Recently, the module integrated converter and differential power processing (DPP) architecture were introduced to enable the photovoltaic (PV) power conditioning system to maintain the optimal ...operating condition of PV cells, such as maximum power point tracking (MPPT), even under partial shading conditions. However, the DPP architecture was found to have more room to optimize the performance of the systems, by the application of an extra extremum-seeking control, the so-called least power point tracking (LPPT) method that was introduced last year. The main idea is that most of the power from the PV modules is processed through the main-string high-efficiency nonisolation converter, and only a minimal fraction of the power that changes depending on the PV-string current is transferred through the low-efficiency bidirectional isolated DPP converters. This paper suggests a second version of the LPPT method, called unit-minimum power-distributing LPPT, which improves the first version of LPPT, called total-minimum centralized power-distributing LPPT. Instead of minimizing the total power of DPPs, the proposed LPPT minimizes the power of the DPP converter unit, which is the largest among them. Then, the system size and cost can be reduced by the proposed LPPT method, which enables the multiple DPP converters to have smaller power capacity and losses than those of the previous LPPT method. The real-time extremum-seeking algorithm employs a perturb-and-observe method, which comes from the conventional MPPT one, while the optimization process directs minimal extremity, not maximal. The peak system efficiency achieved with a 400-W prototype DPP system employing the LPPT algorithm is 96.7%.
We report on optical integral-field spectroscopy of two unrelated blue compact galaxies mapped with the 13 × 13 arcsec2 Visible Multi-Object Spectrograph integral field unit at a resolution of 0.33 × ...0.33 arcsec2. Continuum and background subtracted emission line maps in the light of O iiiλ5007, Hα and N iiλ6584 are presented. Both galaxies display signs of ongoing perturbation and/or interaction. UM 420 is resolved for the first time to be a merging system composed of two starbursting components with an ‘arm-like’ structure associated with the largest component. UM 462 which is a disrupted system of irregular morphology is resolved into at least four starbursting regions. Maps of the Hα radial velocity and full width at half-maximum are discussed. No underlying broad-line region was detected from either galaxy as the emission lines are well fitted with single Gaussian profiles only. Electron temperatures and densities as well as the abundances of helium, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur were computed from spectra integrated over the whole galaxies and for each area of recent star formation. Maps of the O/H ratio are presented: these galaxies show oxygen abundances that are ∼20 per cent solar. No evidence of substantial abundance variations across the galaxies that would point to significant nitrogen or oxygen self-enrichment is found (≲0.2 dex limit). Contrary to previous observations, this analysis does not support the classification of these blue compact dwarf galaxies as Wolf–Rayet galaxies as the characteristic broad-emission-line features have not been detected in our spectra. Baldwin–Phillips–Terlevich emission-line-ratio diagrams which were constructed on a pixel-by-pixel basis indicate that the optical spectra of these systems are predominantly excited by stellar photoionization.
The obelisk monument is decorated with a cross in bas-relief, in the upper part. The cap is painted in the colors of the tricolor. Dimensions: posture: 98/93/78; monument: 194/50/40 cm.
Inscriptions ...on the monument: “MEASURES/IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MORNAL WORKS FOR THE REGION OF THE NEAME/1916-1919,” list of the names of the heroes and the initiating committee
Monumentul de tip obelisc e decorat cu o cruce în basorelief, în partea superioară. Soclul e vopsit în culorile tricolorului. Dimensiuni: postament: 98/93/78; monument: 194/50/40 cm.
Inscripții pe monument: „MĂRĂȘEȘTI/ ÎN AMINTIREA VITEJILOR MORȚI PENTRU ÎNTREGIREA NEAMULUI/ 1916-1919”, lista cu numele eroilor și comitetul inițiator
Monumentul de tip obelisc e decorat cu o cruce în basorelief, în partea superioară. Soclul e vopsit în culorile tricolorului. Dimensiuni: postament: 98/93/78; monument: 194/50/40 cm.
