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Zakaj optimalen obseg kriminalitete ni enak nič?Jager, MatjažKer je kriminalita družbeno zlo, je lahko z vidika družbe optimalna zgolj njena odsotnost. Navajam dva argumenta, zakaj naj ne bi bilo tako. Pri prvem gre za ironijo Karla Marxa o "produktivnosti" ... storilcev kaznivih dejanj. Proizvajali naj bi cêlo vrsto koristi za družbo in bi jih morali zato šteti za produktivne člane družbe, nikakor pa jih ne preganjati. Drugi argument avtorja Garyja S. Beckerja izhaja iz njegovega modela kriminalietne politike, v katerem, v nasprotju z Marxom, kriminaliteto jemlje kot družbeno zlo. Kljub temu, opirajoč se na trditev Beccarie, da je cena kriminalitete v obsegu vse škode, ki jo povzroči družbi, pride do enakega zaključka glede njenega optimalnega obsega. Vsaka družba mora določen obseg kriminalitete tolerirati, ker je preprečevanje kriminalitete drago. Optimalen obseg kazenskega pregona sega zgolj do točke, ko se njegove mejne koristi izenačijo z njegovimi mejnimi stroški. Navedeno velja za vsako dejavnost družbe, usmerjeno v zniževanje kriminalitete, ki porablja družbena sredstva, katerih oportunitetni stroški rastejo. Podobno pravilo velja tudi glede izbora kaznivih dejanj, v zvezi s katerimi se ukrepi kriminalitetne politike izvajajo. Optimum je dosežen takrat, ko glede vseh kaznivih dejanj dosežemo isto mejno korist na enoto vloženih sredstev.Source: Zbornik znanstvenih razprav = Ljubljana law review. - ISSN 1854-3839 (Letn. 58, 1998, str. 71-86)Type of material - article, component part ; adult, seriousPublish date - 1998Language - slovenianCOBISS.SI-ID - 2254161
Author
Jager, Matjaž
Topics
kriminalitetna politika |
mejni stroški |
racionalni storilec |
oportunitetni stroški
source: Zbornik znanstvenih razprav = Ljubljana law review. - ISSN 1854-3839 (Letn. 58, 1998, str. 71-86)
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Jager, Matjaž | 11843 |
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