Work stress is a global issue with countries such as the UK requiring organisations to protect employees. Work stress can be beneficial (challenging) or harmful (overwhelming), and characteristics ...such as resilience are thought to mitigate some of the negative effects. This paper describes the validation of two new scales. The WOSS-13 was designed to measure both benign and harmful experiences of work stress, while the ReWoS-24 captures information about individual and team resilience.
For both scales the assessment of individual items, domains captured by scale items, reliability and validity were completed using data from a survey of 1980 individuals from the University of York, England. A sub-sample of respondents (N = 609) provided additional data for retest purposes. Analyses were performed using these two samples.
Responses to scale items were found to be normally distributed. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated the WOSS-13 was comprised of three subscales: positive work-related affect/stress, general positive affect and harmful stress. The ReWoS-24 is presented as four sub-scales: general well-being, well-being at work, satisfaction with job performance and team resilience. All subscales demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha ≥0.80). Both scales complement existing measures of stress and mental health.
The findings suggest that the WOSS-13 is a valid and reliable measure which enables the assessment of both benign and harmful forms of work stress. The ReWoS-24 is a valid and reliable measure of individual and team resilience. These scales could be used in workplaces to assess for and mitigate against, harmful work stress.
•The Work Stress Screener can distinguish benign from harmful work stress.•The Resilience at Work Scale assesses resilience in individuals and work teams.•These tools can be used to assess for and prevent harmful work stress.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between workload, work shifts, work stress, and work fatigue in general practitioners at Makassar Regional General Hospital. Method: This ...research used an analytical observational method with a cross-sectional study design. The sampling method used total sampling on general practitioners at Makassar Regional General Hospital. Workload, work shifts, work stress, and work fatigue were measured using questionnaires.
•Mindfulness is the exercise of non-judgmental awareness and attention to the present.•Mindfulness enhances psychological detachment from work during workday respite activities.•Psychological ...detachment predicts better employee outcomes via affective states.•We conducted three experience-sampling studies with full-time employees.•Results supported our hypotheses.
Workday respite activities are supposed to be beneficial for employees due to their intended relaxing and enjoyable nature, but employees may find it difficult to agilely switch their awareness and attention between work tasks and respite activities during work hours. Based on affective events and mindfulness-to-meaning theories, we propose workday respite activities as affective events and identify mindfulness—the exercise of non-judgmental awareness and attention to the present moment—as a moderator that facilitates psychological detachment from work during workday respite activities, which in turn enhances employee outcomes later in the day via affective states. Our results from three experience-sampling studies with full-time employees indicate that engaging in workday respite activities is indirectly and positively related with intrinsic motivation and work engagement via psychological detachment and positive affective state, while negatively related with work stress and emotional exhaustion via psychological detachment and negative affective state, especially when mindfulness is higher.
Work stress is one of the urgent public health problems, which has aroused wide attention. In addition, work stress also has a negative impact on the development of enterprises. This study has three ...purposes: (1) to understand the current status of working stress among couriers, (2) to examine the association between work stress, job satisfaction and sleep quality of Chinese couriers, and (3) to verify the mediating role of psychological capital.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 3000 couriers in Beijing of China from January to December 2019 using cluster stratified random sampling. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to describe demographic characteristics of respondents. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation among work stress, job satisfaction, sleep quality, and psychological capital. The mediating analysis was calculated role of psychological capital.
A total of 2831 participants were included in this study. The average score of work stress was 2.49 ± 0.76. Work stress was negatively correlated with job satisfaction (
= -0.266,
< 0.01), sleep quality (
= -0.142,
< 0.01), and psychological capital (
= -0.268,
< 0.01), respectively. The direct effect of work stress on job satisfaction is -0.223, and the total effect of work stress on job satisfaction is -0.267. The a*b*c' is positive, indicating the mediating role psychological capital has in explaining the relationship between couriers' work stress and job satisfaction. Moreover, psychological capital plays a mediating role between work stress and sleep quality among couriers.
Couriers face certain work stress and should be paid attention to and psychological capital can effectively alleviate the work stress of couriers, so measures can be taken to improve it, promoting healthy development of employees and organizations.