Inscripții pe monument: „MĂRĂȘEȘTI/ ÎN AMINTIREA VITEJILOR MORȚI PENTRU ÎNTREGIREA NEAMULUI/ 1916-1919”, lista cu numele eroilor și comitetul inițiator
The monument of parallelepiped shape has in the upper part a girdle on which are inscribed different localities where fights were conducted. On the east facade is carved in cement an olive branch. At ...the top of the monument is the eagle. Dimesniuni: posture: 120/115/7; socket: 80/90/130; monument: 200/42/36 cm.
Monumentul de formă paralelipipedică are în partea superioară un brâu pe care sunt înscrise diferite localități unde s-au desfășurat lupte. Pe fațada estică se află sculptată în ciment o ramură de măslin. În vârful monumentului se află vulturul. Dimesniuni: postament: 120/115/7; soclu: 80/90/130; monument: 200/42/36 cm.
Monumentul de formă paralelipipedică are în partea superioară un brâu pe care sunt înscrise diferite localități unde s-au desfășurat lupte. Pe fațada estică se află sculptată în ciment o ramură de măslin. În vârful monumentului se află vulturul. Dimesniuni: postament: 120/115/7; soclu: 80/90/130; monument: 200/42/36 cm.
Inscripții pe monument: La est: „JIU/ EROILOR NOȘTRI/ NICI ARGINTUL, NICI AURUL, NICI DIAMANTUL NU POT FACE CE A FĂCUT VITEJIA, CREDINȚA ȘI JERTFA LOR./ DECI URMAȚI-I./ COMUNA CÎLNICU/ RECUNOSCĂTOARE./ 1916-1919”
Troița este sculptată în lemn de stejar și acoperită cu o cupolă piramidală din tablă. Central, pe o cruce din lemn, este fixată o placă din tablă cu numele celor 70 de eroi căzuți pe câmpul de ...luptă.
Mențiuni despre monument: Comanditarii acestui monument au fost protopopul Coriolan Burlacu, având sprijinul Comitetului Național al Monumentelor Istorice.
Inscripții pe monument: „ÎN AMINTIREA CELOR CĂZUȚI ÎN RĂZBOIUL DE ÎNTREGIRE A NEAMULUI ROMÂNESC 1916-1919”
The trot is carved in oak wood and covered with a sheet metal pyramidal dome. Central, on a wooden cross, is fixed a board with the names of the 70 fallen heroes on the battlefield.
Mentions about the monument: The commanders of this monument were Archpriest Coriolan Burlacu, with the support of the National Committee of Historical Monuments.
Inscriptions on the monument: “IN THE PICTURE OF THE TEST ROUTES IN THE READING ROUTES OF THE NEAME ROMANCE 1916-1919”
Troița este sculptată în lemn de stejar și acoperită cu o cupolă piramidală din tablă. Central, pe o cruce din lemn, este fixată o placă din tablă cu numele celor 70 de eroi căzuți pe câmpul de luptă.
Mențiuni despre monument: Comanditarii acestui monument au fost protopopul Coriolan Burlacu, având sprijinul Comitetului Național al Monumentelor Istorice.
Inscripții pe monument: „ÎN AMINTIREA CELOR CĂZUȚI ÎN RĂZBOIUL DE ÎNTREGIRE A NEAMULUI ROMÂNESC 1916-1919”
Monumentul este sub formă de coloană paralelipipedică, placat cu marmură și așezat pe o platformă din ciment, compus din patru trepte. Deasupra, are două volume dreptunghiulare, pe care se sprijină ...un soclu, ce susține statuia unui soldat în poziție de repaus, sprijinindu-se de un trunchi de copac și ținând pușca în mâini, cu patul puștii lângă picior. Monumentul este înconjurat de un gard. Dimensiuni: lungime bază=3,50 m., lățime bază=3,50m, înălțime=5m.
