本稿では，介護者のwell-beingとは何か，またwell-beingの獲得を確認する方法とはどのようなものか，理論と実践，二側面の先行研究を用いて考察した．well-beingとは何かについての回答は，立場によって大きく異なる．哲学的側面では，“amounts to the notion of how well a person's life is going for that ...person”という概念に相当するとされている．しかし，正確さに欠ける懸念もあり，well-beingを定義する際には，定義のStrategy（分析対象・議論領域・定義の方向性），subjective well-beingかpsychological well-beingかのスタンスを検討する必要性がある．そして，心理学領域から，“feeling good and functioning well”“個人の人生における快い主観的な経験，意味・意義のある活動，人間としての可能性を実現する社会的な関係から成る複合的な概念”という定義がなされている．これらの定義の根底にあるのはthe whole human pictureを捉える重要性である．さらに発展させた形態としてWell-beingの構成要素がPERMA（Positive Emotion，Engagement，Relationships，Meaning，Accomplishment）という仮説的定義があり，この構成要素がwell-beingの予測因子になりうるか研究が進められている．一方，介護領域の介入試験のアウトカムで用いた既存尺度の探索Review研究では，1．Global Measure of well-being（Depressive Symptoms・Mental health・QOL・Satisfaction with life・Health），2．Caregiver-Specific Well-being measures（Burden・Role strain・Personal strain/Stress・Competence/self-efficacy）に大別された．そしてDepression，Burdenなどwell-beingのnegativeな側面に焦点化した測定が大半を占めた．この結果は，従来の疾病管理的側面の体験により，Patho-genesis的な志向（健康にとって望ましくない要素・問題を除去し改善することが善）への親和性を示している．認知症介護を巨視的，包括的に捉え，介護者のWell-beingを定量的に評価する簡便な測定ツールが無いとするならば，当面は，複数のツールで評価せざるをえない．測定する内容（種別・項目）を増やすことは，測定対象者（介護者）のQOLを著しく下げることになりかねない．認知症介護を巨視的，包括的に捉え，介護者のwell-being状態を簡便に把握するにはどのようにすればいいのか，その解として，介護者向け心理教育的介入試験で実施したSocial Work手法のEco-mapにヒントがあることを示した．
This paper discusses what well-being means to caregivers and how it can be measured to confirm its acquisition by using previous research on theoretical and practical aspects.Within the field of ...psychology, the two types of well-being (subjective and psychological well-being) are combined to form "feeling good and functioning well", which refers to "pleasant subjective experiences, meaningful activities and the realization of human potential in an individual's life".On the other hands, a review study reported on the Global Measure of well-being, that is, depressive symptoms, mental health, QOL, satisfaction with life and health, also on caregiver-specific well-being measures that are burden, role strain, personal strain, stress, competence and self-efficacy. The majority of measures focused on the negative aspects of well-being.If there is no simple measurement tool that captures both the positive and negative aspects of well-being, a comprehensive and quantitative evaluation of dementia care, so for the present there is no alternative but to using multiple tools for evaluation.The Eco-map of the Ecological Social Work method, which was used in a psycho-educational intervention for caregivers, was shown to provide a hint as to how to take a macroscopic and comprehensive view of dementia care and how to easily grasp an understanding of the well-being of caregivers.
A past study found forest-related subjective well-being (forest SWB) of forest owners were lower than non-owners. It is important to improve owners' forest SWB because improvement could constitute a ...policy goal and enhance the motivation for management of owned forests. We investigated to identify the possible factors, especially the ones that are related to forest policies, to improve owners' forest SWB through simple moderation effect analyses with the whole sample and multiple regression analyses with forest owners alone from a questionnaire survey with 1,457 responses. We identified possible factors for improving owners' forest SWB such as wood-working activity, relaxing experiences in forests. Forest owners' specific conditions such as engagement as an officer of the property ward, a higher plantation forest ratio, and a higher degree of recognizing the border of owned forests also related to higher SWB. Revenue or harvest in the past one year might improve owners' forest SWB while past revenue or harvest before one-year decreases owners' SWB.
