Laws of the Sea Braverman, Irus
2022, 2023, 20220803, Volume:
1
eBook
Open access
Laws of the Sea assembles scholars from law, geography, anthropology, and environmental humanities to consider the possibilities of a critical ocean approach in legal studies. Unlike the United ...Nations’ monumental Convention on the Law of the Sea, which imagines one comprehensive constitutional framework for governing the ocean, Laws of the Sea approaches oceanic law in plural and dynamic ways. Critically engaging contemporary concerns about the fate of the ocean, the collection’s twelve chapters range from hydrothermal vents through the continental shelf and marine genetic resources to coastal communities in France, Sweden, Florida, and Indonesia. Documenting the longstanding binary of land and sea, the chapters pose a fundamental challenge to European law’s “terracentrism” and its pervasive influence on juridical modes of knowing and making the world. Together, the chapters ask: is contemporary Eurocentric law—and international law in particular—capable of moving away from its capitalist and colonial legacies, established through myriad oceanic abstractions and classifications, toward more amphibious legalities? Laws of the Sea will appeal to legal scholars, geographers, anthropologists, cultural and political theorists, as well as scholars in the environmental humanities, political ecology, ocean studies, and animal studies.
From a Nobel Prize–winning pioneer in environmental economics, an innovative account of how and why "green thinking" could cure many of the world's most serious problems—from global warming to ...pandemics Solving the world's biggest problems—from climate catastrophe and pandemics to wildfires and corporate malfeasance—requires, more than anything else, coming up with new ways to manage the powerful interactions that surround us. For carbon emissions and other environmental damage, this means ensuring that those responsible pay their full costs rather than continuing to pass them along to others, including future generations. In The Spirit of Green, Nobel Prize–winning economist William Nordhaus describes a new way of green thinking that would help us overcome our biggest challenges without sacrificing economic prosperity, in large part by accounting for the spillover costs of economic collisions.In a discussion that ranges from the history of the environmental movement to the Green New Deal, Nordhaus explains how the spirit of green thinking provides a compelling and hopeful new perspective on modern life. At the heart of green thinking is a recognition that the globalized world is shaped not by isolated individuals but rather by innumerable interactions inside and outside the economy. He shows how rethinking economic efficiency, sustainability, politics, profits, taxes, individual ethics, corporate social responsibility, finance, and more would improve the effectiveness and equity of our society. And he offers specific solutions—on how to price carbon, how to pursue low-carbon technologies, how to design an efficient tax system, and how to foster international cooperation through climate clubs.The result is a groundbreaking new vision of how we can have our environment and our economy too.
Planinske koče so v neposeljenem gorskem svetu skoraj edini lokalni vir onesnaževanja. V raziskavi smo opredelili štiri okoljske vplive planinskih koč: oskrbovanje in ravnanje z odpadki, ogrevanje in ...pridobivanje električne energije, oskrba z vodo in ravnanje z odpadnimi vodami ter število in obnašanje obiskovalcev. S pomočjo ankete smo ocenili okoljske vplive izbranih planinskih koč. Najbolj problematična sta velika količina odpadkov in porabljene vode, kot dobro lahko označimo oskrbovanje, kot zelo dobro ogrevanje koč in pridobivanje električne energije.
A hardheaded book that confronts and outlines possible
solutions to a seemingly intractable problem: that helping the poor
often hurts the environment, and vice versa. Can we fight
poverty and ...inequality while protecting the environment? The
challenges are obvious. To rise out of poverty is to consume more
resources, almost by definition. And many measures to combat
pollution lead to job losses and higher prices that mainly hurt the
poor. In Unsustainable Inequalities, economist Lucas
Chancel confronts these difficulties head-on, arguing that the
goals of social justice and a greener world can be compatible, but
that progress requires substantial changes in public policy.
Chancel begins by reviewing the problems. Human actions have put
the natural world under unprecedented pressure. The poor are least
to blame but suffer the most-forced to live with pollutants that
the polluters themselves pay to avoid. But Chancel shows that
policy pioneers worldwide are charting a way forward. Building on
their success, governments and other large-scale organizations must
start by doing much more simply to measure and map environmental
inequalities. We need to break down the walls between traditional
social policy and environmental protection-making sure, for
example, that the poor benefit most from carbon taxes. And we need
much better coordination between the center, where policies are
set, and local authorities on the front lines of deprivation and
contamination. A rare work that combines the quantitative skills of
an economist with the argumentative rigor of a philosopher,
Unsustainable Inequalities shows that there is still hope
for solving even seemingly intractable social problems.
La communauté internationale prétend freiner la perte de biodiversité et maintenir les services rendus par les écosystèmes. Ces termes à la mode expriment-ils une nouvelle façon de concevoir la ...nature ? L’auteur analyse l’évolution des idées depuis le début du xxe siècle, où l’on se préoccupait de protéger la nature, jusqu’à nos jours, où il est question de gérer la biodiversité. Les bouleversements récents dans la façon dont les sciences appréhendent la nature mettent en évidence un renouvellement de paradigme. L’idée d’équilibre naturel a longtemps prévalu en écologie. Aujourd’hui, s’impose celle de changement permanent, qui appelle une réflexion éthique : comment repenser les valeurs qui fondent les relations homme-nature, sachant que la biodiversité s’inscrit dans une trajectoire ? Dans un contexte marqué par de nouveaux repères conceptuels et par l’urgence des prises de décision, les scientifiques se trouvent de plus en plus impliqués dans la mise en oeuvre de projets qui inscrivent une biodiversité « choisie » dans leurs objectifs. L’auteur ouvre la réflexion sur l’évolution qui en résulte nécessairement dans la pratique du métier de chercheur.