Inscripții pe monument: Pe partea vestică: „ÎN AMINTIRE EROILOR MORȚI PENTRU PATRIE ÎN RĂZBOAELE 1877-1878/1916-1919” și lista de eroi căzuți, pe toate laturile.
The monument is in the form of a parallelepiped column, plated with marble and placed on a cement platform, composed of four steps. Above it has two rectangular volumes, on which rests a socket, supporting the statue of a soldier in a resting position, resting on a tree trunk and holding the rifle in his hands, with the rifle bed near his foot. The monument is surrounded by a fence. Dimensions: base length = 3.50 m., base width = 3.50m, height = 5m.
Inscriptions on the monument: On the west side: “IN AMINTIRE THE MORNAL EROLES FOR FATRY IN WAR 1877-1878/1916-1919” and the list of fallen heroes on all sides.
Monumentul este sub formă de coloană paralelipipedică, placat cu marmură și așezat pe o platformă din ciment, compus din patru trepte. Deasupra, are două volume dreptunghiulare, pe care se sprijină un soclu, ce susține statuia unui soldat în poziție de repaus, sprijinindu-se de un trunchi de copac și ținând pușca în mâini, cu patul puștii lângă picior. Monumentul este înconjurat de un gard. Dimensiuni: lungime bază=3,50 m., lățime bază=3,50m, înălțime=5m.
Inscripții pe monument: Pe partea vestică: „ÎN AMINTIRE EROILOR MORȚI PENTRU PATRIE ÎN RĂZBOAELE 1877-1878/1916-1919” și lista de eroi căzuți, pe toate laturile.
Pe fața nordică, pe soclu, sunt reprezentate sabia, pușca și o cunună de lauri care înconjoară toate aceste elemente. Mai sus, în basorelief, e redat bustul unui soldat. În vârf se află un vultur cu ...aripile larg desfăcute ce ține în gheare o bogată cunună de lauri. Dimensiuni: postament: 257/188/76; soclu: 153/78/143; monument: 186/52/49 cm.
Inscripții pe monument: La nord: „ÎN AMINTIREA EROILOR DIN COMUNA BORĂSCU - GORJ CĂZUȚI PE CÎMPUL DE ONOARE PENTRU ÎNTREGIREA NEAMULUI ÎN CAMPANIA DIN 1916-1918”
On the north face, on the socket, are represented the sword, the rifle and a wreath of laurels surrounding all these elements. Above, in bas-relief, the bust of a soldier is played. At the top there is an eagle with the wings wide loose that holds in the claws a rich cloon of laurels. Dimensions: post: 257/188/76; socket: 153/78/143; monument: 186/52/49 cm.
Pe fața nordică, pe soclu, sunt reprezentate sabia, pușca și o cunună de lauri care înconjoară toate aceste elemente. Mai sus, în basorelief, e redat bustul unui soldat. În vârf se află un vultur cu aripile larg desfăcute ce ține în gheare o bogată cunună de lauri. Dimensiuni: postament: 257/188/76; soclu: 153/78/143; monument: 186/52/49 cm.
