Between 1990 and 2015, out of three processes observed in rural Poland – depeasantization, proletarianization and gentrification – the latter, triggering the emergence of a rural middle class, was the most dynamic. The share of the rural middle class in rural social structure increased from 13% to 28%, as a result of the processes both endogenous and exogenous to the countryside. In this analysis, the ‘new’ rural middle class has been defined by the performing the occupations that belong to the first four major groups in the Classification of Occupations and Specialties (ISCO-08). Thus distinguished, it is highly differentiated, which leads to the hypothesis of the existence not of one but several rural middle classes. The article’s aim is to demonstrate the differentiating characteristics of the rural middle class and to distinguish its types, based on co-occurring characteristics. The primary source of data for the analysis are the results of the „Social Diagnosis 2015” survey.