This paper represents the first syntaxonomic study on the
Pinus nigra
subsp.
nigra
artificial stands in the Apennines. It refers exclusively to the mature
Pinus nigra
forest plantations in the ...central Apennines that were planted before the 1950s, and then not managed. The mature
Pinus nigra
forest plantations in the central Apennines are distributed within four National Parks, on limestone substrata, mainly with southern aspects and rugged slopes, and at elevations ranging from 655 m to 1670 m a.s.l.. Two new phytosociological associations are described here and classified in the alliance
Junipero communis–Pinion nigra
e:
Orthilio secundae–Pinetum nigra
e and
Digitalidi micranthae–Pinetum nigra
e. The association
Orthilio secundae–Pinetum nigra
e comprises the relative mesophilous mature pine forests of the supratemperate thermotype in the plant landscape context of the alliance
Aremonio agrimonioidis–Fagion sylvaticae
potential vegetation belt. The
Digitalidi micranthae–Pinetum nigra
e comprises the thermophilous pine forests occurring on rocky stands within mesotemperate and lower supratemperate thermotypes in the potential belt of alliance
Carpinion orientalis
woods. The comparison of these two new associations and the phytosociological literature concerning the natural communities of
Pinus nigra
in the Apennines highlights their floristic and coenological autonomy.
Jelen tanulmány 25 cönológiai felvétellel mutatja be a Dráva hullámterében levő feketenyár-ligetek társulási viszonyait. Szukcessziós és társulástani elemzésre volt szükség a cönoszisztematikai ...besorolás alátámasztásához. Az állományok a feketenyár dominanciája, a társulás szukcessziós sorban elfoglalt helyzete és a fajcsoportok részletes elemzése alapján a Szigetközből Carduo crispi-Populetum nigrae néven leírt asszociációval azonosíthatók. A csigolyafüzesekből (Rumici crispi-Salicetum purpureae) jönnek létre, s mintegy másfél méterrel alacsonyabb szinten találhatók, mint a belőlük fejlődő fehérnyár-ligetek (Senecioni sarracenici-Populetum albae). A sokváltozós eredmények jól mutatják a regionális fajkészletek erőteljes hatását és az egyes társulástípusok pusztán fajösszetétel alapú hasonlósági viszonyait.
Questions: What are the main floristic patterns in European beech forests? Which classification at the alliance and suballiance level is the most convincing? Location: Europe and Asia Minor. Methods: ...We applied a TWINSPAN classification to a data set of 24 605 relevés covering the whole range of Fagus sylvatica forests and the western part of Fagus orientalis forests. We identified 24 'Operational phytosociological units' (OPUs), which were used for further analysis. The position of each OPU along the soil pH and temperature gradient was evaluated using Ellenberg Indicator Values. Fidelity of species to OPUs was calculated using the phi coefficient and constancy ratio. We compared alternative alliance concepts, corresponding to groups of OPUs, in terms of number and frequency of diagnostic species. We also established formal definitions for the various alliance concepts based on comparison of the total cover of the diagnostic species groups, and evaluated alternative geographical subdivisions of beech forests. Results: The first and second division levels of TWINSPAN followed the temperature and soil pH gradients, while lower divisions were mainly geographical. We grouped the 22 OPUs of Fagus sylvatica forests into acidophytic, meso-basiphytic and thermo-basiphytic beech forests, and separated two OPUs of F. orientalis forests. However, a solution with only two ecologically defined alliances of F. sylvatica forests (acidophytic vs basiphytic) was clearly superior with regard to number and frequency of diagnostic species. In contrast, when comparing groupings with three to six geographical alliances of basiphytic beech forests, respectively, we did not find a strongly superior solution. Conclusions: We propose to classify F. sylvatica forests into 15 suballiances – three acidophytic and 12 basiphytic ones. Separating these two groups at alliance or order level was clearly supported by our results. Concerning the grouping of the 12 basiphytic suballiances into ecological or geographical alliances, as advocated by many authors, we failed to find an optimal solution. Therefore, we propose a multi-dimensional classification of basiphytic beech forests, including both ecological and geographical groups as equally valid concepts which may be used alternatively depending on the purpose and context of the classification.