Masculinity contest culture (MCC) is a dysfunctional organizational climate in which stereotypically masculine characteristics are honored and rewarded. Previous research found that MCC was ...positively related to turnover intentions, but potential individual differences in this association are unknown. We filled this gap by conducting a cross-sectional study among a convenience sample of Chinese working women and men (n = 687). The results showed that MCC was significantly associated with greater work stress. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses further revealed that work stress and emotion-focused coping (EFC) positively predicted turnover intentions, whereas problem-focused coping (PFC) negatively predicted it. Furthermore, PFC moderated the association between MCC and intention to leave. That is, for employees with stronger PFC, the positive link between MCC and turnover intentions weakened. Moreover, when work stress, coping strategy, age, and gender were included, MCC was no longer linked to turnover intentions; work stress and coping styles explained the largest amount of variance in turnover intentions. In summary, our study indicated that PFC is more adaptive to MCC than EFC. Thus, we suggest that organizations take measures to promote a healthy working climate, and provide training for managers and employees in optimal coping strategies.
•Masculinity contest culture is positively associated with turnover intentions.•Work stress and emotion-focused coping positively predict turnover intentions.•Problem-focused coping negatively predicts turnover intentions.•Masculinity contest culture is no longer linked to turnover intentions when work stress and coping are introduced.•Men's intention to leave is stronger than women's when stress-related variables are controlled.
PURPOSE OF REVIEWThe ongoing digitalization has profound consequences for work in modern economies. It is, therefore, important to investigate if digital technologies increase stress at work (i.e. ...‘technostress’) and lead to impaired mental health. This article describes the concept of technostress and discusses possible risks and opportunities of digital technologies at work and their effect on mental health.
RECENT FINDINGSStudies report that the use of digital technologies is associated with specific psychosocial demands (e.g. higher workload, complexity, conflicts between work and other life domains) and resulting psychobiological stress reactions. It is, however, still unclear if this kind of technostress causes mental disorders because epidemiological studies are missing. Yet, an increasing number of studies suggests that well designed digital work may promote good health if it optimizes work organization or enables greater flexibility, and increases control and autonomy at work.
SUMMARYDigitalization of work seems to have both opportunities and risks for the mental health of employees. The number of studies is currently limited and further research is necessary to describe the advantages and disadvantages more precisely.
This study aims to determine the effect of principal leadership and work stress on the work commitment of extraordinary school teachers in North Jakarta. The method in this research uses a ...quantitative approach to multiple linear regression models. A sample test was conducted on 104 teachers of extraordinary schools in North Jakarta using the Slovin formula. Hypothesis testing is obtained from the t-test and the F-test. The results show that leadership has a positive and significant role in work commitment; job stress has a negative and effect on the work commitment where increased work stress will decrease teacher work commitment. Leadership and work stress affect the work commitment of teachers at special schools in North Jakarta with a coefficient of determination of 0,357 or 35,7%, meaning that leadership and work stress simultaneously affect teacher work commitment by 35.7%.
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has exposed nurses to conditions that threaten their health, well-being, and ability to work. It is therefore critical to study nurses' experiences and ...well-being during the current crisis in order to identify risk groups for ill health and potential sources of organizational intervention. The aim of this study was to explore perceptions of the most salient sources of stress in the early stages of the coronavirus pandemic in a sample of U.S. nurses. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among a sample of 695 U.S. nurses in May 2020. Content analysis was conducted on nurses' responses (n = 455) to an open-ended question on the most stressful situations they had experienced during the pandemic. Six distinct themes emerged from the analysis: exposure/infection-self; illness/death-others; workplace; personal protective equipment/supplies; unknowns; opinions/politics. Two sub-themes concerned restrictions associated with the pandemic and feelings of inadequacy/helplessness regarding patients and their treatment. More than half of all comments concerned stress related to problems in workplace response to the pandemic. Healthcare institutions should provide opportunities for nurses to discuss the stress they are experiencing, support one another, and make suggestions for workplace adaptations during this pandemic.
Purpose: Human Resources are the most important thing in the organization, so that the company's activities can run well, as well as efforts to carry out all organizational activities to the maximum ...extent possible so that employee performance increases. The factor that needs to be considered is the leadership style, this is important because it is one of the components that affect performance. The second factor is the workload that is not in accordance with the work that should be done by other parts, in the end they are passive in responding to work. Work stress also affects employees who work hand in hand at work that is not actually part of their job, employees become ineffective in doing their jobs. This study aims to determine the effect of leadership style, workload and work stress on the performance of employees.
Design/methodology/approach: This type of research uses a quantitative approach.
Findings: The results of this study indicate that leadership style has a negative and insignificant effect on employee performance; workload has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. The influence of leadership style, workload and work stress has a positive and significant effect on performance.
Research limitations/implications: The scope used in this study only covers one area in the Unit Polisi Pamong Praja of East Java Province which is not too large and broad, so the research results cannot be generalized to the wider population. In addition, this study only produced data from a questionnaire instrument based on the perceptions of the respondent’s answers.
Originality/value: This paper is original.
Paper type: a Research Paper
PDF