Objective To investigate the intervention efficacy of best possible self (BPS) on the mental health of new recruits (including state optimism and pessimism, perceived stress and subjective ...well-being). Methods A non-randomized controlled trial was conducted on 212 new recruits subjected with cluster sampling from an army unit in a training base for new recruits in September 2023.Based on their organizational structure, they were divided into a study group (n=100, receiving BPS intervention 15 min/d, for 2 consecutive weeks) and a control groupn=112, typical day (TD) intervention, 15 min/d, same period.Future Expectancy Scale (FEX), Chinese Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS), Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were used to measure the 2 groups of participants at T0(baseline), T1(end of the first week of intervention), T2(end of the second week of intervention) and T3(1 week after the end of intervention) in order to evaluate the intervention efficacy on above mentio
Abstract Knowledge of the factors that influence life satisfaction and well-being in adolescence is scarce. Sex and age were included as control variables. Mediation analyses indicated that all three ...psychological needs increase the effect of LS on adolescent PW. The results of this study suggest that feeling competent, more autonomous, and more connected to others are important need that may help explain the effect of LS on PW in the adolescent population. El apoyo social de los pares, definido como la percepción de una disposición instrumental o expresiva, real o percibida, de una red social en una relación íntima o comunitaria (Lin et ak, 2013), es otro factor que se ha asociado positivamente a la SV (Brannan et ak, 2013) y al BP (Ciarrochi et ak, 2017) en adolescentes.
O objetivo do presente estudo foi testar o poder explicativo do bem-estar subjetivo, da personalidade e de variáveis sociodemográficas sobre a preferência por compras materiais. Um questionário ...online foi aplicado em 1.238 brasileiros adultos, com média de idade de 34,6 anos (DP = 13,3), sendo 69,1% mulheres. A amostra contou com respondentes de todas as regiões do Brasil, sendo a maioria do Sudeste. Foram aplicadas as escalas de Satisfação de Vida, de Afetos Positivo e Negativo -PANAS-, Short Affect Intensity -SAIS-Brasil- e de Reduzida de Descritores de Personalidade -RED5-. As análises de regressão logística indicaram que quanto mais aumentam a renda familiar percebida e a extroversão, menor é a probabilidade de indivíduos escolherem produtos materiais. Em contrapartida, à medida que a idade e a dimensão Serenidade da SAIS-Brasil são maiores, aumentam as chances de os indivíduos escolherem produtos materiais em uma compra espontânea. Discute-se as definições de compra experiencial e material conforme a literatura tem apresentado. Para a literatura de bem-estar subjetivo, os resultados adicionam insights a respeito do papel do bem-estar subjetivo sobre escolhas rotineiras dos indivíduos. O estudo traz o crucial ponto de que frequência de afetos aparentemente não prediz a variável desfecho, retirando das emoções uma carga de responsabilidade sobre algumas compras, e abrindo caminho para outros trabalhos que corroborem ou refutem os achados. Esta pesquisa amplia a compreensão das diferenças individuais nos comportamentos de compra, e do papel do bem-estar subjetivo no consumo.
The present study aimed to test the explanatory power of subjective well-being, personality, and sociodemographic variables on material shopping preferences. An online questionnaire was applied to 1,238 Brazilian adults, with a mean age of 34.6 years (SD = 13.3), 69.1% of whom were women. The sample included respondents from all regions of Brazil, with the majority from the Southeast. The Life Satisfaction, of Positive and Negative Affect -PANAS-, Short Affect Intensity -SAIS-Brasil- and Reduced Personality Descriptors -RED5- scales were applied. Logistic regression analyses indicated that the higher the perceived family income and extroversion, the less likely individuals are to choose material products. On the other hand, as age and the Serenity dimension of affective intensity are higher, the chances of individuals choosing material products in a spontaneous purchase increase. The definitions of experiential and material purchase presented in the literature are discussed. For the subjective well-being literature, the findings add insights regarding the role of happiness in individuals' routine choices. The study also brings up the crucial point that frequency of affect apparently does not predict the outcome variable, removing from emotions a burden of responsibility on some purchases, and opening the way for further work to corroborate or refute the findings. This research extends the understanding of individual differences in purchase behaviors and the role of subjective well-being on consumption.