The monograph ('Protection and sustainable development of a cultural landscape: the case of Ljubljana Moor') introduces research findings about the structure and functions of the Ljubljana Moor ...(Ljubljansko barje) cultural landscape. This landscape is composed of a plain with isolated hills (inselbergs) and hills on the outskirts. Floods are still frequent. Due to its exceptional biodiversity, in 2008 the area was proclaimed a landscape park. In the study we identified 28 landscape elements in 3 pilot sites – depending on the geological substratum, water, and land use – which contribute to landscape diversity. Payments to farmers have a significant impact on land use which influences greatly land cultivation and sustainable breeding, while these have a considerably lower influence on the preservation of semi natural landscape elements. We discovered that in terms of sustainability the key tendency is to strive to such a landscape diversity that ensures optimum landscape functioning and various ecosystem services.The analysis of landscape changes over 4 study periods showed that, initially, agriculture, settlement, and water management were the main drivers~however, over recent decades the importance of nature protection and tourism has increased. In today’s landscape there are two conflicting trends: intensification and land abandonment .
Lokalni programi varstva okolja so celoviti dokumenti, ki omogočajo lažje načrtovanje in reševanje okoljskih problemov. Ekološke sledi lahko predstavljajo pomemben del geografskih zasnov, ki lahko ...služijo za pripravo lokalnega programa varstva okolja. Izračun ekoloških sledi je na primeru občine Ormož pokazal, da trenutno občina ni na poti trajnostno sonaravnega razvoja, saj ekološke sledi presegajo sposobnosti bioproduktivne površine v občini. Ekološke sledi so znašale 4,3 gha/preb. (Slovenija − 3,4 gha/preb.), medtem ko je ekološki primanjkljaj 1,11 gha/preb. (Slovenija – 0,6 gha/preb.).
The central part of this monography explores the extent to which social influence methods, which are used to encourage individuals’ environmental awareness and overcome obstacles preventing the ...spread of environmentally friendly behavior, are successful in supporting individuals’ environmental protection tendencies, changing readiness to engage in environmentally friendly behavior, and changing their behavior itself. There is a long journey from awareness of environmental issues to actual environmentally friendly behavior, in which four basic research aspects are highlighted: the selection of behaviors that should be changed, the study of factors causing environmentally unfriendly behaviors, the use of carefully selected social influence methods in order to change environmental awareness and behavior, and a systematic assessment of their influence.It has been established that readiness to engage in environmentally friendly behavior is more strongly encouraged by internal or psychological factors of environmental behavior, whereas in addition to these the behavior itself is also influenced by external or social factors. Social influence methods, based on practical approach, which is adapted to different target groups, have proven to be a successful method, which can be also implemented in educational sistem. Young people are most receptive to changes and are an effective medium to transfer such ideas and proper behavior to seniors.
V Mestni občini Ljubljana (MOL) je varstvo okolja eno izmed treh temeljnih (gospodarsko in socialno polje), a neenakovredno obravnavanih polj sonaravnega, trajnostnega mestnega razvoja. Čeprav se ...Ljubljana med evropskimi mesti podobne velikosti ne uvršča med najbolj degradirana urbana območja, predstavljajo okoljski problemi zaradi številnih posledic na kakovost bivanja in izčrpavanje naravnih virov, ogrožanja narave, enega od ključnih problemov. Zaščita talne vode Ljubljanskega polja, umiritev suburbanizacijskih procesov in cestnega prometa ter prostorski razvoj v okviruomejitev okolja so temeljni sonaravni prostorski izzivi mestnih politik Ljubljane in MOL.
Za prostorsko načrtovanje je značilnih več negotovosti, ki izhajajo iz nujnosti uskladitve različnih interesov v prostoru, nujnosti sprejemanja prostorskonačrtovalnih odločitev, kompleksnosti okolja, ...prostora in družbe, ukvarjanja s prihodnostjo, ki je vedno nekoliko negotova, ter iz dvomov o pravilnosti odločitev. Odgovor na negotovost je več ukrepov, ki naj bi omilili učinke negotovosti. Ti ukrepi temeljijo na dveh osnovnih izhodiščih – standardizaciji in optimizaciji. Ukrepi se nanašajo na povečevanje znanja in razumevanja prostorskega načrtovanja, spremembo pravnih predpisov, obstoj prostorskega načrtovanja kot načina usklajevanja interesov, aktivno prostorsko načrtovanje in tvorno reševanje aktualnih prostorskih problemov, integracijo postopkov urejanja prostora in varstva okolja, izvajanje analize kot osnove delovanja prostorskega načrtovalca, način razmišljanja v alternativah, izoblikovanje jasnih prostorskih konceptov, izoblikovanje transparentnega sistema upravljanja prostora in uveljavljanje participatornih procesov.
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