Dike-like variable listwaenites with significant Au (up to 25 ppm) are exposed along fault zones in serpentinites at Um Khasila-Um Huweitat (Kh-H) and Malo Grim (MG) in central and southern Eastern ...Desert of Egypt, respectively. The protoliths of serpentinites were mainly Neoproterozoic fore-arc mantle olivine-rich peridotites. The Kh-H serpentinites are similar to those formed in the mantle wedge, but the MG serpentinites are similar to those formed in the subducted oceanic slab. Serpentinization fluids sourced from dehydrated subducted sediments and oceanic crust. However, the Kh-H serpentinites received more lighter fluids mobile trace elements relative to MG serpentinites (av. Ba/Th = 312 vs. 0.79; av. U/Th = 466 vs. 0.018; av. As/Sm = 0.057 vs. 0.76; av. Cs × depleted mantle = 5075 vs. 7272). The Kh-H listwaenites are allometamorphic, formed by the intrusion of gabbro-diorite and the release of the subducted slab-derived CO2 into the mantle wedge serpentinites giving talc-carbonate (Type I) with high K2O (av. 3.27 wt%), Sr (av. 1131 ppm), Rb (av.165 ppm), Ba (av.407 ppm), and Zr (av. 23 ppm). The MG listwaenites, which have substantially lower K2O, Na2O, TiO2, and Al2O3 concentrations, are autometamorphic and were generated by the loss of SiO2 and addition of CO2 into the subducted serpentinites. With temperature decrease, in Kh-H listwaenites magnesite was overgrown by ankerite, while in MG listwaenites carbonate changed from magnesite to dolomite to calcite. SiO2-bearing fluids could have mixed from continental crust during Kh-H ophiolite emplacement, forming silica-rich listwaenite (Type III) with enriched K2O, TiO2, As, Ba, W and Th. This could be linked to carbonation of serpentinites in MG, forming silica-carbonate listwaenite (Type II) with enriched MnO, Sc, Cr, As, Sr, Cs, Ba, Pb, and U. Mixing of silicification fluids with the Kh-H altered serpentinites most likely increased gold concentration in the enclosed listwaenites. In the MG listwaenites, however, there is no correlation between Au content and SiO2/(CaO + MgO) ratios, indicating that gold was frequently concentrated by the carbonation process.
•Ophiolitic ultramafics are altered along shear zones to listwaenites.•Protoliths were harzburgites from mantle wedge (Kh-H) and subducted oceanic slab (MG).•Talcification, carbonation and silicification of harzburgites represent the main alteration (listwaenites).•Carbonation-silicification in Neoproterozoic mantle of Egypt played a significant role in gold concentrations.
The authors present new petrographic and mineralogical data for the Um Zariq Formation which belongs to Arabian–Nubian Shield metamorphic exposures in the Sinai Peninsula. The formation is believed ...to be a metasedimentary sequence whose protolith was deposited during the Sturtian Snowball Earth Event (SEE). Our new field data indicate the occurrence of metasomatised limestones/dolostones (calc-silicates) which is distinct from those reported from The Feiran-Solaf Metamorphic Complex. We highlight the presence of a lamprophyre body close to the Kid A-type granite; the Malhaq vogesite - a variety of hornblende-phyric lamprophyre with orthoclase feldspar-. Based on mineral assemblages, field observations and petrographic study, metapelites record an early greenschist/lower amphibolite facies regional metamorphism. Intrusion of the syn-collisional deformed granites (CA1) synchronised with the regional metamorphism at ca. 660±25 Ma. Both of the metamorphic events overprinted on the metapelites and calc-silicates. The contact metamorphism formed cordierite and andalusite in the metapelites and pyroxenes in the calc-silicates. Calc-silicates, on the other hand, record anisotropic fabrics, higher T metamorphic mineral assemblages with hornfelsic texture. The Um Zariq metapelites protoliths were deposited at a deeper stratigraphic level and thus, recorded the regional and contact metamorphism contrary to the shallower carbonates. The peak metamorphic conditions were followed by retrograde metamorphism marked by chlorite and prehnite from metapelites and prehnite, epidote and chlorite in calc-silicates. The Um Zariq igneous activity (Kid A-type Granite and the Malhaq Lamprophyre) marks the transformation from collisional to extensional regime in the Arabian–Nubian Shield at ca. 600 Ma.
•The UZ Formation (895-647 Ma) represents greenschist facies metapelites and calcsilicates complexes during closure of the Mozambique ocean.•The Kid Granite (<600 Ma) is an A-type granite whose geochemistry suggest emplacement in an anorogenic setting.•A calc-alkaline lamprophyre Unit is reported for the first time from the UZ area and is here named the Malhaq Lamprophyre.•Kid Granite and Malhaq Lamprophyre represents a switch from a collisional to an extensional tectonic setting at the end of the Pan African Orogeny.
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