This essay represents the collective vision of a group of scholars in vocational psychology who have sought to develop a research agenda in response to the massive global unemployment crisis that has ...been evoked by the COVID-19 pandemic. The research agenda includes exploring how this unemployment crisis may differ from previous unemployment periods; examining the nature of the grief evoked by the parallel loss of work and loss of life; recognizing and addressing the privilege of scholars; examining the inequality that underlies the disproportionate impact of the crisis on poor and working class communities; developing a framework for evidence-based interventions for unemployed individuals; and examining the work-family interface and unemployment among youth.
We use regression discontinuity design and difference-in-differences methods to estimate the impact of a one-time hiring subsidy for low-educated unemployed youths in Belgium during the recovery from ...the Great Recession. Within a year of unemployment, the subsidy increases job-finding in the private sector by 10 percentage points. Over six years, high school graduates secure 2.8 more quarters of private employment. However, they transition from public jobs and self-employment, resulting in no net increase in overall employment, albeit with better wages. High school dropouts experience no lasting benefits. Additionally, in tight labor markets near Luxembourg’s employment hub, the subsidy results in a complete deadweight loss.
•The empirical literature on hiring subsidies targeted at low-educated youths is scarce.•We evaluate the impact of a generous one-shot hiring subsidy for low-educated unemployed youths during the Great Recession recovery in Belgium.•We implement a regression discontinuity design and difference-in-differences estimators to estimate short- and long-run effects on labor market outcomes.•The subsidy increases job-finding in the private sector by 10 percentage points but long-term effects are present for high school graduates only.•We find evidence that high labor market tightness and substitution of unsubsidized jobs can reduce the effectiveness of the subsidy.
Türkiye dinamik bir genç nüfusa sahiptir ancak bir taraftan da genç işsizlik sorunu ile mücadele etmektedir. Eğitim sistemi ile işgücü piyasası arasındaki uyuşmazlıklar, yeni iş sahalarının ...oluşturulamaması, göç ve tarımdaki çözülmeler gibi sorunlar genç işsiz sayısını arttırmaktadır. Genç nüfusun ilerleyen yıllarda aynı dinamikliğini koruyamayacak olması da genç işsizlik sorununa zamanında çözüm bulunması gerçekliğini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışmanın temelini genç işsizlik sorununun sebepleri, genç işsizlikle birlikte ortaya çıkan sorunlar ve genç işsizlik sorunu için ortaya atılan çözüm önerileri oluşturmaktadır. Türkiye’de genç işsizliğin boyutları, genç nüfusun işgücü nitelikleri gibi konular 2000’li yıllardan günümüze kadar incelenecek ve ortaya çıkan sonuçlar tablo ve grafikler yardımı ile değerlendirilecektir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Genç İşsizlik, Türkiye, Eğitim, İstihdam JEL Sınıflandırması: E24
ABSTRACT Turkey has a dynamic young population but are struggling with one hand the youth unemployment problem. Problems such as conflicts between the education system and the labor market, the inability to create new jobs, migration and agricultural disintegration increase the youth unemployment numbers. The fact that the young population cannot maintain the same dynamism in the following years also reveals the reality of finding a timely solution to the youth unemployment problem. The basis of the study is there causing of the youth unemployment problem, the problems that arise with youth unemployment and the solutions proposed for the youth unemployment problem. The dimensions of youth unemployment in Turkey, issues such as labor qualities of the young population to be studied since the 2000s to today and the emerging results will be evaluated with the help of charts and graphs. Key Words: Youth Unemployment, Turkey, Education, Employment JEL Classification: E24
Purpose: The article aims to identify to what extent the youth entrepreneurship can be a response to the youth unemployment. Theoretical framework: Based on the reviewed research the main areas of ...interest in the countries under review would be entrepreneurial environment, entrepreneurial training opportunities, available financial instruments, and other types of support for young entrepreneurs. Design/methodology/approach: The study is based on comparative analysis of eight Balkan countries – Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Italy, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia. Statistical information from Eurostat, World Bank and Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and essays conducted by different national institutions are also considered in the article. Findings: The potential and capacity of entrepreneurship can contribute to tackling unemployment and bettering the innovation ecosystem. Youth entrepreneurship is facing number of challenges (lack of experience and practice, difficult transition between education and labour market) which reaffirms that entrepreneurial is not easy a career. Research, Practical & Social implications: Entrepreneurship is one of the unique tools for dealing with youth unemployment. It is supported by a series of national and international initiatives, which are either complementary or independent, with a clearly expressed intervention effect. Entrepreneurship creates a new mileu for steady ecoinovation system and respectively job opportunities. Originality/value: The value of the research lies in the findings of entrepreneurial environment of the countries studied; based on comparative analysis; ascertaining niches for regional cooperation in solving the problems of youth unemployment.