El objetivo del presente estudio fue comprobar el poder explicativo del bienestar subjetivo, la personalidad y las variables sociodemográficas sobre la preferencia por las compras materiales. Se aplicó un cuestionario en línea a 1.238 adultos brasileños, con una media de edad de 34,6 años (DE = 13,3), de los cuales el 69,1% eran mujeres. La muestra incluyó a encuestados de todas las regiones de Brasil, la mayoría del sudeste. Se aplicaron las escalas de Satisfacción con la Vida, de Afecto Positivo y Negativo -PANAS-, Short Affect Intensity -SAIS-Brasil- y de Descriptores de Personalidad Reducida -RED5-. Los análisis de regresión logística indicaron que cuanto más altos son la renta familiar percibida y la extroversión, menos probable es que los individuos elijan productos materiales. Por otro lado, a medida que la edad y la dimensión de Serenidad de la EIS-R-Brasil son más altas, aumentan las probabilidades de que los individuos elijan productos materiales en una compra espontánea. Se discute las definiciones de compra experiencial y material presentadas en la literatura. A la literatura sobre el bienestar subjetivo, los resultados añaden conocimientos sobre el papel de la felicidad en las elecciones rutinarias de los individuos. El estudio también aporta el punto crucial de que la frecuencia del afecto aparentemente no predice la variable resultada, retirando a las emociones una carga de responsabilidad por algunas compras, y abriendo el camino para que otros trabajos corroboren o refuten los hallazgos. Esta investigación amplía la comprensión de las diferencias individuales en los comportamientos de compra y el papel del bienestar subjetivo en el consumo.
Esta investigación se propuso analizar la asociación de las creencias irracionales (CI) Demandas, Intolerancia a la frustración y Aprobación, con la satisfacción con la vida (SV) y su efecto ...moderador en las relaciones entre variables sociodemográficas y la SV. Para tal efecto se utilizó un diseño transversal analítico no experimental. Participaron 483 adultos mexicanos (Medad = 37.2, DE = 15.06), quienes completaron, en línea, la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida y la Escala de Actitudes y Creencias. Se encontró que las CI se asociaron con la SV (βDemandas = .14, p < .001; βIntolerancia a la frustración = -.38, p < .001); y la asociación entre el nivel socioeconómico y esta satisfacción fue moderada por las CI Demandas (F4,478 = 27.49, p < .001) e Intolerancia a la frustración (F3,479 = 31.81, p < .001). Los resultados indican que las CI influyen en el proceso cognitivo de la SV, afectando, tanto positiva como negativamente, la asociación entre variables sociodemográficas y la SV. Específicamente, la CI Demandas afectaron negativamente a la SV solo mediante la CI Intolerancia a la frustración, lo que sugiere que la CI Demandas aportan un elemento de perseverancia y gratificación al proceso de lograr las metas, y este elemento solo es perjudicial si la persona también presenta altos puntajes de CI secundarias como la Intolerancia a la frustración. Este efecto positivo implica una contradicción a la teoría de la Terapia Racional Emotivo Conductual (TREC), que plantea que todas las CI se asocian negativamente con el bienestar.
This research aimed to analyze the association between irrational beliefs (IB) of Demandingness, Frustration intolerance, and Approval, with life satisfaction (LS) and their moderating effect on the associations between sociodemographic variables and LS. A non-experimental cross-sectional analytical design was used. Participants were 483 Mexican adults (Mage = 37.2, SD = 15.06) who completed the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Attitudes and Beliefs Scale online. It was found that IB were associated with LS (βDemands = .14, p < .001; βFrustration intolerance = -.38, p < .001); and the association between socioeconomic status and LS was moderated by Demandingness (F4,478 = 27.49, p < .001) and Frustration intolerance IB (F3,479 = 31.81, p < .001). The results indicate that IB influence the cognitive process of LS, affecting both positively and negatively the association between sociodemographic variables and LS. Specifically, the IB of Demandingness negatively affected LS only through the IB of Frustration intolerance, suggesting that the IB of Demandingness provides an element of perseverance and gratification in the process of achieving goals, which is only detrimental if the person also scores high on secondary IB such as Frustration intolerance. This positive effect implies a contradiction to the Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT) theory, which states that all IB are negatively associated with well-being.
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