Lowitja O'Donoghue Green, Andrew
The Lancet (British edition),
03/2024, Volume:
403, Issue:
10430
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
A Yankunytjatjara woman, O'Donoghue “trained at the most difficult point in Australia's history and she went on to change the course of our nation in a way that impacted health and its social and ...cultural determinants”, said Ian Anderson, Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Academic) at the University of Tasmania in Hobart, Tasmania. When O'Donoghue's attempt to join a training programme at Royal Adelaide Hospital (RAH) in Adelaide, SA, was rejected, she fought the decision all the way to the state premier. In 1996 O'Donoghue was named the Inaugural Chair of the Cooperative Research Centre for Aboriginal and Tropical Health, where she pushed to give Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples influence over the health research done in their communities.
Reliable detection of anomalies without any prior information is a critical yet challenging task in many applications, not least military and civilian fields. An intelligent anomaly detection system ...would use the material-specific spectral information in hyperspectral images (HSIs), thereby avoiding the loss of visually confusing objects. However, conventional hyperspectral anomaly detection methods are mainly achieved in an unsupervised way leading to limited performance due to lack of prior knowledge. In this article, we propose a novel autoencoder and adversarial-learning based semisupervised background estimation model (SBEM) that is trained only on the background spectral samples in order to accurately learn the background distribution. In particular, an unsupervised background searching method is firstly conducted on the original HSIs to search the background spectral samples. Our proposed SBEM consists of an encoder, a decoder, and a discriminator to thoroughly capture background distribution. Furthermore, jointly minimizing the reconstruction loss, spectral loss, and adversarial loss during training aids the model to learn the background distribution as required. Experiments on four real HSIs demonstrate that compared to the current state-of-the-art, the proposed framework yields higher detection capability and lower false alarm rate, which shows that it has a significant benefit in the tradeoff between detection accuracy and false alarm rate.
소화기내과 전임의 교육 체계에 대한 해외 사례 이정훈; Jeong Hoon Lee
The Korean journal of gastroenterology,
01/2019, Volume:
73, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
There is a growing interest in gastroenterology and hepatology fellowship training in Korea and other countries. The Korean Society of Gastroenterology held an international symposium for ...gastroenterology and hepatology fellowship training, titled, “GI Fellow Training in Asia-Pacific Countries” on April 14, 2018. The Japanese education system was different for each hospital. The American societies for gastroenterology set up their education system together and have continued with frequent modification. The Taiwan and Singapore education systems are well organized and localized. We need a well-organized and sustainable education system for gastroenterology and hepatology fellowship training suitable for Korea. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2019;73:3-6)
The maritime sector is pivotal for the economic growth of coastal cities like Cádiz, Spain. In our globalised world, ports face high competitiveness, emphasising the growing need for ...English-proficient staff. This research focuses on the Port Authority of Cádiz Bay’s language-training programme, aiming to enhance employees’ English proficiency for job excellence. Through a qualitative study, the paper not only analyses the current programme but also proposes an alternative linguistic training approach. The ultimate objective is to equip port workers with language skills that contribute to providing excellent services to users, addressing the evolving demands of the maritime industry.
Abstract
Over 100 years ago, the Smith Lever Act created the Cooperative Extension Service in conjunction with the land grant institutions. Extension has seen much change with a never-ending list of ...challenges presenting themselves. Graduate training programs are typically discipline focused, answering questions using the scientific method. Most new hires have limited exposure to Extension educational program development and likely have not received training in curriculum planning, program assessment or logic model development. The learning curve can be even steeper when one accepts a position with multiple disciplinary responsibilities or outside their industry sector focus (i.e., cow/calf verses feedlot nutrition). Success is often determined by developing relationships with experienced faculty both at their institution and others in the region. Guidance can be sought from these experienced individuals, knowledge can be gained from their successes and failures, and one can learn the Extension arm of the land grant system quickly from these relationships. Relationships should not be limited to the home department of the individual but should reach across disciplines to engage others to work with and learn from to aid in developing a system-wide view of agricultural production. Regional research and extension groups are key contributors to building multi-state programming of new Extension specialists. Access to funds is critical for the implementation of Extension programming and these networks increase funding opportunities. My success in Extension is a shared success with all those that were kind enough to take the time to teach me a little of their area of expertise. Having the willingness to be part of a team in developing Extension programming for beef cattle has resulted in a rewarding career. New hires in the Extension specialist role will find building a team to work with to develop effective beef programs will ease their transition from graduate student to Extension specialist.