The EuroVegChecklist (EVC) is currently considered to be the basis for the phytosociological classification of the European vegetation, and it is therefore important that it is continually updated, ...improved and refined. This article revises the nomenclature of three Mediterranean grassland-related classes and some of their contents down to the rank of association, namely Helianthemetea guttati, Poetea bulbosae and Stipo giganteae-Agrostietea castellanae, on the basis of the fourth edition of the International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature (ICPN). The results show that the correct author citations for the first two classes are as follows: Tuberarietea guttatae Braun-Blanquet
1973
, and Poetea bulbosae Rivas Goday et Rivas-Martínez ex Navarro Andrés et Valle Gutiérrez 1984. Instead, the name Stipo giganteae-Agrostietea castellanae is invalid and it is replaced by the new class name Agrostietea castellanae. In addition, we designate the neotype of the association Corynephoro articulati-Helianthemetum guttati (Corynephoro divaricati-Tuberarietum guttatae nom. corr. nov. et mut. nov.), the lectotype of the Poo bulbosae-Trifolietum subterranei, and mutate the names Helianthemetalia guttati and Helianthemion guttati to Tuberarietalia guttatae and Tuberarion guttatae, respectively, as well as two names of associations with a name-giving taxon belonging to the genus Tuberaria.
The paper presents the first syntaxonomic classification for juniper wood communities in Tajikistan with some remarks on their environmental gradients. A total of 119 relevés were sampled between ...2015 and 2021 using the seven-degree Braun-Blanquet cover-abundance scale. They were classified by a modified TWINSPAN method. Diagnostic species were identified using phi coefficient as a fidelity measure. Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) was used to determine relationships between samples, vegetation units and major gradients in species composition. Plant communities have been divided into two main groups. The first one is a west Irano-Turanian wood of Juniperus polycarpos var. seravschanica of the Pamir-Alai mountane belt. It occurs in two variants depending mainly on the aspect and precipitation. The second juniper wood type in Tajikistan is a stand of Juniperus pseudosabina. It prefers the northern slopes and north-eastern ranges of the Pamir-Alai and slightly lower elevations. Both juniper wood types are highly distinct in terms of species composition, especially in the moss layer, and have therefore been assigned to different classes: Pino-Juniperetea (Juniperetum seravschanicae) and Juniperetea pseudosabinae (Carici turkestanicae-Juniperetum pseudosabinae). The main factors determining the species composition of the studied associations are latitude, growing season precipitation, annual range of air temperature and precipitation of coldest quarter. Our study has shown that there are two very distinct vegetation types of the juniper wood groves in Tajikistan, which reflect the main phytogeographical division between the provinces of Turkestan and Central Asia.
This article aims at revising the nomenclature of the Italian syntaxa belonging to the Festuco hystricis-Ononidetea striatae and Rumici-Astragaletea siculi classes according to the EuroVegChecklist ...at the ranks of class, order and alliance. The correct syntaxon names, authors' citations, nomenclatural types and causes of invalidity and illegitimacy are identified and reported. Two classes (Cerastio-Carlinetea nebrodensis, Festuco hystricis-Ononidetea striatae), two orders (Erysimo-Jurineetalia bocconei, Euphorbietalia myrsinitae) and three alliances (Cerastio-Astragalion nebrodensis, Armerio denticulatae-Stipion etruscae, Sideritidion italicae), treated as valid syntaxa in the EuroVegChecklist, turned out to be invalidly published. The new class Helianthemo cani-Seslerietea nitidae is here described to replace the Festuco hystricis-Ononidetea striatae. The Erysimo bonanniani-Jurineetalia bocconei is validated to contain the new alliance Odontarrheno nebrodensis-Koelerion splendentis and the validated Cerastio tomentosi-Astragalion nebrodensis. Since the Koelerio brutiae-Astragalion calabrici turned out to be a superfluous name, the Plantaginenion serpentinae is here raised to the rank of alliance to include the silicicolous pulvinate scrub of the Sila Mountains. The order Festuco-Seslerietalia nitidae, previously deemed invalid, is proven to be validly published, and it is the earliest available name for the supra- and oromediterranean xeric calcicolous grasslands of the Italian Peninsula. Three mutations of names are provided, and the Astragaletum calabrici is lectotypified.