Youth unemployment is a contemporary socioeconomic problem in many countries. Although it is a negative phenomenon, this number can be translated into different perspectives as it offers plenty of ...available job force not only in terms of age and easily adaptable workers but also opportunities for low-wage workers. Unfortunately, despite having a high Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and economic growth rate, Indonesia still suffers from the youth unemployment problem. The research observed a relationship between youth unemployment and FDI in the case of Indonesia from 1991 until 2019. Because of a different situation faced by female and male workers, the research also extended the impact of FDI into gender-specific effects. Data were from World Development Indicator (WDI) in 1991-2019. The short- and long-run situations were analyzed using the Auto-Regressive-Distribution-Lag (ARDL) technique. Based on the findings, it is found that in the short run, FDI can increase youth unemployment in Indonesia. This situation can be due to the reallocation industry, which requires workers’ adjustment. However, in the long run, FDI significantly reduces youth unemployment. Therefore, it concludes that FDI in Indonesia can provide employment opportunities for young people. Next, FDI is found to have a negative and significant effect on female youth unemployment. Meanwhile, there is no significant effect found in male youth unemployment.
Throughout Maine, employers struggle to find workers with in-demand skills and competencies. Concurrently, work-eligible youth are often unable to find skill-building employment experiences. The ...Gateway to Opportunity (G2O) program is a comprehensive youth-adult partnership model developed in Portland, Maine, that is designed to address both of these challenges. G2O connects high-school-aged young people with paid, work-based learning projects at Maine-based businesses and nonprofits. The model for this program is based on national best practices and lessons learned from multiple highly successful summer youth employment initiatives led by Brandeis University’s Center for Youth and Communities from 2011 to 2013. This article highlights the development and growth of this program model and explores how innovative work-based learning programs such as G2O are critical for Maine’s workforce and local economy.
Losers amongst the Losers Ferrari, Alessandro
Research in economics,
March 2023, 2023-03-00, Volume:
77, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
This paper studies the effect of deep recessions on intergenerational inequality by quantifying the welfare effects on households at different phases of the life cycle. Deep recessionary episodes are ...characterized by large declines in the prices of real and financial assets and in employment. The former levies high welfare costs on older households who own financial wealth, the latter determines labour income losses and destroys the human capital of younger cohorts, lowering their productivity. The paper extends previous analyses in the literature by including permanent labour income losses in an OLG model calibrated to match the Great Recession. The analysis shows that younger households lose more than double of all other living cohorts, as younger household become unemployed and experience a decline in their future income. The dynamics of households’ consumption and portfolio composition between 2007 and 2013 in the US are consistent with the predictions of the model.
Nigeria is passing through a period of uncertainty and pervasive economic recession which has further aggravated the problem of poverty and unemployment among Nigerian youths. These jobless youths ...take solace in all form of atrocities and social vices that pose a serious threat to sustainable development of the nation. This research took a cursory look at the concepts of poverty, youth unemployment and viable entrepreneurship education. It highlighted the lofty objectives of viable entrepreneurship education in Nigeria. The various factors responsible for poverty and youth employment in Nigeria were identified. Attention was also directed to the role of viable entrepreneurship education in eradicating poverty and youth unemployment in Nigeria. Based on the findings, it was recommended, among others, that the curriculum of educational institutions in Nigeria should be more pragmatic and have built-in-job training programmes which would enable all students to acquire relevant entrepreneurial skills required for self-employment, job and wealth creation and poverty eradication.
Unemployment affects approximately 73 million young people, representing 17.9% of the global youth workforce in 2022. Although there are several policies to prevent youth unemployment, digitalization ...seems to be one of the strongest. This research focuses on the impact of the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) on youth unemployment in 27 European countries from 2018 to 2021. For the research, the “Digital Economy and Society Index” was measured with four sub-dimensions. These were “connectivity”, “digital public services”, “human capital”, and “digital technology integration”. Additionally, “Youth Unemployment” was measured with three sub-dimensions. These included the “long-term youth unemployment rate”, “not in education, employment, or training rate”, and “youth unemployment rate”. The analyses were conducted using SmartPLS 4 and the results showed that the DESI reduces youth unemployment each year. According to the findings, the indicators of DESI can be an effective strategy for combating youth unemployment in European countries.
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