Abstract
Fear and anxiety in dogs can be elevated during transportation or visits to the veterinarian, groomer, and boarding or training kennels. The stress-related behaviors exhibited during these ...times can be a welfare concern to both pet, handler, and owner. In the case of training or grooming, the productivity of the session may be reduced due to unwanted stress related behaviors. Pet owners want to reduce stress during these events and are seeking natural botanical alternatives to medications. The botanical extracts in Cani-Calm (Probiotech International, Inc.) successfully decreased stress-related behaviors when fed to beagles for 11 days before a novel 1-hr car ride stress test. There has not been any investigation into the impact of these botanicals during a prolonged stress event similar to a boarding or training kennel. The objective was to evaluate Cani-Calm when offered during a 3-week training program at a boarding kennel. Fifty-one dogs of various ages, breed, and history were randomly assigned to either Control (no Cani-Calm; n = 26) or Cani-Calm (CC: 0.6 mL· kg BWT-1· day-1; n = 25). Cani-Calm was top-dressed on the morning meal daily. Trainers, blinded to treatment, assessed dog behavior and provided training timelines for each dog. Statistical analysis was performed using a Genmod analysis and Poisson distribution in SAS v9.3. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05 and statistical trends were considered at 0.05 < P < 0.10. Length of the acclimation period before the onset of training due to stress-related behaviors was reduced (P = 0.001) in treated dogs compared with the control (Control: 1.57± 0.16 d; CC: 0.08 ± 0.71 d). There was no impact of treatment (P = 0.15) on percentage of dogs per group that required additional days of training beyond the planned program. However, there was an impact of treatment (P = 0.04; Control: 75%; CC: 96.3%) on the percentage of dogs that completed training earlier than the scheduled 3-week program. The results indicate a benefit of Cani-Calm during stressful events to decrease the display of behaviors that reduce training productivity and are a welfare concern for both animal and handler. Unlike the previous trial, during the current trial, there was no exposure to the botanicals before the stressful event; however, alterations in stress-related behaviors were demonstrated in both trials. Further research is warranted to evaluate time of exposure to the botanicals before the stress-event, and in larger populations.
The deterioration of emissions control systems in a spark ignition engine is predominantly a gradual process of wear and tear occurring as vehicles accumulate mileage. As new innovations in engine ...and emissions technology have been progressively introduced to meet lower emissions targets, the impact of gradual deterioration of hardware has become more challenging to identify and quantify in the repair industry. When a pioneering emissions control programme utilising remote sensing to detect high emitting gasoline and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) vehicles was to be introduced in Hong Kong, it became apparent the repair industry needed specialised training to assist with identifying the types of failures which would lead to high vehicle emissions. To identify the impact of hardware deterioration and failures, a Toyota Crown Comfort LPG taxi was used to demonstrate simulated failures of engine hardware systems to measure their impact on emissions, fuel consumption and drivability using a chassis dynamometer. This novel study simulated a broad range of deterioration and failures covering the intake, fuel supply, ignition, and exhaust systems. The results of the study showed significant THC and CO increases of up to 317% (0.604 g/km) and 782% (5.351 g/km) respectively for a simulated oxygen sensor high voltage fault and a sticky mixture control valve. The largest increase in NOx emissions was for restricted main fuel supply in the LPG vapouriser, producing an increase of 282% (1.41 g/km). Fuel consumption varied with increases of up to 15.5%. Drivability was impacted with poor idle from a number of faults and especially by a worn throttlebody which produced rough acceleration characteristics as well. This study clearly highlights the importance of having properly maintained emissions and engine hardware systems to achieve optimal fuel economy and compliant emissions levels, which could be reproduced in other regions for prescribed emissions regulation.
Chassis dynamometer tests showed that faults on TWC and O2 sensor increased THC and NOx emissions significantly. Display omitted
•Unique simulation programme demonstrates 15 common engine faults and impact•Identification of fault types generating the highest vehicle emissions•Faults creating high emissions may not impact vehicle driveability and vice versa•Data used for industry training programme to improve emissions repair knowledge
Reading fluency defined as speed, accuracy, and prosody, is a critical component of reading development. The purpose of this research was to compare the efficacy of automaticity versus prosody ...programmes on reading comprehension. The study included 122 Spanish primary-school children (74 second and 48 fourth graders), randomly assigned to one of three groups: (a) automaticity training, which consisted of repeated reading with a focus on speed and accuracy plus phonological and orthographic awareness activities; (b) prosody training, which consisted of repeated reading with a focus on expressiveness plus prosody sensitivity activities; and a (c) ‘no treatment’ control group. Multiple measures were used to determine pre-post training performance in reading fluency—automaticity and prosody—and comprehension. Prosody training proved superior to automaticity training in promoting automaticity and prosody. Prosody and automaticity training in fourth graders resulted in superior sentence comprehension compared to controls. The importance of prosody for reading development in primary school is discussed.
•We present an intervention on reading fluency with subject random assignment.•Three intervention groups are considered: automaticity, prosody and control groups.•We focus on two reading levels in Spanish language: 2 and 4 grades.•Results suggest that prosody training should be integrated into literacy curricula.