The recent Landscape Plan of Tuscany Region pays particular attention towards the floodplain woods, for their conservation concern, landscape, and historical importance. The floodplain forest ...vegetation is defined as the natural and semi-natural wood vegetation located close to the rivers and submerged only during exceptional flooding. We gathered 180 both published and unpublished relevés coming from Tuscany and carried out in floodplain woods, where
Alnus glutinosa
,
Fraxinus angustifolia
subsp.
oxycarpa
,
Quercus robur
,
Ulmus minor
,
Carpinus betulus
,
Populus nigra
,
P. alba
and
Salix alba
were dominant, alone or in consociation with each other. On this dataset we performed a multivariate analysis, and the resulting groups were characterized by several points of view: floristic, ecological, chorological, by mean of diagnostic species, with the use of EIV. Moreover, their distribution in Tuscany was better defined. According to our results, six associations were found to be present in Tuscany. Thereby, one new association and three new subassociations were proposed. The syntaxonomic arrangement above the association level was discussed, with particular attention to the Italian
Fraxinus angustifolia
subsp.
oxycarpa
-rich communities. Finally, a comparison with the Annex I habitat types (sensu Directive 92/43/EEC) was carried out.
Between 2015 and 2020 a study was conducted on the diversity of ruderal vegetation of the
class on the territory of Ukraine. It was discovered that this class consists of 48 associations from 12 ...alliances and 5 orders (
,
,
,
,
). Based on the results of ordination analysis it was found that the distribution of annual ruderal communities is determined by the variation of moisture, soil aeration as well as carbonate and nitrogen content.
Knowledge of the overall syntaxonomic and habitat variability of forest communities with Arolla pine (Pinus cembra) within the Tatra Mountains (Western Carpathians) is still insufficient as field ...research was hindered by their hardly accessible localities and deforestation for high mountain grazing. Arolla pine woodlands were traditionally classified within the association Pino cembrae-Piceetum Myczkowski et Lesinski 1974, but recent surveys recognize more numerous units. Hitherto unpublished releves from the north-eastern part of the Tatra Mountains document the occurrence of several floristically and ecologically distinct Arolla pine communities: (1) acid woodland of Homogyno alpinae-Pinetum cembrae on nutrient-poor habitats over quartzitic bedrock, and (2) calcareous woodlands of species-poor Pyrolo rotundifoliae-Pinetum cembrae of sites with a well-developed, tangled humus soil horizon, Cystopterido montanae-Pinetum cembrae on habitats influenced by both limestones and quartzites, Primulo elatioris-Pinetum cembrae bound to sites with the most favourable humidity, and Seslerio tatrae-Pinetum cembrae with the most pronounced calcareous character.
The article is devoted to the phytosociological study and vegetation classification of the dry-mesic oak forests in the central and eastern regions of Ukraine. We showed that oak forests of the ...Quercetea pubescentis class have specific northern features in the region and their syntaxonomic position at the level of alliances was not assigned. Syntaxa formed three distinct geographical groups eastward from the Dnieper lowland to the Middle Russian Upland. Ordination, phytoindication, and comparative floristic analysis with other syntaxa from adjacent regions were performed. New associations (Digitali grandiflorae-Quercetum roboris ass. nova and Carici praecocis-Quercetum roboris ass. nova) were reported. Two edaphic subtypes of dry-mesic oak forests (terrace and ravine oak forests) were distinguished and their floristic features were discussed.
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