force musculaire des quadriceps, ischiojambiers, biceps brachial, grand dorsal, et triceps brachii, à la composition corporelle, à la qualité de vie (SF-36), à l’anxiété (
stay T test) et à la perception de l’effort, et à la tolérance tendinomusculaire.
Résultats. –
Vingt-six patients coronariens, hommes de 45 à 65 ans, recevant des bêtabloquants, ont été inclus, 13 dans chaque groupe. Groupes expérimental et contrôle étaient initialement comparables. Au terme des quatre semaines du programme, tous avaient accru leur performance à l’effort et leur force musculaire, mais il n’y avait pas de différence entre les deux groupes. La perception de l’effort lors de l’exercice était moindre dans le groupe utilisant les bandes élastiques et il n’y avait pas de lésions musculotendineuses dans ce groupe.
Conclusion. –
Le renforcement musculaire par bandes élastiques est une technique peu coûteuse, attractive et ludique, pratiquée en groupe, qui apparaît aussi efficace que la technique de renforcement par machines à presse dans un programme de rééducation et de réadaptation cardiaque.
Objectives. –
To compare high intensity strength training with weightlifting exercises or with elastic bands.
Setting. –
Outpatient unit of cardiac rehabilitation.
Type. –
Prospective randomised clinical trial.
Population. –
Inclusion of coronary patients in phase II after medical or surgical treatment of a myocardiac infarction, without cardiac insufficiency; beta-blockers were accepted.
Method. –
Evaluation of coronary patients at beginning and at the end of a 4 week cardiac rehabilitation program. It included progressive aerobic training according to Karvonen method for all the patients, associated with weightlifting exercises (Koch press) in the control group, or use of elastic bands in the experimental group. Cardiac rate, oxygen consumption at rest and at maximum power were the main criteria with also muscle strength of quadriceps, harmstrings, biceps brachii, latissimus dorsi and triceps brachii, body mass indexes, quality of life with SF-36, anxiety (stay T test) and perceived exertion with the Borg 10-point category-ratio scale, myotendinous injuries (Shaw scale).
Results. –
Twenty-six coronary patients, all male from 45 to 65 years old, all receiving beta-blockers, were included, 13 in each group. Control and experimental groups were initially similar. At the end of the 4 week program, all the two groups improved significantly their strength and power and there were no differences between the two groups. Perceived exertion was lower in the group using elastic bands and there were no myotendinous lesions.
Conclusion. –
Strength training with elastic bands is a low-cost, attractive, playful technique, proposed to a group of coronary patients, which appears as effective in cardiac rehabilitation as individual weightlifting training.
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